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Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Ethernet PrincipleService configurationQOSE-OAM
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page2
Contents1. Ethernet Concept
2. Ethernet Port Technology3. VLAN Basis
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page3
Do you know why IP address is not fixed as
MAC?
00000001
10111011
00111010
10111010
10111110
10101000
It means this is a multicast address.
Ethernet MAC Address 00.e0.fc.39.80.34
MAC address includes 48 bits and it is shown as 12 dotted hexadecimal notations
MAC address is exclusive globally which is allotted and managed by IEEE. Every MAC address is composed of two parts. The first 24 bits part is the vendor code and the other 24 bits part is serial number
If 48 bits are all “1”, it means the address is used for broadcast
If the 8th bit is “1”, it means the address is used for multicast
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Ethernet_II
DMAC SMAC Length/T DATA/PAD FCS
Length/Type Mean
Length/T > 1500Length/T <= 1500
Type of the frameLength of the frame802.3
46---1500 bytes
64---1518 bytes
Ethernet Frame Structure
Dest MAC Src MAC 8100 CXXX
C XXXPPP m ID
0800 45 D S C P
TLen F_ID Fr FO
TTL Pr HCKS Dest IP Src IP MTU CRC
PPP – VLAN priority, m = CFI “not used”, 45 = IPV4, 5byte frame length , TLen = total frame length , F_ID = Frame ID , Fr = fragment number , FO = Fragment offset , Pr = protocol , HCKS = header check sum.
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Precedance TOS000 --- Routine 1000 ---- Minimize Delay001 --- Priority 0100 ---- Maximize througput 010 --- Immediate 0010 ---- Maximize Reliability011 --- Flash 0001 ---- Minimize Monetary Cost100 --- Flash Override 101 --- CRITIC/ECP110 --- Internetwork Contrl111 --- Network Control
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Ethernet Principle---CSMA/CD CS: carrier sense
Sense before sending data to ensure the cable is idle and reduce collision.
MA: multiple access The data from every station can be received by other multiple
stations.
CD: collision detection Detect collision while sending data and stop it when the station
find collision then continue to send after waiting for a random time.
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Physical layer
Data link layer
(BRIDGE/Ethernet switch/L2) equipment (BRIDGE/Ethernet switch/L2) equipment work modework mode
L2 Work Mode
Application layer
Presentation layer
Conversation layer
Transport layer
Network layer
Data link layer
Physical layer Physical layer
L2 switch
Data link layer
Application layer
Presentation layer
Conversation layer
Transport layer
Network layer
Data link layer
Physical layer
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page8
L2 Work Principle
Learning based on source
Segment 1
Segment 2A
B
C
PORT1
PORT2
D
typical use of the switch
switch
MAC ADD. portMAC A 1MAC B 1MAC C 2MAC D 2
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L2 Work Principle (Cont.) Forwarding based on destination address
Port 1
Port 2
L2 Switch
MACD MACA ………
MACA MACD ………
MAC ADD. portMAC A 1MAC B 1MAC C 2MAC D 2
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L2 Switch Principle Receive all the data frames from the network segment Save the source MAC addresses of the received frames to
establish MAC address table( self-learning based on source address) and maintain the address table by aging mechanism
Check the MAC address table to find out the port corresponding to the destination address. If it is the receiving port, it will take the frame; if it is not the receiving port, the data will be broadcasted to all the other ports (except the source port)
Forward broadcast and multicast frames to all other ports (except the source port)
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Three Switch Modes Cut-Through :
Switch forward the frame immediately after it receive destination address Short time delay Switch don’t check the error
Store-and-Forward : Switch forward the frame after it receive the whole frame Long time delay Switch check the error so no error frame will be forwarded
Fragment-free : Switch forward the frame after it receive 64 bytes( the shortest frame
length) Integrate the advantage of the cut-through and store-and-forward mode
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L2 will forward the received frames according to the MAC address so collision domain is limited to one port. But it can not limit the broadcast domain.
Broadcast Domain
SWITCHLAN
LAN
LAN
LAN
LAN
Broadcast domain
collision domain
collision domain collision domain
collision domain collision domain
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Contents1. Ethernet Concept2. Ethernet Port Technology
3. VLAN Basis
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Ethernet Connection Requirements Ethernet connection must ensure the performance of
the network Bandwidth Delay
Two methods to increase bandwidth for users: Increase the overall network bandwidth
Build switching Ethernet, and use bandwidth exclusively. Increase link rate: 10M--100M--1000M
Decrease the number of equipment attached to the same shared medium
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Technical Standard
Types of CableTransmission Distance
100BaseTX 2 pairs EIA/TIA Type 5 (UTP) Unshielded Twisted Pair 100m
100BaseT4 4 pairs EIA/TIA Type 3, 4 and 5 (UTP) Unshielded Twisted Pair 100m
100BaseFX Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF) cable 550m-2km
1000BaseCX Copper shielded twisted-pair 25m
1000BaseT Copper EIA/TIA Category 5 (UTP) Unshielded twisted-pair, 4 pair 100m
1000BaseSX Multi-mode fiber, 50/62.5um fiber, use 850nm laser 550m/275m
EIA: Electronics Industries AssociationTIA: Telecommunications Industries Association
Transmission Distance of Fast Ethernet
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page16
Contents1. Ethernet Concept2. Ethernet Port Technology3. VLAN Basis
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page17
Broadcast flooding is the main disadvantage of L2 switch
Disadvantage of Full Duplex and L2 Switch Full duplex and L2 make Ethernet progress, resolve
the conflict problem and improve the Ethernet performance. Furthermore the security is enhanced to some extent. But the following disadvantages are still in the Ethernet:
Broadcast flooding Security can’t be guaranteed completely
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…………
Cause of VLAN Generation---Broadcast Storm
broadcast
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Broadcast domain1VLAN 10Broadcast domain2
VLAN 20
Broadcast domain3VLAN 30
Engineering Department
Financial DepartmentMarketing Department
Prevent Broadcast Storm via VLAN
Prevent Broadcast Storm
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MAC VLANMAC A 5MAC B 10MAC C 5MAC D 10
MAC A MAC B MAC C MAC D
Switch
Port VLANPort 1 5Port 3 10Port 7 5
Port 10 10
PC A PC B PC C PC D
SwitchPort 1
Port 3Port 7
Port 10
VLAN Based on MAC or Port
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Protocol VLANIPX 5UDP 10IP 2
………. 11
