3-D Scanning for Corridor Mapping & Right of Way Usage Presented by: Martin R. Stoughton, PLS...

3-D Scanning for Corridor Mapping & Right of Way Usage

Presented by:

Martin R. Stoughton, PLS

910-520-1655

mstoughton@mckimcreed.com

Early Data Collection Techniques- How we got here

Timeline of LiDAR Technology

Terminology of LiDAR Technology

Mobile Mapping and AirBorne LiDAR Systems– Limitations of Mobile Mapping– Advantages of Mobile Mapping– Sample Right of Way Project– Other LiDAR Applications– Data Extraction and Software Applications

Quick Outline

Ancient Past- The Groma

Roman line of sight surveying instrument for straight roads or right angle construction

Distant Past Lewis & Clark Expedition

Compass and Chain surveys

Mid 19th Century

Railroads Mapped with Transits and Levels

Early PhotogrammetryProfessor Thaddeus Lowe ascending in the Intrepid to observe the Battle of Fair Oaks

Earliest known Aerial Photo: 1860 Downtown Boston

Timeline of Technology

1904: “Telemobiloscope” (first form of RADAR sensor) developed by Christian Huelsmeyer.

1917: Albert Einstein first theorized about the process that makes lasers possible.

1960: Operable laser invented by Theodore Maiman.

1960: The first navigation satellite TRANSIT IB is launched for use by the U.S. Navy to accurately locate ballistic missile submarines and ships.

1969: Scientist measure the distance between the earth and moon.

1978: The first GPS Block I satellite is launched. Block I comprised of 10 developmental satellites launched from 1978 through 1989.

1983: President Ronald Reagan declassifies NAVSTAR; GPS becomes available to civilians.

1990: NAVSTAR GPS becomes operational.

1990s: LiDAR sensors capable of up to 25,000 pulses per second commercially available.

Terminology

LiDAR Light Detection And Ranging

MTLS Mobile Terrestrial Laser Scanning

MMS Mobile Mapping System

3dLS 3d Laser Scanning

LAS LiDAR native file format

Point Cloud All XYZ points captured with LiDAR sensor

Classified Point Cloud Point Cloud classified, typically includes (at minimum) Ground and Other

Intensity Strength of reflectivity of returning pulse, recorded as a numerical value and converted to 8-bit image

Mobile LiDAR Platforms Mobile LiDAR Platforms

Mobile Mapping Mobile Mapping SystemSystem

Mobile Mapping Mobile Mapping SystemSystem

LiDAR Sensors

• 2 GPS units

• Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)

• Distance Measurement Instrument (DMI)

• 2 Digital Cameras

• 2 LiDAR Scanners

• Each collecting 200,000 points per second

• Mounted to collect all data in a single pass

• 360 degree field of view

IMU

GPS Antenna

DMI

Aerial LiDAR Platforms

Reigl 680i LiDAR

Onboard GPS

Inertial Measurement Unit

Lidar Sensor

•Intensity

•Multiple Return

Ground based GPS

Gimbal Video

TASE 150TASE stabilized camera gimbals are designed to support the aerial oil/gas pipeline and electrical transmission and distribution inspection mission. Pipeline and power line owners rely on airborne imaging to identify and document issues along their property right-of-way.

Using high-quality daylight and thermal imagery, TASE gimbals provide a reliable asset for airborne inspection of pipeline & power lines for early detection of failure points, right-of-way monitoring, vegetation management, supplementing LiDAR operations, storm response and recovery, as well as pipeline leaks or oil spills.

Conductor from 524 ft away

Short Wave Infrared (SWIR)

• Line-of-Sight

• Traffic

• Topography

• Weather Considerations

• Rain

• Fog

• Standing Water

• Sky-line Visibility

• Urban Canyons

• Steep Terrain

Limitations of Mobile Scanning

Advantages of Mobile Scanning

• Safety

• Schedule

• Survey Grade Accuracy

• Data extracted with calibrated photos

• Cost Effective because more efficient data collection equates to cost saving

• “Scan in the Can” lends to future data extraction without further field visits

• Video & Imagery

• Deliverables in standard formats

Data Collection Field to Finish

3 Phases

Phase 1 – Field Collection and Initial Processing

Phase 2 – Post Process to Project Datum

Phase 3 – Extraction and Mapping

Software Programs

Phase 1 – Field Collection

PosView

Lynx Survey

PosPac

DashMap

DiskExtract

ImageExtract

QT Modeler

Decode32

LynxView

PhotoLapse 3

GPS Software

Phase 2 – Post Processing

Microstation

TerraScan

TerraMatch

TerraPhoto

CorpsCon 6.0

UltraEdit

Phase 3 – Extraction/Mapping

Cyclone

TopoDOT

Virtual Geomatics

TerraSolid

ESRI

Project WorkflowRaw Data to LAS Files

Final LAS Files

Phase II

Ground Scan-to-Scan Corrections

Phase I

Known Tie Line Corrections

Tiles – Raw

In Local Project DatumTiles – Raw

In State Plane Grid

Initial Process to UTM Coordinate

(Source Files)

Raw Data(20 GB)

If Local

System

Purpose of Project

Provide on-site positional references of the corridor boundary for future railroad engineering and planning.

Encourage use of edge of corridor monumentation for safety reasons, in lieu of track centerline.

To establish permanent railroad corridor monumentation, thereby reducing track shift errors associated with future improvements.

Railroad Corridor

Extracting Centerline Data

Extracting Centerline Data

Extracting Centerline Data

ROW Encroachments

ROW Monumentation

Mobile Scanning – Rail Corridors

Sample ApplicationsSample ApplicationsSample ApplicationsSample Applications

Survey Grade Accuracy Engineering topographic surveys As-built surveys Structures and bridge clearance surveys Deformation surveys Forensic surveys

Mapping Grade Accuracy Corridor study and planning surveys Asset inventory and managementEnvironmental SurveysSight distance analysisEarthwork SurveysUrban mappingCoastal zone erosion analysis

Utility LocationUtility Location

Asset Inventory

RoadwaysRoadways

Beach ProjectsBeach Projects

BridgesBridges

RailroadsRailroads

Software Application to Simulate Flood

Data ExtractionGIS Application

Data ExtractionRoadway Application

Data ExtractionSign Inventory

Data ExtractionSign Inventory

Data ExtractionUtility Inventory

3D Scanning (As-built Surveys)

Example CAD Deliverables

Questions & Answers