View
215
Download
1
Category
Tags:
Preview:
Citation preview
14.1.4 Collection and Processing of Household Data
UPA Package 4, Module 1
COLLECTION AND PROCESSING OF HOUSEHOLD DATA
24.1.4 Collection and Processing of Household Data
Collection and Processing of Household Data
• Household data sources• Household questionnaires• Sampling methods• Processing of household data
34.1.4 Collection and Processing of Household Data
Household Data Sources
• National Census (frequency, coverage)• Regular national household surveys (frequency, sample)• International household surveys (DHS)• Ad-hoc surveys (research)• Use of household data in combination with other data
sources
DHS: Demographic and Health Surveys
44.1.4 Collection and Processing of Household Data
Household Data Sources
Structured personal interview with standard questions (and sequence of questions) similar for all respondents (e.g. Census)
Meaning of questions similar for all households
Interviewer attitude and experience
Semi-structured and non-structured interviews
54.1.4 Collection and Processing of Household Data
Household Data Sources
Advantages of structured personal interviews:• flexibility, high response rate
Disadvantages:• - costs, interviewer bias (principles of interviewing), lack of
anonymity
CENSUSfrequency (every 10 years), availability (at which spatial level), quality/reliability, specific (poverty/habitat) data not covered by Census, why no traditional Census in the Netherlands?
64.1.4 Collection and Processing of Household Data
Household Data Sources
Other Household data sources:• National Samples• Demographic and Health Surveys (www.measuredhs.com)• Ad-Hoc surveys (research, Urban Inequities UN-Habitat)• Data mixture (combine surveys with auxiliary (large) data
sets), small area statistics
74.1.4 Collection and Processing of Household Data
Household Data Sources
Participatory data collection and/or expert knowledge
Water scarcity in Nakuru/Kenya based on information from participatory mapping. The background images are a Landsat image overlaid by a QuickBird image covering the built-up area.
84.1.4 Collection and Processing of Household Data
Household Questionnaires
Questions:• Content Facts and Opinions (Subjective
experience) • Type Closed and Open-ended questions,
contingency questions• Format Categories of possible answers, rating • Sequence Questions related to previous questions
94.1.4 Collection and Processing of Household Data
Household Questionnaires (Example 1)
www.measuredhs.com
questionnaires are available under basic documentation
104.1.4 Collection and Processing of Household Data
Household Questionnaires
Avoid bias• Introduction and covering letter• Wording• Leading questions• Gender• Threatening questions• Non-response• Training/experience of interviewers
114.1.4 Collection and Processing of Household Data
Household Questionnaires (Example 2)
Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey
(MICS)
www.childinfo.org
124.1.4 Collection and Processing of Household Data
Household Questionnaires (Example3)
Urban Inequities Surveys
www.unhabitat.org
Poverty, ill-health, unemployment, illiteracy, and the like, are concentrated in urban slums. The geography of poverty is shifting from rural to urban areas. water and sanitation module
This module is to be administered once for each household visited. Record only one response for each question. If more than one response is given, record the most usual source or facility.1. What is the main source of drinking water for members of your household?Piped into dwelling 01Piped into yard or plot 02Public tap 03Tube-well/borehole with pump 04Protected dug well 05Protected spring 06Rainwater collection 07Bottled water 08Unprotected dug well 09Unprotected spring 10Pond, river or stream 11Tanker-truck, vendor 12 Other (specify)01Q.402Q.4
Example of a question of the water module.
Main water aspects:
Source, time, quantity, price
134.1.4 Collection and Processing of Household Data
Household Questionnaires (Example 3) 5. STATE OF REPAIR OF THE DWELLING. [ RECORD OBSERVATION]
Completely dilapidated, shack, beyond repair 1 Needs major repairs ................................... 2 Needs no or minor repairs .......................... 3 Currently being repaired ............................. 4 Under construction...................................... 5
6. DOES THE ROOF HAVE ANY HOLES? [ RECORD OBSERVATION]
Yes.............................................................. 1 No ............................................................... 2
7. DOES THE ROOF’S SURFACE SAG OR
APPEAR UNEVEN? [ RECORD OBSERVATION]
Yes.............................................................. 1 No ............................................................... 2
8. DO THE OUTSIDE WALLS SLOPE /LEAN
/SLANT /BUCKLE? [ RECORD OBSERVATION]
Yes.............................................................. 1 No ............................................................... 2
9. HAVE YOU EVER SEEN RATS OR MICE
INSIDE YOUR DWELLING? [ RECORD OBSERVATION]
Yes.............................................................. 1 No ............................................................... 2
10. DO THE OUTSIDE WALLS HAVE ANY
MISSING SIDING, BRICKS OR OTHER
WALL MATERIALS? [ RECORD OBSERVATION]
Yes.............................................................. 1 No ............................................................... 2
11. ON A SCALE OF 1 TO 10 (10 IS THE
BEST) HOW WOULD YOU RATE THIS
HOUSE AS A PLACE TO LIVE?
Enter a number from 1 to 10: ___ ___
12. HAS ANY MINOR OR MAJOR
MAINTENANCE OR REPAIRS BEEN
DONE ON THE HOUSE IN THE PAST 3 MONTHS?
Minor repairs ............................................... 1 Major repairs ............................................... 2 No repairs done .......................................... 3
Urban Inequities Surveys
Addis Ababa
UN-HABITAT
144.1.4 Collection and Processing of Household Data
Sampling
• Why Sampling
Total: Population and parameters
Subset: Sample and statistics
• Sampling Unit
Single member of a sampling population
• Sampling frame
All sampling units
154.1.4 Collection and Processing of Household Data
Sampling
• Sample Domain: a representative sample of n households for a city
• Sampling Frame: a list of e.g. census enumeration areas (EAs) with population and household survey and census
• Sample Selection: select a representative sample of households. Develop proportional clusters from which the sample of respondents could be drawn.
• Sampling Probabilities
164.1.4 Collection and Processing of Household Data
Sampling Methods
• Probability sampling methods
Simple random sampling
Stratified random sampling
Systematic sampling
Cluster sampling• Non-probability sampling methods
Convenience sampling
Quota sampling
Purposive/Focus sampling
174.1.4 Collection and Processing of Household Data
Sampling Size
Factors influencing sample size• Standard or sampling error, expected level of accuracy• Sampling results related to parameters values• Confidence interval and normal distributions• Sampling distribution
Non-sampling errors• Measurement error• Non response
184.1.4 Collection and Processing of Household Data
Sampling Size
Sample size = s² / (S.E)²
S=standard deviation
S.E=standard error
194.1.4 Collection and Processing of Household Data
Processing of Household Data
• Describing
Check for errors (obvious mistakes, outliers, missing values)
Statistics, Tables, Graphs, Geo-Visualization (mapping)
Single and composite variables
• Analysis
Correlations, inductive statistics
• Describing
Check for errors (obvious mistakes, outliers, missing values)
Statistics, Tables, Graphs, Geo-Visualization (mapping)
Single and composite variables
• Analysis
Correlations, inductive statistics
Processing of Household Data
4.1.4 Collection and Processing of Household Data
18
Recommended