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34-35 Risk factor: Physical inactivity CYAN MAGENTA YELLOW BLACK
SittingTime spent seated each week, people aged 18 years and above 2000selected countries
Finland,France
Italy Netherlands Spain United Kingdom
31 hours 29 hours
37 hours42 hours
35 hours
Physical inactivity by social class in IndiaPercentage of time spent seated, at work or in spare time,by people aged 25 years and above in two Indian villages1993–1995
male
female
4% 3% 6% 6%
27%
69%
37%
82%
lowest next lowest next highest highest
TransportNumber of motor vehicles
per 1000 people1996
selected countries
The global fleetNumber of vehicles1950–1994,2025 projected
750
519
97 81 70million
630million
1000million
8 7USA Japan Brazil Hong
KongSAR
China India 1950 1994 2025
Physical activity
The following activities have similar benefits to health:
Washing and waxing a car for 45–60 minutes
Washing windows or floors for 45–60 minutes
Playing volleyball for 45 minutes
Wheeling self in wheelchair for 30–40 minutes
Bicycling 8 km in 30 minutes
Pushing a pushchair 2.5 km in 30 minutes
Walking 3 km in 30 minutes
Swimming laps for 20 minutes
Playing basketball for 15–20 minutes
Singapore keeps movingPercentage participation in any form of sport for at least 20 minutes, on 3 or more days a week, by age1998
female
male
11%
25% 9%
14%
16%
16%
16%
24%
24%
32%
18–29years
30–39years
40–49years
50–59years
60–69years
Energy expenditure per week in work, leisure and transportMET-mins2002–20031 MET is the amount of energy expended while sitting quietly at rest
Physical activity levels
6000 and above
3500–5999
1300–3499
below 1300
no data
25% of the world’s
cars are in the USA,
a country with just
5% of the world’s
population.
In 1997, in China
there were 2
50
bicycles to every
car, while the USA
had less than one
bicycle to every
car.
Being physically
inactive increases
your risk of
coronary heart
disease and
ischaemic stroke by
around 1.5 times.
Worldwide, ph
ysical
inactivity causes
about 1.9 million
deaths, 20% of
cardiovascular dis
ease
and 22% of coronary
heart disease
.
ZIMBABWE
SRI LANKA
DOMINICANREP.
C H I N A
VIET NAM
LAOPDRI N D I A
BANGLADESHUAE
NEPAL
KAZAKHSTAN
ETHIOPIACÔTE D’IVOIRE
BURKINAFASO
GHANA
MALAWI
MEXICO
PARAGUAY
B R A Z I L
URUGUAY
PHILIPPINES
MAURITIUS
COMOROS
TUNISIA
CROATIA
ITALY
AUSTRIA
GREECE
UNITEDKINGDOM
IRELAND
DENMARK
FRANCE
SPAIN
PORTUGAL
GERMANYBELGIUM
LUXEMBOURG
NETH.
FINLAND
SWEDEN
SLOVAKIA
B & H
Both the intensity and duration of exercise are important in reducing deaths from coronary heart disease.
3534
Risk factor: physical inactivity
8“Take a stroll after meals and you won’t
have to go to the medicine shop.”Ancient Chinese proverb
Industrialization, urbanization and mechanized transport have reduced physical activity, even in developing countries, so that currently more than 60% of the global population are not sufficiently active.
Physical exercise is linked to longevity, independently of genetic factors. Physical activity, even at an older age, can significantly reduce the risk of coronary heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, and obesity, help reduce stress, anxiety and depression, and improve lipid profile. It also reduces the risks of colon cancer, breast cancer and ischaemic stroke.
Doing more than 150 minutes of moderate physical activity or 60 minutes of vigorous physical activity a week – whether at work, in the home, or elsewhere – can reduce the risk of coronary heart disease by approximately 30%.
Despite documented evidence of the benefit of physical activity in preventing and treating cardiovascular and other chronic diseases, more than a quarter of a million individuals die each year in the United States because of a “lack of regular physical exercise”.
Only 8% of the world’s population currently owns a car. Between 1980 and 1998, the global fleet of cars, trucks and buses grew by 80%, with a third of the increase taking place in developing countries.
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