IPX IP UDP IP
Switch
IP VLAN1.1.1.1/24 51.1.2.1/24 101.1.3.1/24 2
………. 11
1.1.1.1/24 1.1.2.1/241.1.3.1/242.1.1.1/24
Switch
VLAN Based on Protocol or Subnet
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Frame Format of VLAN DA SA Type Data CRC
Standard Ethernet Frame
DA SA Type Data CRCtag
TPID Priority CFI VLAN ID
TCI
Ethernet Frame with IEEE802.IQ FlagTPIDThe TPID is a 2-byte field, and it identifies an Ethernet frame as a tagged frame. The value is always 0x8100. When the network equipment that cannot identify the tagged frame receives the tagged frame, the equipment discards this frame.> PCPThe priority code point (PCP). This field can be used to provide the requirement for the service quality.> CFIit is a 1-bit filed, and it is used in certain physical networks that adopt the ring topology. This field is not processed in the Ethernet.l VIDThe VLAN ID is a 12-bit field
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VLAN 2 VLAN 1
VLAN 1 VLAN 2
Ethernet frame with VLAN tag 1
Ethernet frame with VLAN tag 2
Ethernet frame without VLAN
flag
Frame Changes in Network Communication
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Ethernet Card Port Tag Mode Packets
PortTag flag Untag flag
Tag aware (In) Transmit transparently Drop
Tag aware (Out) Transmit transparently -
Access (In) Drop Attach a Tag flag (default VLAN ID)
Access (Out) Remove the Tag flag (default VLAN ID) -
Hybrid (In) Transmit transparently Attach a Tag flag (default VLAN ID)
Hybrid (Out)
If VLAN ID is the same, remove the Tag flag, otherwise transmit
transparently
-
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IF_ETH Port
Tag Attributes
The IF_ETH port is an internal Ethernet port on the Hybrid IF board. In the transmit direction of Hybrid microwave, the Ethernet services transmitted to the MUX/DEMUX unit of the Hybrid IF board through the IF_ETH port and are then mapped into the Hybrid microwave frames. In the receive direction of Hybrid microwave, the Ethernet services are demapped from the Hybrid microwave frames and then transmitted to the packet switching unit through the IF_ETH port.The main differences between the IF_ETH port and the GE/FE port are as follows:>> The IF_ETH port is an internal Ethernet port. It transmits and receives MAC frames and does not have PHY-layer functions.>> The bandwidth over the IF_ETH port is equal to the Ethernet service bandwidth that the Hybrid microwave supports. Hence, when the AM function is enabled in the case of Hybrid microwave, the bandwidth over the IF_ETH port changes according to the modulation mode.
In the case of OptiX RTN 950, the VLAN tag is closely related to Encapsulation Type.>> When Encapsulation Type is set to Null or QinQ, the VLAN tag is invalid.>> When Encapsulation Type is set to 802.1Q, the VLAN tag can be set to Tag Aware, Access, or Hybrid.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page26
QinQ
> Ethernet frame with only a C-TAG the tagged frame defined in IEEE 802.1Q.> Format of the Ethernet frame with a C-TAG and an S-TAG the value of the TPID in the S-TAG is
0x88a8, whereasthe value of the TPID in the C-TAG is 0x8100.
> Format of the Ethernet frame with only an S-TAG
Network Attributes
The network attribute of each port can be set to UNI and NNI depending on how the port processes the C-TAG and S-TAG.)) UNI
By default, the UNI considers that the received frames do not carry any S-TAG. According to Encapsulation Type of Ethernet ports, the UNI is classified into two types:– Ports whose Encapsulation Type is NullThis port does not check the VLAN tags. Hence, all types of Ethernet frames can enter this port. This port supports the creation of PORT-based QinQ services and does not support the creation of PORT+CVLAN-based QinQ services.– Ports whose Encapsulation Type is 802.1QIn the case of QinQ services, when Encapsulation Type is 802.1Q, Tag must be set to Tag Aware. In this case, the port checks the outer VLAN tag that the Ethernet frames carry, and processes the outer VLAN tag as the C-VLAN tag. Hence, untagged frames cannot enter this port. This port supports the creation of both PORT-based QinQ services and PORT+CVLAN-based QinQ services.)) NNI By default, the NNI considers that the received frames carry the S-TAG. When Encapsulation Type is QinQ, the Ethernet port is an NNI. Only the NNI can be used to configure the QinQ link.
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E-Line Services QinQ-based E-Line service
UNI-UNI
Null (source)Null (sink)
802.1Q (source)
802.1Q (sink)
Point-to-point transparently
transmitted E-Line service
VLAN-based E-Line service
UNI-NNI
NNI-NNI
Null (source)QinQ (sink) 802.1Q (source)
QinQ (sink)
QinQ (source)QinQ (sink)
Traffi
c Fl
ow
PORT (source)PORT (sink)
[ source port transparently
transmits all the received
Ethernet frames to the sink port.]
Enca
psul
ati
on
[ source and Sink ports processes the received
Ethernet frames according to the tag attributes ofthe Ethernet frames ]
PORT (source)PORT (sink)
PORT+VLAN (source)
PORT+VLAN (sink)[ source and Sink ports processes the received
Ethernet frames according to the
[ tag attributes + comparison of Filtering table with traffic C-
VLAN ]
PORT (source)QinQ link (sink)[ source port addsthe SVLAN tag thatcorresponds to the
QinQ link into all theEthernet frames ]
PORT (source)QinQ link (sink)
[ source port accesses only the Ethernet frames that carry VLAN tags. It adds the SVLAN tag that corresponds to the QinQ link into all the Ethernet
frames ]PORT+CVLAN (source)
QinQ link (sink)[ The source port adds
the SVLAN tag that corresponds to the QinQ
link into all theEthernet frames that
carry the specific CVLAN tag
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A.Ethernet Private Line, B- Ethernet Private LAN.A-EPL “Ethernet Private Line “– Point to Point Communication.
Three major Mechanisms:-A.1-EPL – Transparent,
DirectionEncapsulation Flow
UNI - UNI NULL - NULL Port [ Source] – Port [ Sink ]
MAC1
MAC2
MAC2
MAC3
MAC3
A.2-EPL – 802.1Q,
NODirection Encapsulation Flow
1- UNI - UNI 802.1Q - 802.1Q Port [Source] – Port [Sink]
2- UNI - UNI 802.1Q - 802.1Q Port+CVLAN [Source] – Port+ CVLAN [Sink]
802.1Q
802.1Q
802.1Q
802.1Q
802.1Q
802.1Q
MAC1
MAC1
MAC2
MAC2
MAC3
MAC3MAC1
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A.3-EPL –QinQ, Direction Encapsulation Flow
1- UNI - NNI NULL - QinQ Port [Source] – QinQ [Sink]
2- UNI - NNI 802.1Q - QinQ Port [Source] – QinQ [Sink]
3- UNI - NNI 802.1Q - QinQ Port+CVLAN [Source] – QinQ [Sink]
4- NNI - NNI QinQ- QinQ Port+SVLAN [Source] – Port+ SVLAN [Sink]
MAC1
MAC1
MAC2
MAC2
MAC3MAC3
S-VLAN1
S-VLAN2
802.1Q
802.1Q
802.1Q
802.1Q
802.1Q
802.1Q
S-VLAN1
S-VLAN2
S-VLAN1
S-VLAN2
MAC1
MAC5
MAC3
MAC1
MAC2
MAC3
MAC4
MAC5
MAC4
MAC2
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QinQ link (source)QinQ link (sink)
The source port transmits the Ethernet frames that carry the SVLAN tags that correspond to the source QinQ link to the sink port where the sink QinQ link is configured. If the source and sink QinQ links correspond to different SVLAN tags, the SVLAN tags carried in the Ethernet frames are exchanged.
