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2014
Ethiopia Sesame Outlook
Topics
Country Profile Sesame Production Sesame Marketing Opportunities in Ethiopia Sesame Challenges in Ethiopia Sesame Way Forward Why African Edible Oil Alliance (AEOA)?
Country Profile
Key Facts• Capital: Addis Ababa
• Population: approximately 90 million (2013)
• Land area: 1.13 mil sq km (437,794 sq m)
•Major religions: Christianity, Islam
•Monetary unit: Birr
• Exchange rate: 1 USD = 19.95 ETB
•Major exports: Coffee, oilseed, Gold, Pulses,
Flower, Textiles & Garments,
Leather & Leather Products etc…
Country Profile …
• Economy (2013/14 est.) :-
• agriculture: 40%,
• industry: 14%,
• services: 46 %,
Country Profile …
ETHIOPIA’S ECONOMIC POLICIES Pro-Market Pro-Private Sector Pro- Liberalization Growth and Transformation Plan - (GTP) as a
central plank of its 5 years development
Programme
6
Oilseed Profile of the Country
• Oilseed is the 3rd largest crop in area coverage and production after cereals and
pulses;
• The 2nd largest export earning after coffee ; 2013/14 18.97% & 22.05% share
respectively from the country foreign currency earning.
• The 4th largest sesame seed producing country in the world;
• Engages about 3 million small, medium and large scale farmers;
• Government priority commodities to transform to commercial farming.;
• Contributes significant role to achieve national household food security in the
country;
7
Oilseeds Production Trend
Hectar Quintal Hectar Quintal Hectar Quintal Hectar Quintal Hectar Quintal2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14
-
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
400,000
Linseed(Flax)NeugSesameGround NutsSufflowerRapeseed
8
The Importance 0f Sesame Seed :
1 Edible oil. The oil is almost odorless with a distinctive nutty sweet flavor. Roasted sesame oil resists rancidity due to the antioxidants formed during seed roasting. Sesame oil is especially important in the Far Eastern cuisine, mainly Japan and China.
2 Confectionary, biscuit and bakery industry. Most hulled clear white sesame is required for bakery products. Hulled sesame sticks to the bread or roll, while maintaining the white colour after baking. Roasted sesame has a nutty taste.
3. Tahini industry. Tahini, a traditional Middle Eastern paste, is made from hulled sesame seed and is rich in protein
4. Halva industry. Halva is a sweet made of 50% tahini, boiled sugar and some other ingredients.
5. Pharmaceutical ingredients.
2002 y 2003y 2004y 2005y 2006y 2007y 2008y 2009y 2010y 2011y 2012y -
500,000.00
1,000,000.00
1,500,000.00
2,000,000.00
2,500,000.00
3,000,000.00
3,500,000.00
4,000,000.00
4,500,000.00
5,000,000.00
2,841,406.00
3,210,464.00
3,487,560.00 3,491,391.00 3,680,549.00 3,758,173.00 3,830,181.00
3,931,208.00
4,352,957.00
4,775,978.00
4,167,150.00
706,831.00 745,532.00 775,747.00
1,019,925.00 1,038,060.00 1,030,590.00 957,479.00
1,224,133.00 1,302,890.00 1,377,076.00 1,356,120.00
The world Sesame seed Production export Trend in tones
World Sesame Production and Export
Sesame is produced from 76 countries in the world
The production is mostly dominated by Asian and African countries
The total sesame seed production increased from 2.8 million to 4.2 million
tons with annual growth rate of 3.75 percent
Export from 708 thousand to 1.3 million tones with annual growth rate of
6.1 percent
The demand of sesame seed increasing faster than supply
Major Sesame Growing areas in Ethiopia
W. Wolloga/ Oromia
Humerra/Tigray and Metema/Amhara
SNNP
12
Sesame Cultivation Season
DESCRIPTION MONTHS
Field Preparation April/May
Plaughing / Disking April/May
Sawing May/June/July
Weeding June/July/August
Harvesting October/November
13
Sesame Seed Production Trend
Hectar Quintal Hectar Quintal Hectar Quintal Hectar Quintal Hectar Quintal2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14
-
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
400,000
Sesame Production in Hectar & Tone
= Tigray – 130,000 = Amhara – 229,038 = Oromia – 114,000 = B. Gumuz – 71,496 = SNNPR – 50,210 = Gambela – 3,220 NB. Source RBOA
(About 3 million SHF are beneficiaries)
2014/15 Sesame Production Plan in Tone
Myanmar
IndiaChina
Tanzan
ia
Ethiopia
Uganda
Sudan
(form
er)
Nigeria
Mozambique
Burkina F
aso Niger
Somali
a
Thail
and
Paragu
ayEg
ypt
-
100,000.00
200,000.00
300,000.00
400,000.00
500,000.00
600,000.00
700,000.00
800,000.00
900,000.00
620,000.00 610,000.00 600,000.00
456,000.00
244,783.00
188,740.00 187,000.00 158,000.00
117,000.00 91,000.00 90,000.00 78,000.00
50,000.00 48,500.00 45,000.00
2002 y 2012y
Ethiopia’s Position in World Sesame Production
Sesame seeds Characteristics
Appreciated for its aroma and
sweet taste;
Whitish color;
larger seeds size;
Good uniform seeds;
48 – 50% oil content;
Used for bakery products, Tahinia
confectionary;
HUMERA TYPE
16
Gonder Type
• White and whitish
• Good uniformity of seed
• Used for oil crushing and bakery
Wellega Type
• White seeds, with a white to golden colour, are mainly
