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THE ROAD SURFACE
TREATMENTS ASSOCIATION
Surface Dressing & Micro-Surfacing
Dr Howard Robinson
Chief Executive
1www.rsta-uk.org
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Surface Dressing
Long History of Use
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Performs 2 functions which relate directly to the essential
requirements in the European CPD Safety Skid Resistance
Increases macro & micro texture with minimum usage ofscare high quality aggregate
Durability Preventative Maintenance
Seals underlying surface from ingress of water and air
3
Surface Dressing
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Single Dressing
Racked-In
Double Dressing
Sandwich Dressing
4
Surface Dressingtechniques
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Carriageways
Footways
Cycleways
Car parks
5
Surface DressingApplications
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Treatment composition kg/m2
Material SingleDressing
DoubleDressing
40mmAsphalt
Surfacing
Binder 1.0 1.5 6.0
Aggregate 12.0 21.0 93.0
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Finite Resource ConsumptionFinite Resource Consumption
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Comparative Costs and Life
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Type Application /m2
+/10%Expected
Life
years
6mmSingleSurfaceDressing Estateroads,ruralareas 1.50 7 10
10&6mmRackedInDressing Urbanroads,quieter 1.80 7 10
14&6mmDouble
Surface
Dressing (relativelynew)Busy
urban
roads,
higher
stress,gradient,bend2.20 7
10
Prepatchingadditionalcost Rural,urbanroads 1.00 1.50 n/a
MicroAsphalt 14mm MainlyUrbanlocations 3.00 7 12
Microasphalt
+regulating
+
ironworksraisedMainly
Urban
locations 3.50
4.00 7
12
HighFrictionSurfacing Highstressareas 9 12 5 10
Retexturing bushhammer Anywhere exposedaggregates
2 3 3 5
GilsonitePreservative Anywhere 0.8
1 3
5
AsphaltReinforcement
Geocomposites/Geotextiles
Urban,trunkroads 5 8 Increaseslifeby
factorof4
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Years
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Years
Overa l l
condit ion
Overa l l
condit ion
G o o d
Good
Poor
Poor
Sur face d ress ing
Sur face dress ing
De fects visible
Patch ing
Reconst ruct ion
Sur face d ress ingSur face dress ing
Source: Asphalt Surfacings, Steven St John
8
Surface DressingExtending time to structural maintenance
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Work ongoing at University of Nottingham to develop processmaps and capture energy data for a range of surfacetreatments that can then be fed into asPECT
Asphalt Pavement Embodied Carbon Tool
9
Carbon Footprint
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Quality ControlQuality Control
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Chipping Spread Rate Test
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Binder Spread Rate Test
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Carpet Tile Spray Bar Test
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SpecificationSpecification
SHW Clause 922SHW Clause 922
BSEN 12271BSEN 12271
PD6689PD6689
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Procurement
Method 1 Specified by end product performance - Cl 922 of SHW
Method 2 Specified by recipe - Cl 919 of SHW
Method 1 defines a product and therefore the Construction Product
Regulation applies and BSEN12271
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Clause 922
Thecontractormust...
Produceadesign
to
achieve
alevel
of
performance
e.g.
macrotextureandalsoadesignlife
InstalladressingthatmeetsrequirementsofNHSS13a
Provideaqualityplan
BecompliantwithBSEN12271
Providea2yrguarantee
Provideevidencehisspraytankerandchippingmachinecanachieve
the
desired
rate
and
accuracy
of
spread
ProduceaselfcertifiedTAIT
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BSEN 12271 EffectiveinUKfromJanuary2011
PD6689providesUKguidance
Specifiesarangeofpropertiesandcategoriestoenable appropriatelimitingvaluestobesetfora
widerangeofuses
CEMarkingcurrentlynotmandatoryinUK
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PD 6689 Constituent Materials
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Binders
UnmodifiedbindersmustconformtoBSEN13808
emulsions PMBsareproprietarymaterialsandClauses919and
922requirethesetohaveBBAHAPAScertificates BSEN
12271
includes
ameasure
of
binder
cohesion
(VialitTest)
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Modified BindersModified BindersVialit
Pendulum
Cohesion
Vialit Cohesion BS EN 13588
HA SHW Clause 939
Grades (minimum Peak Cohesion):
Super premium binder 1.4J/cm2
Premium binder 1.2J/cm2
Intermediate 1.0J/cm2
Unmodified* 0.7J/cm2
*threshold level for guidance only
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PD 6689 Aggregates
HD36adviseswhatPSVandAAVtobeusedonasitebysite
basis. The
PSV
is
required
to
ensure
the
durability
of
skiddingresistance
AggregatesusedinsurfacedressingshouldconformtoBSEN13043
Recommendationsfor
gradings
of
chippings
are
in
PD
6682
2:2009,Table4
BSEN13043alsorecommendsthat,forsurfacedressing,the
fines
content
should
be
f1(i.e.