In the case of VLAN-based E-Line service models, the same VLAN tag generally needs to be configured for the source and sink. That is, the VLAN tag carried in the frames transmitted from the source should be the same as the VLAN tag carried in the frames received at the sink. If the frames need to carry different VLAN tags at the source and sink, you need to configure the VLAN forwarding table except in the case of an E-Line service wherein different VLAN tags are configured for the service source and sink. After the VLAN forwarding table is configured, the VLAN tags of the service source and sink are switched.
VLAN Forwarding Table
E-LAN ServicesBridge > Shared VLAN learning (SVL)it creates an entry according to the source MAC address and the source port of a packet. This entry is valid to all VLAN tags.> Independent VLAN learning (IVL)
The entry is according to the source MAC address, VLAN ID, and source port of a packet. This entry is valid to only this VLAN tag. bridge is available in three types, [ 802.1d, 802.1q, and 802.1ad ].
The switching domain of the bridge can be divided into several independent sub switching domains in different domain switching modes using the concept of Logical Port.
The logical port may be based on PORT, PORT+VLAN, PORT +CVLAN, or PORT+SVLAN. That is, a physical port can be mapped into several logical ports, which can be in the same sub switching domain or in different sub switching domains.
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Bridge Type802.1d Bridge
IVL
PORT
802.1q Bridge 802.1ad Bridge
SVLBr
oadc
ast
dom
ain
Type
of l
ogic
al
port
PORT+VLANPORT or PORT+CVLAN (UNI)PORT+SVLAN (UNI,NNI)
Entire bridgeAll the logical ports whose VLAN tag is the same as the VLAN tag carried in the Ethernet frame
All the logical ports whose SVLAN tag is the same as the SVLAN tag carried in the Ethernet frame
IEEE 802.1dBridge-Based ELAN Service
IEEE 802.1qBridge-Based ELAN Service
Enca
psul
atio
n ty
peTa
g ty
pe
Tag-Transparent
Null
C-Awared S-Awared
Null or 802.1Q Null or 802.1Q”(UNI)”Tage Aware
QinQ (NNI)
IEEE 802.1ad Bridge-Based ELAN
Service
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Configuration Example (Point-to-Point Transparently Transmitted E-Line Services)
Configuration Example (VLAN-Based E-Line Service)
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NE1 NE2
NE3 NE4
NE1
NE2
NE1
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Configuration Example (QinQ-Based E-Line Service) The VLANs used by the services on a BTS is allocated by the BTS. Hence, the VLANs of services on different BTSs may be the
same. To solve this problem, the BSC allocates an S-VLAN for each BTS, and the
S-VLANs on the entire network are planned in a unified manner,
NOTEIn this example, the BSC needs to be capable of processing the S-VLAN tag.
NE2
In this example, the SVLAN T-PID that the BSC can identify is 0x8100. Hence, you need to set QinQ Type Domain to 0x8100 for the two GE ports connecting to the BSC. The other NNI ports connect to internal equipment. Hence, you need to set QinQ Type Domain to 0x88a8 for the other NNI ports.
NE1
If the Ethernet services on each BTS do not contain any untagged frames, you can set Encapsulation Type to 802.1Q and set Tag to Tag Aware for the FE port that accesses the Ethernet services on each BTS.The IF_ETH ports connect to internal equipment. Hence, you need to set QinQ Type Domain to 0x88a8 for the IF_ETH ports.
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NE1
NE2
NE1
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Configurations of Various ServicesP2P/VLAN E-
LineQinQ-Based E-
LineIEEE 802.1d bridge-based E-LAN IEEE 802.1q bridge-based E-LAN IEEE 802.1ad bridge-based E-LAN
1 Setting the parameters of Ethernet ports
Setting the parameters of Ethernet ports
Setting the parameters of Ethernet ports
Setting the parameters of Ethernet ports
Setting the parameters of Ethernet ports
2 Setting the parameters of the IF_ETH ports
Setting the parameters of the IF_ETH ports
Setting the parameters of the IF_ETH ports
Setting the parameters of the IF_ETH ports
Setting the parameters of the IF_ETH ports
3 Configuring the LAG
① Configuring the LAG
① Configuring the LAG
① Configuring the LAG
① Configuring the LAG ①
4 Configuring the E-Line
Configuring the QinQ Link
Configuring the ERPS
① Configuring the ERPS
① Configuring the ERPS ①
5 Configuring the QoS
① Configuring the E-Line
Configuring the E-LAN
Configuring the E-LAN
Configuring the E-LAN
6 Verifying Ethernet service configurations
Configuring the QoS
① Configuring the QoS
① Configuring the QoS
① Configuring the QoS ①
7 Verifying Ethernet service configurations
Verifying Ethernet service configurations
Verifying Ethernet service configurations
Verifying Ethernet service configurationsNote:
① indicates that the configuration item is optional. Configure the services according to the service requirements.
Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
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The source port processes the incoming Ethernet frames based on its TAG attribute, and then sends the processed Ethernet frames to the sink port. The sink port processes the Ethernet frames based on its TAG attribute, and then exports the processed Ethernet frames.The source port processes the incoming Ethernet frames based on its TAG attribute, and then sends the Ethernet frames with a specific VLAN ID to the sink port. The sink portprocesses the Ethernet frames based on its TAG attribute, and then exports the processed Ethernet frames.
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Configurations of Ethernet Services
Setting the Parameters of Ethernet Ports Setting the Parameters of IF_ETH Ports Configuring the LAG Configuring the QinQ Link Configuring the E-Line Service Configuring the ERPS Configuring the E-LAN Service Configuring the QoS Verifying Ethernet Service Configurations
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Setting the Parameters of Ethernet Ports
Configuring the traffic control
Setting the advanced attributes
Setting general
attributes
P2P E-Line services:
VLAN-based E-Line services: QinQ-based E-Line services:
Setting the layer 2
attributesConfiguring the traffic control
Setting the advanced attributes
Setting general
attributes
Configuring the traffic control
Setting the advanced attributes
Setting general
attributes
IEEE 802.1d bridge-based E-LAN services:
IEEE 802.1q bridge-based E-LAN services: IEEE 802.1ad bridge-based E-LAN services:
Setting the layer 2
attributesConfiguring the traffic control
Setting the advanced attributes
Setting general
attributes
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Setting the layer 2 attributes
Configuring the traffic control
Setting the advanced attributes
Setting general attributesSetting the Parameters of Ethernet
Ports①
②
③④
⑤
Ports on an Ethernet board
IF_ETH ports
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Setting the layer 2 attributes
Configuring the traffic control
Setting the advanced attributes
Setting general attributes
Setting the Parameters of Ethernet Ports The general attributes of an Ethernet port define the physical-layer information, such as the port mode, encapsulation type, and maximum frame length.
