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Eng101Reading discussion
Other punctuation
Other punctuation
ParenthesisDO NOT OVERUSE!!!
• Use to enclose supplemental material, minor
digressions, and afterthoughts
o Some of my cousins (Bill, Wesley, David, Hartley,
Melissa, and Kacey) were at my party.
• Use to enclose letters or numbers labeling items in a
series
o Regulations stipulated that only the following
equipment could be used on the survival mission:
(1) knife, (2) thirty feet of parachute line, (3) a
book of matches, and (4) two ponchos.
Dash
• Use to set off parenthetical material that deserves
emphasis
o My grandmother bought me a puppy – an
adorable little bulldog – for my birthday!
• Use to set off appositives that contain commas
o An appositive is a noun or noun phrase that
renames a nearby noun. They are usually set off
with commas, but when the appositive itself
contains commas, a pair of dashes helps
readers see the importance of all pauses.
o My best friends – Amani, Catherine, Erin, Kai, and
Lola – are here.
type word, space, dash, dash, space, next word, and Word will do it automatically
Dash
• Use to introduce a list, a restatement, an amplification,
or a dramatic shift in tone or thought
• (basically can replace a colon, but colons are more
formal and less dramatic than a dash)
• Only use if there is a specific reason for its use (don’t
want unnecessary choppiness)
o In my hometown, people’s basic needs include the
following items – sesame seed oil, honey, safflower
oil, and that half-liquid “peanuts only” peanut butter.
Brackets• Use to enclose any words/phrases that have been
inserted into an otherwise word-for-word quotation
o Audubon reports that “if there are not enough young
to balance deaths, the end of the species [California
condor] is inevitable” (4).
• The Latin word “sic” in brackets indicates that an error in
a quoted sentence appears in the original source.
• Do NOT overuse because calling attention to others’
mistakes can appear snobbish.
o According to the review, Nelly Fortado’s performance
was brilliant, “exceeding [sic] the expectations of
even her most loyal fans.”
Brackets• Use to enclose any words/phrases that have been
inserted into an otherwise word-for-word quotation
o Audubon reports that “if there are not enough young
to balance deaths, the end of the species [California
condor] is inevitable” (4).
• The Latin word “sic” in brackets indicates that an error in
a quoted sentence appears in the original source.
• Do NOT overuse because calling attention to others’
mistakes can appear snobbish.
o According to the review, Nelly Fortado’s performance
was brilliant, “exceeding [sic] the expectations of
even her most loyal fans.”
Brackets Practice1. Lisette’s speech contained the following remark: “I
accept this medal Comal College Student of the Year
with the acknowledgment of the support of my family,
friends, and teachers.”
[Comal College Student of the Year]
2. The actor remarked, none too humbly, “When I deliver
my character’s famous speech Act I Scene 3, the
audience weeps.”
[Act I Scene 3]
Brackets Practice3. If you read the quotation from the Navy captain (see
the article entitled “Life Down Under” page 4, column
5), you will have a better understanding of life on a
submarine.
[page 4, column 5]
4. At one point in the interview, the singer responded,
“When I’m home London, England, I occasionally give
free concerts.”
[London, England]
Brackets Practice5. As part of the preparation for your trip, you will find it
immensely helpful to read about the local customs
(the “When in Rome...” section of Chapter 2 pages 18-
20).
[pages 18-20]
6. The mayor-elect then commented, “It is imperative
that we make this the proposed loop around the city
a priority of this administration.”
[the proposed loop around the city]
Brackets Practice7. The winner answered my question about the best type
of racing bicycle with “There’s no doubt that mine a
twenty-seven speed Italian bicycle is the best.”
[a twenty-seven speed Italian bicycle]
8. To get to the Connellys’ farm, you go down
Arrowhead Road (between Route 10 the turnoff is
north of Evinston and Route 52).
[the turnoff is north of Evinston]
Brackets Practice9. “Do you happen to know the year that Tony Dorsett
was awarded it the Heisman Trophy?” Luella asked.
[the Heisman Trophy]
10. Please turn to the statistics on the world population
(see page 46 Chart C) before continuing.