not
more
than
1%
passing
0.063mmsieve)
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PD 6689 Performance Criteria
PerformancecategoriesinPD6689havebeenchosenfromBSEN12271:2006,Table2
TheserecommendationsrelatetheHAUCroadtypestogetherwiththedesignclassificationsfromRN39
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EN 12271:2006(E) - Table 2
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Type Approval Installation Trial (TAIT)
TAITsarethemeansbywhichaproducer
demonstratesthe
ability
to
design
and
install
agroup
orfamilyofsurfacetreatmentsmeetingtherequired
performancecharacteristics
TAITscan
also
be
used
as
the
basis
for
CE
marking
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Type Approval Installation TrialRecommended Portfolio
TAITs are the responsibility of the producer andmust be verified by a notified body
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Factory Production Control (FPC)
BSEN12271specifiesaFPCsystem aroutetoCEmarking
FPCensuresthedesignprocedureisdocumented,therelevantcontrolsand
tests
are
carried
out
at
minimum
frequency
and
records
are
kept
AllproducersaccreditedtoNHSS13amusthaveaQAsystemwhichmeetsFPCrequirementsandareaccreditedbynotifiedbodies
TheSectorSchemeisarequirementoftheSHWandrequiresproducers
todemonstrate
the
competence
of
their
workforce
ThereisascheduleofsuppliersaccreditedtoNHSS13amaintainedbyLantra
Theattestationofconformityis2+
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Surface Dressing Design Guide
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SurfaceTemperatureCategory
RoadHardness
Traffic
Geometry
Chippingproperties
Design Input Data
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Surface Temperature Category
Table 7.2.1 - Approximate Surface Temperature Categories
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Road Hardness Category
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Road Hardness Category
very soft
soft
normal
hard
very hard0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Road surface temperature (C)
Probepenetration
(mm)
Figure 7.2.2 Hardness categories from depth of penetration and roadsurface temperature for Different Surface Temperature Categories
Category B
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Traffic
Table 7.2.3 Traffic Categories
Categories converted from msa to cv/l/d assuming a
growth rate of 2% over the design life.
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Geometrics
Gradients
Bends
Junction and Crossings
= STRESS
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Chipping Properties
PSV refer to HD36/06 or Figure 7.3.1.
AAV Not greater than 14
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Other Data Required
General Surface Condition
Season
Shade
Local Traffic
Noise
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Season
Figure 7.3.2 Surface Dressing Season
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Tree Shade
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Noise
Increasing texture depth
Increas
ing
noise
(dBA
)
6mm
10/6mm
10mm
14/6mm
14mm
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Designing the Dressing
Site Suitability
Sections within the Site
Choosing the Dressing type and Binders
Using the Design Proforma
Selecting the Rate of Spread
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Site Suitability
Figure 8.1 - Effect of Existing Road Surface Characteristics on
Achievable Performance Levels
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Choosing The Right Dressing
Figure 8.3a
Selection of Type of SurfaceDressing for Lightly-Trafficked
Sites
Binder Rate of Spread Table
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Binder Rate of Spread - Table
9.2.2
Racked In Dressing
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Relatively low cost and high productivity
Extends road life and delays major maintenance spend
Reduced traffic management costs and road user costs
Efficient use of aggregates/binder and minimal waste Up to 10 year life if properly designed and executed
A strategic option for de-carbonising roads
Can help to prevent potholing
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Surface DressingBenefits
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Better,tougherbinders=betterchipretention
Lowtemperatureemulsions(undertrial)
Betteremulsion
break
control
Bettermobileplant improvedspraying/spreadingaccuracy
Closerattentiontoachievinggoodcompaction
Closerliaisonwithhighwayauthorities
Improvedaftercare
BettertrainedoperativeswithCSCScards(SectorScheme13a)
Surface DressingInnovation
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MicroMicro--SurfacingSurfacing
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Micro-Surfacing
Apolymermodifiedcoldpavedasphalt
Thickness6to15mm
Uses
rutfilling/levellingcourse
sealing
fillingpotholes
correctsravelling/bleeding
improvesskidresistance(highervolumeroads)
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Micro-Asphalt Description Slurrysurfacingintroducedinthelate1950s Primarilyusedasapreservativetreatmentforairfield
runwaystypical
aggregate
size
for
slurry
surfacing
03mm
Slurrysurfacingnowmorewidelyknownasmicroasphaltsormicrosurfacingwithtypically06mmaggregates
Microasphaltisamixtureof:
Aggregates(coarse
and
fine)
PMBemulsion
Water
Cementorhydratedlime Possiblyfibres
Chemicalbreaking agent
Theblendofmaterialsisbatchedinsituandlaidbyapurposebuiltselfpropelledmicroasphaltpaver
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Slurry Seal and Micro-Asphalt Footwayslurrysealismechanicallymixedandhandapplied
usingabrushtoprovidesurfacetexture.Nonpolymer
modifiedbitumen
emulsion
and
aggregate
sizes
of
03mm
Thincarriagewayandairfieldslurrysealisusuallylaidupto5mmthickusinga03mmaggregateandnonpolymerbitumenemulsion.Laidmechanicallyandissuitableforurbanareasandairfieldtaxiways
Microasphalts firstlayerregulatesandreprofilestheexistingpavement secondlayerprovidesadensesurfacewithgoodtexturedepthand
wetskiddingresistance.