In the case of used ports, set Enable Port to Enabled. In the case of unused ports, set Enable Port to Disabled. Encapsulation Type
In the case of P2P E-Line services and IEEE 802.1d bridge-based E-LAN services, set Encapsulation Type to Null. In the case of VLAN-based E-Line services and IEEE 802.1d bridge-based E-LAN services, set Encapsulation Type to 802.1q. In the case of QinQ-based E-Line services and IEEE 802.1ad bridge-based E-LAN services, if a UNI can access untagged frames, set Encapsulation Type to NULL. If a UNI can access tagged frames only, set Encapsulation Type to 802.1q. In the case of an NNI port, set Encapsulation Type to QinQ.
In the case of an Ethernet port that is connected to the external equipment, set Working Mode to a value the same as that of the external equipment. (Generally, Working Mode of the external equipment is set to Auto-Negotiation. In the case of the Ethernet ports within the network, set Working Mode to Auto-Negotiation. When JUMBO frames are transmitted, set Max Frame Length (byte) according to the actual length of the JUMBO frames. Otherwise, it is recommended that you set Max Frame Length (byte) to 1536.
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Setting the Parameters of Ethernet Ports
After the traffic control is enabled, if the link is congested, the Ethernet port sends the PAUSE frame to notify the peer end of stopping the transmission of Ethernet packets for a period, thus eliminating the link congestion. Required when the flow control function is enabled on the external equipment to which the Ethernet port is connected. Set the parameters as follows:
When the external equipment uses the non-auto-negotiation flow control function, set Non-Autonegotiation Flow Control Mode to Enable Symmetric Flow Control. When the external equipment uses the auto-negotiation flow control function, set Auto-Negotiation Flow Control Mode to Enable Symmetric Flow Control.
Setting the layer 2 attributes
Configuring the traffic control
Setting the advanced attributes
Setting general attributes
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Setting the Parameters of Ethernet Ports
For P2P E-Line services and IEEE 802.1d bridge-based E-LAN services: You do not need to set the layer 2 attributes. For VLAN-based E-Line services and IEEE 802.1 bridge-based E-LAN services: If all the accessed services carry VLAN tags (tagged frames), set Tag to Tag Aware. If none of the accessed services carries VLAN tags (untagged frames), set Tag to Access. If the access services contain both tagged frames and untagged frames, set Tag to Hybrid. Set Default VLAN ID and VLAN Priority according to the network planning information. For QinQ-based E-Line services and IEEE 802.1ad bridge-based E-LAN services: In the case of a UNI port, if Encapsulation Type is set to 802.1q, Tag must be set to Tag Aware (default value). In the case of an NNI port that is connected to the external equipment, set QinQ Type Domain according to the T-PID of the SVLAN that is supported by the external equipment. In the case of an NNI port within the network, set QinQ Type Domain to the default value.
Setting the layer 2 attributes
Configuring the traffic control
Setting the advanced attributes
Setting general attributes
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Setting the Parameters of Ethernet Ports
The advanced attributes of Ethernet ports are used to configure the MAC/PHY loopback and query the traffic rate on the ports. Required when you need to enable the port self-loop test and automatic loopback shutdown functions or to enable the broadcast packet suppression function. Set Loopback Check, Loopback Port Shutdown, Enabling Broadcast Packet Suppression, and Broadcast Packet Suppression Threshold according to the requirements.
Setting the layer 2 attributes
Configuring the traffic control
Setting the advanced attributes
Setting general attributes
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Configurations of Ethernet Services
Setting the Parameters of Ethernet Ports Setting the Parameters of IF_ETH Ports Configuring the LAG Configuring the QinQ Link Configuring the E-Line Service Configuring the ERPS Configuring the E-LAN Service Configuring the QoS Verifying Ethernet Service Configurations
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Setting the Parameters of IF_ETH PortsSetting the layer
2 attributes
Setting the advanced attributes
Setting general attributes
①
②
③④
⑤
Encapsulation Type In the case of P2P E-Line services and IEEE 802.1d bridge-based E-LAN services, set Encapsulation Type to Null. In the case of VLAN-based E-Line services and IEEE 802.1d bridge-based E-LAN services, set Encapsulation Type to 802.1q In the case of QinQ-based E-Line services and IEEE 802.1ad bridge-based E-LAN services, if a UNI can access untagged frames, set Encapsulation Type to NULL. If a UNI can access tagged frames only, set Encapsulation Type to 802.1q. In the case of an NNI port, set Encapsulation Type to QinQ
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The Layer 2 attributes of the IF-ETH port specify the relevant information about the link layer, including the tag attribute and QinQ type domain.
Setting the Parameters of IF_ETH PortsSetting the layer
2 attributes
Setting the advanced attributes
Setting general attributes
For P2P E-Line services and IEEE 802.1d bridge-based E-LAN services: You do not need to set the layer 2 attributes. For VLAN-based E-Line services and IEEE 802.1 bridge-based E-LAN services: If all the accessed services carry VLAN tags (tagged frames), set Tag to Tag Aware. If none of the accessed services carries VLAN tags (untagged frames), set Tag to Access. If the access services contain both tagged frames and untagged frames, set Tag to Hybrid. Set Default VLAN ID and VLAN Priority according to the network planning information. For QinQ-based E-Line services and IEEE 802.1ad bridge-based E-LAN services: In the case of a UNI port, if Encapsulation Type is set to 802.1q, Tag must be set to Tag Aware (default value). In the case of an NNI port that is connected to the external equipment, set QinQ Type Domain according to the T-PID of the SVLAN that is supported by the external equipment. In the case of an NNI port within the network, set QinQ Type Domain to the default value.
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When the IF_ETH port transmits an Ethernet service that permits bit errors, such as a voice service or a video service, you can set Error Frame Discard to Disabled.
