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2.4GHz is Dead: Abandoning the 2.4GHz ISM Band for Greener Wi-‐Fi Pastures
At Least on Life Support..
Dead Like PIFS
• PenetraDon – 2.4GHz has 4.3X beGer penetraDon in open space than 5GHz
• Interference – Modulated and unmodulated devices – Too many devices on a channel raises the noise floor
• Frequency Space – 3 non-‐overlapping channels – No wide channels possible – Bounded on top and boGom by licensed bands
PenetraDon
2.4GHz penetrates open space 4.3X beGer than 5GHz
2.4GHz
5GHz
Too much penetraDon (limits channel reuse)
Interference
Too much interference in the band, and quickly geVng worse
IoT brings with it 30+ Billion* always-‐on devices and 200+ Billion intermiGently-‐connected devices by 2020. Many of these devices will use 2.4GHz (Bluetooth, Zigbee, Wi-‐Fi).
*Sources: Gartner & IDC
Frequency Space
2.4GHz supports 3 non-‐overlapping channels
Not enough channel space (limits channel reuse)
Noise Floor Whether hundreds of probing Wi-‐Fi staDons or wideband interference, if the noise floor is high, performance will be poor.
Importance of Channel Reuse
• ApplicaDon Performance • System Capacity • User Experience
Co-‐Channel ContenDon (CCC) Football Field (120 Yards, 110 Meters) PerspecDve: 1mW (0dBm) in open space
Receive SensiDvity Many of today’s Wi-‐Fi chipsets have Rx SensiDvity below the actual noise floor at low data rates.
Move CriDcal Wi-‐Fi to 5GHz It’s common that 5GHz channels are either unused or lightly used
5GHz by Contrast
Source: Wireless Training & SoluDons
25 non-‐overlapping channels, with 12 more proposed by the FCC
What Now? • Move to 5GHz, now. OpDmize for performance. • Use channels supported by your client devices. • Move client devices to 5GHz 11ac when possible. • Do not buy 2.4GHz-‐only client devices of any kind. • Use a performance-‐opDmized, transiDonal 2.4GHz SSID • Set organizaDonal policy to avoid use of 2.4GHz • Set expectaDons for 2.4GHz users (whether corporate or BYOD)
• Monitor the 2.4GHz spectrum at L1 & L2 (WIPS)
Time’s Up!
Learn more in my new white paper: h"p://divdyn.net/docs/2.4-‐GHz-‐is-‐Dead-‐v1.00.pdf
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