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8/8/2019 45_20071227_Carl Robertus WAM Foam WMA TWG
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WAM Foam: asphalt pavements at
lower temperatures
WMA TWG, 12 December 2007, Hunt Valley - MD
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WAM Foam
Basic Concept & History
Field Experience
Emission Reduction
US Perspective
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100000
10000
1000
100
10
1
0.5
V 0.2
0.1
ViscosityPa.s
-60 32 120 210 300 390 480
F
Soft asphalt
component
Hard asphaltcomponentPG 64-22
Basic Concept
0 50 7525
Temperature
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DRYER MIXER SILO LAYING
DRYER MIXER SILO LAYING
TRADITIONAL HOT MIXASPHALT
WAM FoamASPHALT MIX PROCESS
6%ASPHALT
5% FILLER 20 OC
90% AGGREGATE
1.8 % SOFT
4.2 % HARDCOMPONENT
90% AGGREGATE
Schematics of the typical process conditions
390 OF 300-350 OF 270-320 OF
260 OF 225 OF 180-220 OF 175-200 OF
320 OF
5% FILLER 20 OC
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DG 11
PG 52-28
(180/220)
May
1999
1st WAM Foam 1999 (Norway)
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WAM Foam after two years
June 2001June 2001
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foam
mixer
2000
WAM Foam installation inHot Mix Asphalt plant
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Aggregate > 4 mm
Soft Bitumen
Aggregates 0-4 mm
Hard Bitumen Foam
Filler
Discharge
0 25 35 55Time (s) 5
-
Mixing
15
Mixing
Batch Plant Mixing Cycle 3.5 ton batch
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WAM Foam, DG 11, PG58-22
(80 pen)
May 2002
Reference, DG 11, PG58-22
(80 pen)May 2002
Field trials RV 120 September 2000
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Rut development on RV 120
Rv 20, Hp2, Km 6.823- 7.686, Length 0.863 km
Akershus
0
10
1
20
2
01
01
92
01
01
93
01
01
9
01
01
9
01
01
9
01
01
9
01
01
9
01
01
99
01
01
00
01
01
01
01
01
02
01
01
03
01
01
0
01
01
0
01
01
0
01
01
0
Date
Rutdepth(mm) 90 v lue
e n v lue
WAMAbg
3.2 mm/year 2.9 mm/r
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WAM Foam SMA 11,Track-paving on E6 - June 2002
Daily traffic 22000 vehicles - 65,2 kg/m2
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Adoption to Drum Mix Plant
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Emission
measurements
Source: Koenders et al, IRF 2004
Asphalt Fume Emission monitoring
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Emission reduction Hot Mix WAM Foam
TPM = Total Particulate Matter BSM = Benzene Soluble Matter
TPM BSM
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
mg
/m
3
1 2 1 2
Location
PLEASENOTE:
Today typical Occupational
Exposure Limits in Europeand US are
TPM 5 mg/m3
In this example
Hot Mix emissions are still
4 times lower
than OE limit !!
Fume emission measurement
Source: Koenders et al, IRF 2004
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Measu e en s pe o ed by De No ske Ve i as
a Ska nes 26 27/08 2002
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
[kg/h]
WAMFoa MA
31,5
CO2
CO2 emission during actual Production
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Measu e en s pe o ed b e o ske Ve as
a Ska nes 26 27 08 2002
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
O Ox 1/100as pe
[kg/]
M Foa MA
- 61 5 %
- 28 5 %
NOx and CO emission during actual Production
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1
1
Dust[kg/hour
WA Foam H A
Skarnes
Dust54% reduction54% reduction
Production process
Dust emission during actual Production
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311rF 230 rF
Illustrations
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Illustrations
HMA WAM Foam
329 rF
230 rF
vs.
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What has been we achieved with WAM Foam?
30 % reduction in energy consumption,lower production costs
30 % reduction in CO2-emissions,a gain for the environment!
50 60 % reduction in dust emission,again a gain for the environment Fume from WAM Foam is below detection limits,
Health & Safety!
Reduced temperature => reduced oxidation/ageing of binder WAM Foam satisfies all Hot Mix Asphalt specifications according to Handbook 018
(Norwegian Standard) Production Capacity maintained
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US Perspective
Binder components now available in the US
Final binders: PG 70-22, PG 64-22, PG 58-28
Laboratory
2007 mixing trials at Turner Fairbank / FHWA
2007 evaluation at NCAT
Included in study Industry tour 2007
Further US field verification 2008
Mid West
Expand to modified grades ?
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US Perspective
Positives (when compared to other WMA):
No Additives, no expensive snake oils just add water
Pre-coats Coarse Aggregate
Absorptive Aggregates
Challenges:
Paradigm Shift
Asphalt Plant Binder Blending
PG Binder Grading system
Performance Acceptance Projects
Mix Design-Lab Foaming device
Asphalt Plant Modifications
Recommended