Setting the Parameters of IF_ETH Ports
Setting the layer 2 attributes
Setting the advanced attributes
Setting general attributes
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Configurations of Ethernet Services
Setting the Parameters of Ethernet Ports Setting the Parameters of IF_ETH Ports Configuring the LAG Configuring the QinQ Link Configuring the E-Line Service Configuring the ERPS Configuring the E-LAN Service Configuring the QoS Verifying Ethernet Service Configurations
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Configuring the QinQ Link Configuring the QinQ link is prerequisite for configuring QinQ private line services and
802.1ad bridge services. ①
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Configuring the QinQ Link
QinQ Link ID specifies the ID of a QinQ link. Value range: 1 to 4294967295. Board specifies the board that carries the QinQ link. The Encapsulation Type of the port must be set to QinQ during the configuration of port parameters. Port specifies the port that carries the QinQ link. The Encapsulation Type of the port must be set to QinQ during the configuration of port parameters. S-Vlan ID specifies the VLAN ID (at the network operator side) for the QinQ link. This parameter is set according to the planning information.
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Configurations of Ethernet Services
Setting the Parameters of Ethernet Ports Setting the Parameters of IF_ETH Ports Configuring the LAG Configuring the QinQ Link Configuring the E-Line Service Configuring the ERPS Configuring the E-LAN Service Configuring the QoS Verifying Ethernet Service Configurations
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Configuring the E-Line Service
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Configuring the P2P Transparently Transmitted E-Line Service (1)
Set Service ID/Service Name according to the design. Set Direction to UNI-UNI. Except for QinQ-based E-Line services, select UNI-UNI for all the other E-Line services.
Select a source port and a sink port. Select a board from the Board drop-down list, and then select an available port.
The values of the Encapsulation Type parameter of the ports must be the same.
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Configuring the P2P Transparently Transmitted E-Line Service (2)
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Configuring the VLAN-Based E-Line Service (1)
Set Service ID/Service Name according to the design. Set Direction to UNI-UNI. Except for QinQ-based E-Line services, select UNI-UNI for all the other E-Line services. Select a source port and a sink port. Then, configure the source VLAN and the sink VLAN.
Select a source port and a sink port. Select a board from the Board drop-down list, and then select an available port.
The values of the Encapsulation Type parameter of the ports must be the same.
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Configuring the VLAN-Based E-Line Service (2)
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Configuring the QinQ-Based E-Line Service (1)
Click Sink. In the dialog box that is displayed, select the selected QinQ link and click OK.
If you forgot to create a QinQ link, create one by clicking Create QinQ Link.
Set Service ID/Service Name according to the design. Set Direction to UNI-UNI or NNI-NNI. UNI-NNI indicates that services are accessed through ports to the QinQ link. Both source and sink of NNI-NNI are the QinQ Link. Select a source port and a sink port. If Direction is set to UNI-UNI, the source is a port and the sink is the QinQ link. If Direction to NNI-NNI, both the source and the sink are QinQ link.
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Configuring the QinQ-Based E-Line Services (2)
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A- Split Horizon Group – “Service level for loop prevention “
To isolate services and to prevent broadcast storms due to a service loop, The logical ports that are assigned in the same split horizon group cannot forward frames to each other.
When the ERPS protection is enabled for the ring network, the ERPS protocol ensures that no service loop is generated. If the split horizon group is configured in this case, it affects the ERPS protection.The OptiX RTN 950 supports only the split horizon group that is configured according the physical ports. Hence, if one of the logical ports that correspond to a physical port is configured as a member of a split horizon group, the other logical ports are automatically added to the split horizon group.B- Management of the MAC Address Table
Entries of a MAC address table provide the mapping relations between MAC addresses and ports. The entries can be classified into the following categories:> Dynamic entryObtained through the SVL/IVL mode. The dynamic entry may age or lost after the packet switching unit is reset.The aging time of a MAC address table is five minutes by default. The OptiX RTN 950 supports enabling/disabling the aging function and setting the aging time for the MAC address table.> Static entryA static entry, which corresponds to a specific MAC address and port, is manually added by the network administrator into the MAC address table by using the NMS. The static entry does not age, and is also not lost after the packet switching unit is reset. It is needed when MAC address is known, and on which there is large volume of traffic for a long time.> Blacklist entryA blacklist entry is used to discard the data frame that contains the specified MAC address, namely, The blackhole entry does not age, and is also not lost after the packet switching unit is reset.
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C- Protection for Ethernet Services 1- Ethernet ring protection switching (ERPS), 2- link aggregation (LAG), 3- multiple spanning tree protocol (MSTP).
ERPScan provide protection for the E-LAN services between all the nodes on the ring network.
RPL node
Protection Instance Protection Type R-APS Message R-APS Timer Switching Condition
Switching Impact Availability
Relation with Other Features Realization Principle
Refer to appendix-A for detailed description of above items.
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Configurations of Ethernet Services
Setting the Parameters of Ethernet Ports Setting the Parameters of IF_ETH Ports Configuring the LAG Configuring the QinQ Link Configuring the E-Line Service Configuring the ERPS Configuring the E-LAN Service Configuring the QoS Verifying Ethernet Service Configurations
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Configuring the ERPS①
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Configuring the ERPS Set ERPS ID according to the design. The ERPS ID must be unique. The value of ERPS ID ranges from 1 to 8. East/West port: specifies the east/west port of the ERPS instance. RPLOwner Ring Node Flag: specifies whether a node on the ring is the ring protection link (RPL) owner. Only one node on the Ethernet ring can be set as the RPL owner. RPL Port: specifies the RPL port. Control VLAN: specifies the VLAN ID of Control VLAN. Each node on the Ethernet ring transmits the R-APS packets on the dedicated ring APS (R-APS) channel to ensure consistency between the nodes when the ERPS switching is performed. Control VLAN is used for isolating the dedicated R-APS channel. Therefore, the VLAN ID in Control VLAN cannot be duplicate with the VLAN IDs that are contained in the service packets or inband DCN packets. Destination Node: displays the MAC address of the destination node. The default destination MAC address in the R-APS packets is always 01-19-A7-00-00-01.
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Configuring the ERPS
Hold-Off Time: specifies the hold-off time of the ERPS hold-off timer. If only the ERPS exists, set this parameter to 0. If the ERPS coexists with the LAG protection, set this parameter to 500 ms. Guard Time: specifies the guard time of the EPRS guard timer. It is recommended that you use the default value 500 ms. Entity Level: specifies the level of the maintenance entity according to the design.
WTR Time: specifies the WTR time of the WTR timer in the case of ERPS protection. It is recommended that you use the default value 5. Packet Transmit Interval: specifies the interval for transmitting the R-APS packets. It is recommended that you use the default value 5.
>noRB: The RPL is not blocked.>RB (RPL Blocked): The RPL is blocked.
> noDNF: The R-APS packets do not contain the DNF flag. In this case, the packets are forwarded by the node that detects the fault on a non-RPL link, and the node that receives the packets is requested to clear the forwarding address table.> DNF: not to clear the forwarding address table.
Idle: = normal stateProtection: : = other transition state
the MAC addressof the source node that initiates the switching request.
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LAG
LAG provides the following functions:
Increased bandwidthaggregation module distributes the traffic to different members by using the load sharing algorithm, thus realizing the load sharing function at the link level.
