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9.2 Notes
Depressants, Stimulants, Club Drugs
Objectives Name and classify the commonly abused
drugs
DepressantsAlcoholBarbituratesTranquilizersGlue Sniffing
Alcohol (ethyl alcohol)Most widely used and abused drug in the USA $40 billion industryActs to suppress the CNS by affecting the brain’s control of thought and muscle coordinationCauses the user to display a wide variety of extreme behaviors
BarbituratesDownersFive well-known derivatives include barbitals (amo, seco, pheno, pento, buta)Yellow jackets, blue devilsQuaalude (methaqualone)
Non-barbiturate depressant acts as a sedative and muscle relaxant
TranquilizersProduce relaxationDoes not impair higher order thinkingReserpine and chlorpromazine used with mental patients to reduce anxietyMiltown, Librium and ValiumCan cause both dependencies with repeated high dosages
Glue SniffingContain volatile or gaseous substances that act on the CNSToluene is solvent of choice
Others include naphtha, methyl ethyl ketone, gasoline, and trichloroethylene
Produce slurred speech, euphoria, impaired judgment, double visionNot physically addicting it damages liver, heart, brain and can cause death
Stimulants
Amphetamine Cocaine Club Drugs
AmphetaminesStimulates the CNSCalled uppers or speedIncreased alertnessDecreases fatigueCauses loss of appetiteMost serious abuse is meth by IV injectionEvaporated form called ice, which is smokedOther drugs similar are used for weight control
Phenmetrazine and Phendimetrazine
CocaineExtracted from leaves of coca plant (erythrooxylon)Original use was painkiller or anesthetic
Replaced by procaine and lidocaine
Sniffed or snortedCrack = Cocaine mixed w/ baking soda & water , then heated & dried
Cocaine Stimulates alertness, energy, euphoria
As levels drop, causes depression, anxiety, and pleasurelessness
Only a small percentage are ever cured of habit Can cause cardiac arrest, seizures,
respiratory arrest ¾ of the total cocaine smuggled into the
US comes from labs located in Columbia, SA Growers are paid $200 for leaves to make 1 lb Refined it will bring $1000 Street value will be $20,000
Club DrugsSynthetic
used at nightclubs, bars and ravesEcstasy (MDMA)
Popular at rave scenes Original patented as a appetite suppressant
Club Drugs cont GHB (gamma hydroxybutyrate) Rohypnol (roofies)
CNS depressants Used for date rape and robbery Cause dizziness, sedation, headache, nausea,
and loss of memory Ketamine
Used as animal anesthetic but causes euphoria in humans
Methamphetamine
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