5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration Cellular Respiration Chapter 5.3

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

• Cellular Respiration

• Chapter 5.3

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

Inverse Operation to Photosynthesis

• C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (ATP)

• How organisms get energy from sugar.

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

KEY CONCEPT Cellular Respiration

- converts sugar and O2 into ATP

- begins in the cytoplasm - moves to the mitochondria

mitochondrion

animal cell

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

Overview

• 1st Stage: (In cytoplasm)• Glycolysis • glucose is broken down to pyruvate

– anaerobic (without O2)

– Enzyme assisted– produces some ATP

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

Overview

• 2nd Stage: (In Mitochondria)• The Krebs Cycle

– AKA: The Citric Acid Cycle

– pyruvate is broken down to CO2 andH2O

– Aerobic– ATP production

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

Stage 2 (FYI) - The Krebs Cycle• Pyruvate enters mitochondrion

– Broken down further– Products:

- 1 CO2

- 1 NADH - 1 coenzyme A (CoA)

– CoA enters

Krebs Cycle

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

6H O2

6CO 2

6O 2

mitochondrionmitochondrion

matrix (area enclosedby inner membrane)

inner membrane

ATP

ATP

energy

energy from glycolysis

1

2

4

3

and

and

and

• Stage 3: electron transport chain produces a large amount of ATP.

– in inner membrane

– O2

– 36 ATP produced

– CO2 & H2O released as awaste products

Electron Transport

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

Krebs Cycle Animation

• http://www.qcc.cuny.edu/BiologicalSciences/Faculty/DMeyer/respiration.html

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

• The equation for the overall process is:

C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O

• Formula is a reverse of formula for photosynthesis

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

KEY CONCEPT Fermentation allows glycolysis to continue without oxygen. (anaerobic)

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

Fermentation

Produces water, alcohol & carbon dioxide

• The two types of fermentation are:– alcohol fermentation – lactic acid fermentation.

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

Fermentation

• Many bacteria carry out alcohol fermentation under anaerobic conditions

• Fungi such as yeast carry out fermentation

• Humans use fermentation, in their muscle cells (lactic acid)

• Some plants use fermentation

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

• Fermentation is used in food production.

– yogurt

– cheese

– bread

– wine

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

Overview

• Yeast is a single-celled fungi. • It cannot make its own food• It must each sugar from another source.• They grow on their food source• Enzymes are released to break down the sugar• This is absorbed and used as food by the fungi.

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

Overview

• C6H12O6 = 2CH3CH2OH + 2CO2 + energy

• Glucose ethyl alcohol carbon dioxide

• We use the waste products – (beer, wine, yogurt, cheese)

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

Yeast Fermentation Lab

• Get into groups of 4

• Pick up one lab sheet per group

• Put ALL names on the lab sheet (1st & Last)

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

Stop Here

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

Determining Your Experiment

• Send one person to me to select 2 cards

• These indicate your experimental group number and what foods you will be feeding your yeast.

• Group # indicates the number of sugar packets you will need

• The other word is a different form of sweetener you will experiment with.

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

Materials needed in each group:

• 2 water bottles

• Sugar packets

– (what number did your group draw?)

• The alternate sweetener

• 2 packets of yeast.

• 2 balloons

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

The experiment

• Pour water from your bottle into the glass beaker.

• Heat to 110° F• Pour back into water bottle• Add 1 yeast packet & stir until dissolved

• Do the same with the 2nd bottle of water

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

Experiment

• Do this with a partner:• Add the # of sugar packets for your group to one

bottle.• Immediately cover the bottle top with a balloon• Swirl the water to mix the sugar & yeast mixture• Start timing 5 minutes

• In the other bottle instead of sugar add the different sweetener.

• Immediately cap with a balloon and swirl• Time for 5 minutes

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

Experiment

• Every 5 minutes:• Use the ribbon to measure the widest part of the

balloon• Use a ruler or meter stick to get the cm

measurement• Write this data on your chart.

5.3 Overview of Cellular Respiration

Save your Data

• Tomorrow we will go over and share our data

• Clean up your area• Return all borrowed materials• Dump water bottles down the sink• Rinse bottles and put in blue recycling bin in front

of room