> increased availabilityThe links in a LAG dynamically back up each other. When a link fails, another link in the LAG quickly replaces the faulty link.
LAG Types Port Types Switching Condition Availability Relation with Other Features
By aggregation type, >> [ manual aggregation and static aggregation.] By load type, >> [ load sharing and load non-sharing.]
LAG Types
## Manual aggregationWhen a user adds or deletes a member port, the LACP protocol is not started. A port is in the up or down state. The system determines whether to perform aggregation depending on the physical status of a port (up or down).
## Static aggregationWhen a user adds or deletes a member port, the LACPprotocol is started. A port can be in the selected or standby state.The LACP protocol determines the active and inactive links in the aggregation group. Static aggregation is more accurate and more effective than manual aggregation in controlling link aggregation.
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$$ Load sharingEach member link in a LAG carries traffic. That is, the member links in the LAG share the load. When a member in aLAG changes or a certain link fails, the traffic is re-allocated automatically.The load sharing algorithms are as follows:– AUTO– Based on MAC addresses, including the source MAC address, destination MAC address, and source MAC address Xor destination MAC address.– Based on IP addresses, including the source IP address, destination IP address, and source IP address Xor destination IP address.
> Load non-sharingOnly one member link in a LAG carries traffic and the other links in the LAG are in the standby state. This is equivalent to 1:NBut OptiX RTN 950 can be configured with only one active link and one standby link.In this mode, the LAG can be set to revertive or non-revertive.
Port Types
MAIN PORT> it represents the LAG to participate in service configuration.> A LAG has exactly one main port.
> The main port can either in the selected state [the port can bear services] or in the standby state [the port cannot bear services], independent of the port status.
The main port must be in the affiliated aggregation group until the aggregation group is deleted.
> When the aggregation group is deleted, all the services in the aggregation group continue to exist on the main port and no services are lost.
SLAVE PORT> The slave port cannot participate in service configuration.
> A LAG can have several slave ports.
> The slave port can either in the selected state [bear service] or in the standby state [does not bear service].
> A slave port can be added to/deleted dynamically from the LAG by using the NMS.
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Switching Condition
Switching Impact not longer than 500 ms),
Availability EM6T , EM6F , IFU2 , IFX2
> When you create a 1+1 HSB/FD/SD protection group of the Hybrid radio, the NE automatically creates a LAG in non-load sharing mode. The main port is the IF_ETH port on the main IF board and the slave port is the IF_ETH port on the standby IF board. The LAG is not displayed on the NMS and cannot be configured manually.
> When you create an N+1 protection group of the Hybrid radio, the NE automatically creates a LAG in load sharing mode. By default, the main port is the IF_ETH port on the IF boardwith the smallest slot ID. The LAG is not displayed on the NMS and cannot be configured manually.
> When you create one XPIC protection group of the Hybrid radio, manually create the LAG because the NE does not automatically create a corresponding LAG.
> One LAG can be a member of an MSTP port group.
> One LAG can be a member of an IGMP Snooping multicast group.
> Air interfaces can be configured into a LAG. The AM attribute, channel spacing, modulation scheme, and preset number of E1 services must be set to the same values for the two IF ports in a LAG.
> Ethernet ports of the same type can be aggregated into a LAG. FE ports and GE ports cannot be aggregated.
Relation with Other Features
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Configurations of Ethernet Services
Setting the Parameters of Ethernet Ports Setting the Parameters of IF_ETH Ports Configuring the LAG Configuring the QinQ Link Configuring the E-Line Service Configuring the ERPS Configuring the E-LAN Service Configuring the QoS Verifying Ethernet Service Configurations
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Configuring the LAG Link aggregation allows multiple links that are attached to the same equipment to be aggregated to form a link
aggregation group (LAG) so that the bandwidths and availability of the links increase. The aggregated links can be considered as a single logical link. Required if the LAG is configured to protect the FE/GE ports or if the Hybrid radio uses the N+0/XPIC configuration mode.
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Configuring the LAG Manually enter the number of the LAG. This parameter is valid only when Automatically Assign is not selected. Set the name of the LAG. It is recommended that you set LAG Name in a form of LAG_No. Set LAG Type to the same value as the opposite equipment. Generally, set LAG Type to Static for the equipment at both ends. In the case of FE/GE ports, set Load Sharing to the same value as the opposite equipment. If the LAG is configured only to realize protection, it is commended that you set Load Sharing to Non-Sharing for the equipment at both ends. If the LAG is configured to increase the bandwidth, it is recommended that you set Load Sharing to Sharing for the equipment at both ends. When the Hybrid microwave uses the N+0/XPIC configuration mode, set Load Sharing to Sharing for the equipment at both ends. Set Revertive Mode to the same value as the opposite equipment. Generally, set Revertive Mode to Revertive for the equipment at both ends. This parameter is valid to only LAGs whose Set Load Sharing to Non-Sharing. Set System Priority to the default value. This parameter is valid to only static LAGs. Set Main Board, Main Port, and Selected Slave Ports according to the planning information. It is recommended that you set this parameter to the same value for the main and slave ports of the LAGs at both ends. The Hybrid/AM attributes of the IF ports in the LAGs must be the same.
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Configuring the LAG
Port Priority indicates the priorities of the ports in a LAG as defined in the LACP protocol. The smaller the value, the higher the priority. When ports are added into a LAG, the port of the highest priority is preferred for service transmission.
Set System Load Sharing Hash Algorithm to the same value as that of the opposite equipment. Unless otherwise specified, this parameter takes the default value. This parameter is valid to only LAGs whose “Load Sharing” is set to Sharing. The load sharing computation methods include:MAC address specific allocation (based on the source MAC address, destination MAC address, and XOR between source MAC address and source MAC address), IP address specific allocation (based on the source IP address, destination IP address, and XOR between source IP address and destination IP address).
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MSTP MSTP maximizes the usage of link bandwidths by setting up several independent spanning trees.
The spanning tree topology can be configured in the case of a bridge fault or a route interruption. In this manner, protection is provided. Temporary data loops can be prevented by automatically accepting the bridges and ports of the bridges that are newly added into the LAN.
> A small part of the available link bandwidths is used to create or maintain the spanning tree, and the bandwidth does not increase with the expanding network scale.
> The MSTP classifies a switching network into different regions. Each region is called an MST region. Within each region, multiple spanning trees exist and they are independent from each other. Each spanning tree is called a multiple spanning tree instance (MSTI).
> In the case of the MSTP, the VLAN mapping table is configured to specify the mapping relations between VLANs and MSTIs. Within an MST region, each VLAN corresponds to one MSTI. That is, the data from the same VLAN can be transmitted only on the same MSTI. One MSTI, however, may correspond to multiple VLANs.