[Chart C]
Ellipsis Mark…
• Use to indicate that words have been deleted from an
otherwise word-for-word quotation
o The governor said, “It is very important for our
children...that the school year be extended...and that
they go to school...360 days a year” (Smith 82).
• If a full sentence or more is deleted in the middle of a
quoted passage, use a period before the three ellipsis
dots
o “If we don’t properly train, teach, or treat our growing
prison population,” says long-time reform advocate
Luis Rodriguez, “somebody else will….This may well
be the safety issue of the new century” (16).
Ellipsis Mark…
• Use to indicate a hesitation or an interruption in
speech or to suggest unfinished thoughts
o “The apartment building next door…it’s going
up in flames!” yelled Marcia.
Slash
• Use to separate two or three lines of poetry
• Add a space before and after the slash
o Roses are red / violets are blue / sugar is
sweet
• Use to separate paired terms
• Do not use space before or after slash
o Pass/fail, producer/director
oDo not use and/or, he/she, is/or
o Rewrite instead
Hyphen
• Use the dictionary to see if whether or not a
word is hyphenated or compound
oWater-repellent, waterproof, water table
• Use when two or more words are used together
as an adjective before a noun
o Richa Gupta is not yet a well-known
candidate.
• Do not use to connect –ly adverbs to words they
modify
oWRONG: A slowly-moving truck tied up traffic
Hyphen
• Hyphenate fractions and certain numbers when
they are spelled out
oOne-fourth
• Use with the prefixes all-, ex-, and self-
o Self-help
• Use with the suffix -elect
o President-elect
Hyphen
• Use in certain words to avoid ambiguity or to
separate awkward double or triple letters
o Re-creation and recreation
oAnti-intellectual (double i)
oCross-stitch (double s)
Hyphen Practice1. In the story, the villain dies from a self inflicted wound.
Self-inflicted
2. Bill Bradley is an ex basketball player.
Ex-basketball
3. Governor elect Rousseau was born right here in our
town.
Governor-elect
4. The Assad family left Istanbul on a bitterly cold day.
correct
Hyphen Practice5. Have you hear that only forty two percent of the
people in this area favor a bike trail?
Forty-two
7. Did you know that manatees have trouble hearing
low frequency sounds?
Low-frequency
8. At this location today, one hundred and three people
have registered to vote.
correct
9. Elissa is looking for an oil free moisturizing liquid.
Oil-free
Freewriting• Given a topic
• Write for given time
• Do not stop writing…if you get stuck, pick a word
and just keep writing it until your next thought
comes through
Freewriting• Teachers should follow the same confidentiality
guidelines as lawyers and doctors.
• Illegal immigrants should have the same rights and
benefits as American citizens.
Choose a statement. Write your opinion.
Apply your assigned argumentative element to each of the following readings. Be prepared to extensively discuss your findings with the class.
• Marissa Brown – “Teacher Natalie Munroe Has a Right to Call Kids Lazy and Rude”
• Jonathan Zimmerman – “When Teachers Talk out of School”• Byron York – “A Carefully Crafted Immigration Law in Arizona”• Conor Friedersdorf – “Immigration Policy Gone Loco”
• Purpose & AudienceAziz, Mieah, Ashley C., Cody
• The rational appealDavid, Daishawna, Danny, Brittany
• The emotional appealAshley B., Cassie, Tony, Summer
• The ethical appeal & Ethical issuesNaudya, Cambria, Corrine, Zach
• Fallacies & Reasoning strategiesRobert, Pauline, Kaprielle
Meet in the following groups. Share your knowledge of
your previously assigned element with the group.
The purpose is for all group members to fully
understand all of the elements in each of the
readings.
Jigsaw!
Argument Analysis• Choose ONE of the readings
• Write a 3-4 page essay discussing the effectiveness
of the author’s causation techniques
o Writing process; MLA format
o Introduction
o Body paragraphs
o Conclusion
o Grammar & mechanics
• (optional) Rough draft conferences – Thurs. 4/14
• Peer review rough drafts – Tues 4.19
• Final copy due – Thurs 4/21
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