used in raw form because of their aesthetic value and are
mostly priced higher than mixed seeds (yellow to dark
brown) which are generally crushed into oil
• Mainly Small seeds with High oil content 49 -56%17
Sesame seeds Characteristics …
DOMESTIC SESAME MARKETING
Primary Level Transaction
Centres
Quality is monitored by extension
workers
With common service (data board,
loading and unloading platform, dry
waste burning and Toilet )
With weighing scale certified by MOT
owned by each supplier
392 PLCTCs
Ethiopian Commodity Exchange (ECX):
The 2nd level:-
Receive sesame seed form Suppliers,
Producers, and Cooperatives;
Under take, grading, & warehouse
services,;
Under take sesame exchange between
suppliers and Exporters
Submission of sold sesame to exporters
SEASAM SEED NIGER SEED CASTOR SEED LINSEED PUMPKINSEED GROUND NUT RAPESEED SUNFLOWER0
100000
200000
300000
400000
500000
600000
700000
268,841
17,019 8,832 3,340 613 546 1,324 204
617,221
12,789 6,786 2,359 1,450 535 423 126
NET WEIGHT in TONFOB VALUE in(000) USD
2013/14 Ethiopia Oilseeds Export in Volume and Value
Ethiopian Sesame Export Trend
2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
320,983300,656
436,914
390,652
618,268
Value, 000/USD Budget year
Volume/mt
2009/10 238,832
2010/11 218,247
2011/12 331,584
2012/13 222,705
2013/14 269,221
372,615.66 96,371.43
38,036.53
23,447.9
7
16,909.1
7
13,426.0
5
11,479.2
4
10,511.8
5 5,118.92 5,074.80 24,229.19
USD ''000''
ChinaIsraelTurkeyJordanSaudi ArabiaGreeceKorea, Republic ofJapanLebanonEgyptOthers
2013/14 Top Ethiopian Sesame Destination Countries
Buying Countries
Volume in
Tone % Share
China 164,084 61.03
Israel 41,634 15.49
Turkey 16,259 6.05
Jordan 10,180 3.79
Saudi Arabia 7,228 2.69
Greece 5,738 2.13
Korea, Republic 4,627 1.72
Japan 4,332 1.61
Lebanon 2,090 0.78
Egypt 2,083 0.77
Others 10,586 3.94
Grand Total 268,841 100.00
66,625.59
32,619.64
27,145.02
25,069.02
20,713.58
19,222.70
17,796.85
17,761.01
15,403.30
15,299.25
359,564.85
RIZHAO RUNY SHANDONG, CHINAAGRE COMMODITES & FINANCE FZERUSHDI FOOD IND.OLAM INERNATIONAL LIM-ITEDCHINA SADIC INTER-NATIONAL TRADE CO,HAMAMA MEIR TRADINGCHINA LIGHT CERERAL MERCHANDISEQINGDAO KERRY PEANUTAHCOF IDUSTRIAL DE-VELOPMENT CO.LTDTIANJIN HUACHEN TRADE CO.LTD.Others (188)
Buyers Volume in TonRIZHAO RUNY SHANDONG, CHINA 29,317.00 AGRE COMMODITES & FINANCE FZE 13,946.00
RUSHDI FOOD IND. 11,856.00 OLAM INERNATIONAL LIMITED 10,749.00
CHINA SADIC INTERNATIONAL TRADE CO, 9,266.10
HAMAMA MEIR TRADING 8,268.47
CHINA LIGHT CERERAL MERCHANDISE 7,687.00
QINGDAO KERRY PEANUT 8,018.00
AHCOF IDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT CO.LTD 6,536.00 TIANJIN HUACHEN TRADE CO.LTD. 6,782.00 Others (188) 156,415.17 Grand Total 268,840.74
USD ''000''
Top Ethiopian Sesame Buyers
India
Ethiopia
Nigeria
Sudan
(form
er)
United
Burkina F
aso
Paragu
ay
Myanmar
ChinaMali
Mozambique
Guatemala
Uganda
Pakist
an
Venezu
ela
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
400000
450000408687
254127
124700102600
7601758650
36900 36500 33201 28553 25871 17977 14763 14440 13683
2002 2011
Ethiopia’s Position in World Sesame Export
Major Efforts
• Research Support• Extension support• Quality Improvement
• Modernizing the Domestic
Market• Market Support• Supply Side, • Logistics & • Promotion & Linkage
• Close Coordination
• National Export support Committee,
• Regional Supply support Committee,
• Business Economy National
Integrated Forum,
• Sect oral Ministries)
Challenges of Sesame Production and Marketing
Lack of synergy between Stakeholders;
Weak research and extension linkage;
weak improved seed and modern technology
utilization capacity;
post harvest loses;
Weak market infrastructure;
Low market surplus;
Weak logistics service/Transport
Luck of advanced value addition technologies
Low level of information networking and
processing
Low Negotiation capacity;
Price fluctuation /Price volatility
Construct default (both sides- exporter
and buyer)
High transaction cost
Opportunities in Ethiopia’s Sesame
High Government’s commitment;
Favourable policy environment;
Diverse agro-ecology and climatic conditions;
Well established brand - Positive image of the country as quality sesame
producer;
The variety of sesame types;
Potential for volume and quality expansion due to presence of adequate land
and inexpensive labour,
Way Forward
Strengthen research and extension linkage;
Improve modern technology utilization
capacity;
Improve market infrastructure;
Branding & Promotion by Strengthening
Business Diplomacy Capacity;
Capacity Building;
Establishing strong Information
system;
Collaboration in establishment of
Sustainable financing system;
Collaborate in creation of efficient
trade logistic;
Strengthening Public Private
Partnership;;
Improve global competitiveness;
* Value Competitiveness* Policy Advocacy* Market promotion* Social Responsibility * Cross Cutting Issues* Environmental Responsibility
African Edible Oil Alliance (AEOA)
END
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