MSTI
VLAN2VLAN1 VLAN3
MST
MSTI
VLAN
> MSTI 1 uses switch A as the root switch to forward packets of VLAN 1.
> MSTI 2 uses switch C as the root switch to forward packets of VLAN 2.
MSTI1 > VLAN1 MSTI2 > VLAN2
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Optix-910 and 950 supports only CIST.For more data refer to appendix A.
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Configuration Example (802.1d-Bridge-Based E-LAN Service)
NE1
In this example, all the services are aggregated on NE1. Hence, the NE that is farthest from NE1 needs to function as the RPL owner. In this way, when the ring network is normal, the traffic carried on each link is relatively even.
In this example, ERPS is adopted to prevent network loop. Therefore, the split horizon group cannot be used.
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Configurations of Ethernet Services
Setting the Parameters of Ethernet Ports Setting the Parameters of IF_ETH Ports Configuring the LAG Configuring the QinQ Link Configuring the E-Line Service Configuring the ERPS Configuring the E-LAN Service Configuring the QoS Verifying Ethernet Service Configurations
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Configuring the E-LAN Service
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Configuring the 802.1d Bridge-Based E-LAN Service (1)
Set Service ID/Service Name according to the design. Select Tag-Transparent from the Tag Type drop-down list. Set whether to enable the MAC address self-learning function. If the MAC self-learning function of an Ethernet LAN is enabled, the Ethernet LAN learns an MAC address according to the original MAC address in the packet and automatically refreshes the MAC address forwarding table.
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Select a board from the Board drop-down list.
Select a port of the board. Click the right arrow to add the selected port to the list of selected ports.
Configuring the 802.1d Bridge-Based E-LAN Service (2)
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Configured ports
Click Next.
Configuring the 802.1d Bridge-Based E-LAN Service (3)
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Create a split horizon group as required.
Configuring the 802.1d Bridge-Based E-LAN Service (4)
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Select Split Horizon Group to create a split horizon group as required. Split Horizon Group ID: The default value is 1. It cannot be set manually. Split Horizon Group Member: The port members that are added to the same split horizon group cannot communicate with each other.
Configuring the 802.1d Bridge-Based E-LAN Service (5)
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Configuration Example (802.1q-Bridge-Based E-LAN Service)
NE1
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Configuring the 802.1q Bridge-Based E-LAN Service (1)
Set Service ID/Service Name according to the design. Select C-Awared from the Tag Type drop-down list. Set whether to enable the MAC address self-learning function. If the MAC self-learning function of an Ethernet LAN is enabled, the Ethernet LAN learns an MAC address according to the original MAC address in the packet and automatically refreshes the MAC address forwarding table.
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Configuring the 802.1q Bridge-Based E-LAN Service (2)
Configure the UNI port. Select a board from the Board drop-down list, and then select a port. Set VLAN of each port according to the design.
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Configuring the 802.1q Bridge-Based E-LAN Service (3)
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Configuring the 802.1q Bridge-Based E-LAN Service (4)
Select Split Horizon Group to create a split horizon group as required. The port members that are added to the same split horizon group cannot communicate with each other.
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Configuration Example (802.1ad-Bridge-Based E-LAN Service)> Each BTS independently plans VLANs for its services.
> The BSC needs to be capable of processing the S-VLAN tag.> The BSC allocates an S-VLAN to each BTS, and the S-VLANs on the entire network are planned in a unified manner.> The Ethernet services on the ring network need to be protected.
NE1
NE2
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Configuring the 802.1ad Bridge-Based E-LAN Service (1)
In the case of the 802.1ad bridge-based E-LAN services, configure the UNI port and the NNI port. Configure the UNI port first.
Set Service ID/Service Name according to the design. Select S-Awared from the Tag Type drop-down list. Set whether to enable the MAC address self-learning function. If the MAC self-learning function of an Ethernet LAN is enabled, the Ethernet LAN learns an MAC address according to the original MAC address in the packet and automatically refreshes the MAC address forwarding table.
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Configuring the 802.1ad Bridge-Based E-LAN Service (2)
Configure the UNI port. Select a board from the Board drop-down list, and then select a port. Set S-VLAN of each port according to the design.
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Configuring the 802.1ad Bridge-Based E-LAN Service (3)
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Configuring the 802.1ad Bridge-Based E-LAN Service (4)
Configure the UNI port. Select a board from the Board drop-down list, and then select a port. Set S-VLAN of each port according to the design.
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Configuring the 802.1ad Bridge-Based E-LAN Service (5)
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Configuring the 802.1ad Bridge-Based E-LAN Service (6)
Select Split Horizon Group to create a split horizon group as required. The port members that are added to the same split horizon group cannot communicate with each other.
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Mixed Study configuration case
Untagged traffic 10 Mbps
Tagged V2 traffic 10 Mbps
Tagged V3 traffic 10 Mbps
Tagged V4 traffic 10 Mbps
2E1 services
Configuration scenarios:-
1- NE1—NE2 BW = 50 M.RNC supposed to receive aggregated traffic of Vlan-2 from Node-B_1 and Node-B_2 with rate 20 MBps.
2- NE1---NE2 BW has been reduced to 40M due to AM-DOWNSHIFT with V3 , V4 has the hier priorities.
NE2 NE1
NE3
NE4
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Appendix A [ ERPS ] Protection Instance
Ethernet ring node, ring link, ring protection link (RPL), RPL owner, and east (E) ports and west (W) ports at each Ethernet ring node are defined.
Only one RPL is available on one Ethernet ring.
A ring port can be an FE port, a GE port, or a radio port. The OptiX RTN 950 does not support Ethernet tangent rings or Ethernet intersecting rings. That is, different protection instances of the ERPS cannot contain one or more same ring ports.
Protection Type The ERPS is revertive.
R-APS Message01-19-A7-00-00-01.
>> The ring nodes transmit R-APS messages on the specific R-APS channel to ensure that all the ring nodes perform consistent operations to complete the ERPS. The frame format of the R-APS message is a type of ETH-OAM frame formats.
>> An R-APS message uses afixed default MAC destination address,
>> An R-APS message also contains a VLAN ID, which identifies an R-APS message from the Ethernet service message and inband DCN message.
>> Through different VLAN IDs, R-APS messages and Ethernet service messages can be separately transmitted over isolated VLAN channels.
>> To prevent messages from forming loops, the blocked ports on the R-APS channel and on the Ethernet service channel must be the same. That is, the same ring port is blocked for the R-APS channel and the Ethernet service channel.
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> R-APS (SF) message: A node detecting an SF condition transmits the R-APS (SF) message. The other ring nodes that receive the R-APS (SF) message are informed that a remote node is faulty.
> R-APS (NR, RB) message: The RPL owner transmits the R-APS (NR, RB) message. The other ring nodes that receive the R-APS (NR, RB) message are informed that the Ethernetring is normal and the RPL connection point on the remote RPL owner is blocked.
