A New Party in Power Review of Lesson 10.1 Questions

A New Party in Power

Review of Lesson 10.1 Questions

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Question 1

What changes did Thomas Jefferson do concerning the following topics?

National Debt and Military Expenses

National Debt and Military Expenses

Jefferson and Albert Gallatin, secretary of the treasury, reduced the national debt and cut down on military expenses.

Federal Government Workers

Federal Government Workers

Jefferson limited the number of federal government workers to a few hundred people.

Federal taxes and customs duties

Federal taxes and customs duties

His government got rid of most federal taxes and only collected customs duties, or taxes on imported goods.

Where the government’s income would come from

Where the government’s income would come from

Under Jefferson, the government’s income would come from custom’s duties and from the sale of western lands.

Question 2

What did the Judiciary Act of 1801 set up?

Answer

The Judiciary Act of 1801 set up a system of courts.

Question 3

What 2 things did John Adams do under the act?

Answer

John Adams made hundreds of appointments during his last days as president.

Answer

He also asked John Marshall to serve as Chief Justice.

Question 4

What 4 reasons did this favor Adams and not Jefferson?

Adams

Jefferson

Answer

The Judiciary Act of 1801 made it so that Congress was still under Federalist control and supported Adam’s choices.

Answer

In this way, Adams blocked Jefferson from making appointments and made sure the Federalists controlled the courts.

Question 5

When Jefferson became president, what was his response to the appointees who had not received their commissions?

Answer

Jefferson told Secretary of State James Madison not to deliver the commissions.

Question 6

What were the two reasons the Supreme Court said that is could not force the delivery of William Marbury’s commission?

Answer

The Court said it did not have the jurisdiction – the legal authority – to force delivery of Marbury’s commission.

Answer

The Court also ruled that doing this violated the Constitution.

Question 7

In the ruling of Marbury v. Madison, what 3 principles of Judicial Review did Chief Justice John Marshall establish?

Answer

A. The Constitution is the supreme law of the land.

Answer

B. The Constitution must be followed when there is a conflict with any other law.

Answer

C. The judicial branch can declare laws unconstitutional.

Question 8

What is judicial review?

Answer

Judicial review is the power of the courts to find acts of other branches unconstitutional.