> R-APS (NR) message: A node that detects fault recovery transmits the R-APS (NR) message. Nodes that receive the R_APS (NR) message are informed that the switching trigger condition at the remote end is cleared.
If an R-APS message contains the DNF flag (that is, the value of the DNF field is equal to 1), a node that detects the fault on the RPL transmits this message. The node that receives this message is informed that it should not empty the MAC address table.R-APS Timer
Guard Timer WTR Timer Holdoff Timer
is used to prevent ring nodes from receiving outdated R-APS messages. When a faulty node detects that the switching condition is cleared, it starts the guard timer and starts to forward the R-APS (NR) message. When the guard timer is running, the ring node discards the R-APS message that arrives. When the guard timer expires, the received R-APS message is forwarded.10 ms steps between 10 ms and 2s, with a default value of 500 ms.
When the former working channelis restored to normal, the WTR timer on the RPL owner is started. and WTR timer running signal is continuously generated. When the WTR timer expires and no switching request of a higher priority is received, a WTR expire signal is continuously generated.
To adjust the switching sequence between the ERPS and other coexisting protection schemes. The holdoff timer allows a fault that triggers another protectionswitching (for example, the LAG protection) to be rectified before ERPS switching. When the ring node detects one or more new faults, the holdoff timer is started. When the holdoff timer is running, the fault is not reported to the ERPS scheme for processing. When the holdoff timer expires, the link status is checked regardless of whether the fault that starts the timer persists. If the fault persists, the fault isreported to the ERPS scheme for protection switching. The reported fault may not be the same as the fault that starts the holdoff timer.100 ms steps between 0s and 10s with an accuracyof ±5 ms. The default value is 0s.
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Switching ConditionLocal SF – When a ring node detects the local SF condition on one of its ring ports, the ring node blocks the
service channel and R-ASP channel of this ring port.– In this case, the two ring ports on this ring node transmit the R-APS (SF) message.– The local SF condition enables the ring node to empty the MAC address table.– SF switching is triggered when any of the following alarms is reported: hardware fault on the IF board or theIF unit, hardware fault on the ODU, VOLT_LOS (on the IF board), RADIO_TSL_HIGH, RADIO_TSL_LOW,RADIO_RSL_HIGH, RADIO_RSL_HIGH, R_LOC, R_LOF, MW_LOF, MW_BER_EXC, BIP_EXC, andMW_FECUNCOR - ETH_LOS or ETH_LINK_DOWN
Reception ofthe R-APS(SF)
- When an RPL owner receives the R-APS (SF) message and does not receive a local switching request of a higher priority, the RPL owner unblocks the RPL connection point that is already blocked and thus connects the service channel on the RPL.- When an RPL owner receives the R-APS (SF) message and the local SF condition persists, the RPL owner ignores the R-APS (SF) message.- When the other ring nodes receive the R-APS (SF) message that does not contain the DNF flag, these ring nodes empty their MAC address tables.- When the other ring nodes receive the R-APS (SF) message that contains the DNF flag, these ring nodes do not empty their MAC address tables.
WTR timerExpired
>> When a ring node detects that the local SF condition on another ring node is cleared, this ring node continuouslytransmits the R-APS (NR) message, through its two ring ports, to the Ethernet ring to inform that no switching request exists at the local end. In addition, this ring node starts the guard timer.>> On the reception of the R-APS (NR) message, the RPL owner starts the WTR timer. During the duration period ofthe WTR timer, the reception of the R-APS (SF) message or the generation of the local SF condition at the RPL owner stops the WTR timer.>> When the WTR timer expires and a trigger condition of a higher priority does not exist, the RPL owner blocks theservice channel on the RPL and then transmits the R-APS (NR, RB) message, through its two ring ports, to the Ethernet ring to inform that the RPL is blocked. In addition, the RPL owner empties the MAC address table.
Q- in case of DNF =0 , does the static entries in MAC Table erased ??
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Reception ofthe R-APS (NR,
RB)>> When the other ring nodes receive the R-APS (NR, RB) message that does not contain the DNF flag, all the ring nodes on which the local SF condition does not exist unblock all the non-RPLs that are blocked and empty their MAC address tables.>> If the R-APS (NR, RB) message is received after all the preceding actions are performed, the ring node no longer empties its MAC address table.
Switching Impact (less than 100 ms).
Availability EM6T , EM6F , IFU2 , IFX
The ERPS is associated with the 1+1 protection, LAG, and SNCP.* The 1+1 Hybrid radio link can function as the ring link or ring protection link in the ERPS protection.* The FE/GE link in the LAG or the 1+1 Hybrid radio link can function as the ring link or ring protection link in the ERPS protection.* The Hybrid microwave ring can use the SNCP and ERPS to respectively protect the E1 services and Ethernet services on the ring.
Relation with Other Features
Realization Principle
Scenario 2Scenario 1
(in the case of a fault on a non-RPL link) (in the case of a fault on an-RPL link)
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3. NE A and NE B detect the local SF condition. After the holdoff timer expires, NE A andNE B block the ports that are connected to the faulty link and empty the MAC address table.
4. NE A and NE B keep transmitting the R-APS (SF) message to the Ethernet ring periodicallywhen the SF condition persists.5. The ring nodes that receive the R-APS (SF) message empty their MAC address tables.When the RPL owner receives the R-APS (SF) message, it unblocks the blocked RPL connection point.
6. The ERPS is complete and the ring becomes stable.8. NE A and NE B detect that the SF condition is cleared. In this case, NE A and NE B startthe guard timer and start to periodically transmit the R-APS (NR) message the other ring nodes.9. When the RPL owner receives the R-APS (NR) message, it starts the WTR timer. Afterthe WTR timer expires, the RPL owner blocks the RPL connection point. In addition, theRPL owner starts to transmit the R-APS (NR, RB) message and empties the MAC addresstable.10. When NE A and NE B receive the R-APS (NR, RB) message, they unblock the blocked ring ports and stop transmitting the R-APS (NR) message. In addition, NE A, NE B, and NE C empty their MAC address tables.
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Scenario 2Can you guess the realization
Principle in that case. ?
Relevant AlarmsMULTI_RPL_OWNERThe MULTI_RPL_OWNER indicates that more than one RPL owner node exists on the Ethernet ring network.
Root causes of ERPS failure1- Hold-Off Time(ms) is set to a value longer than the permitted delay time.
2- Two or more Ethernet links on the Ethernet ring network are faulty [The ERPS provides protection only against one link failure.]
3- Control VLAN is the same as service or Inband DCN VLAN.
4- ERPS parameters are not set to the same values for each node
5- Different ERPS protection instances use one or more same ring ports.
6- More than one RPL owner node is configured on the Ethernet ring network.
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Appendix B [ MSTP ]
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