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SLURRY / MICROSURFACING
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SLURRY / MICROSURFACING
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Composition
Aggregates
Mineralfiller
Water
Bitumenemulsion
Fieldcontrol
additive
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Aggregate selection
Strong,durable
100%crushedparticles
Typeof
rock
Reactivityoffines critical!
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Aggregate Gradation
Sieve size
mm
Slurry Micro-
surfacing5.0 100 100 70-90
2.36 95-100 75-100 45-70
1.18 70-95 55-90 28-50.600 55-75 35-70 19-34
.300 30-50 20-45 12-25
.075 5-15 5-15 5-15
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Mi l Fill
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Mineral Fillers
Portland
cement
Hydratedlime
Modifyflow&settingcharacteristics
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Bitumen Emulsion Selection
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Bitumen Emulsion Selection
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P l
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Polymer
Purposes
reducestemperature
susceptibility
improvesstiffness
Types
latex(liquid)
solids
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Field Control Additi e
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Field Control Additive
Affectsbreak
time
temperature&aggregatereactivity
Typeand
amount
amines(0.1%)
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Surface Curing
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Surface Curing
Mixtime
time
remaining
fluid
(30
180
s) Settime
expulsionofclearwater&initialdevelopment
ofcohesion
Traffictime
sufficientcohesionfortraffic(20minto4hrs)
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Mix Design Criteria
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Mix Design Criteria
Mixingtests
Cohesiontest
Testsfor
binder
content
Performancerelatedtests
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Mixing & Cohesion Tests
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Mixing & Cohesion Tests
Mixtime&settime
Handmixed
for
30s
Partpouredout. Clearwaterexuded settime
Partstirreduntilstiff mixtime
Cohesiontest
Rolledinto
ball
&
dropped
on
floor
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Tests For Binder Content
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Tests For Binder Content
Wettrack
abrasion
(WTAT)
BS434aggregatetest(max500g/m)
Loadedwheeltest
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Site Selection Client Side
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Site Selection Client Side
Highwayclientslooktomicrosurfacingtoimprove:
Appearance coveringsurfacedefectsProfiling regulationofthesurfaceSkidResistance replacescontactsurface
SubsurfaceProtection
sealing
the
road
against
water
ingress
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A Potential Micro Surfacing Site
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A Potential Micro-Surfacing Site
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Micro Asphalt Paver
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Micro-Asphalt Paver
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AGGREGATE
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WATER
BITUMEN
SPREADER BOX
Computer Controlled Batching
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Computer Controlled Batching
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Applied through the Spreader
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Laying box
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Compaction using a Pneumatic Tyre
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Roller (PTR)
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After Care
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After Care
Readyfortrafficafter20minutes
Sweepafter
24
hours
RaiseIronworknextday
Applyroadsafetymarkingsafter72hours
Removetrafficmanagementsigns
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Slurry-Micro Surfacing
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Applications
Carriageways
Footways
Cycleways
Car parks
Playgrounds
Airfield runways
Reservations and Islands
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Benefits
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Benefits
Restorationofinstantaneousskidding
resistanceand
texture
depth
levels
Quickinstallation,withminimumdisruptiontotrafficflows
Environmentallyadvantageous
with
little
or
notoxicemissionsandnoheatenergyrequired
Financial
cost
benefits
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BSEN 12273 Micro-Surfacing
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BSEN 12273 Micro Surfacing
UK guidance contained in PD 6689
BSEN 12273 will be implemented in UK inJanuary 2011
By that time all contractors must have in place:
BSEN ISO 9001 QA systems, FPC, TAITs UK specification controlled by SHW Cl.918
contractors must be compliant with Sector
Scheme 13b
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Specification Requirements
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Specification Requirements
Aggregates to BS EN 13043
Binders to BS EN 13808 Cationic BitumenEmulsions
Mix design declared by producer
1 year after installation:
visual assessment of defects
surface macro-texture
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BS EN 12274 Test Methods
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1. Sampling
2. Residualbindercontent
3. Consistency mix
design
4. Cohesionofmix mixdesign
5. Wearing
(wet
track
abrasion)
mix
design6. Rateofapplication
7. Shakingabrasion(binder/aggregateaffinity)
mixdesign
8. Visualassessment
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Clause 918
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Contractordesign
RegistrationtoSectorScheme13B TAITtoBSEN12273 Aggregate
min.
PSV
&
max.
AAV
(FI20 omitted)
Performancerequirements
Assessmentofdefects¯otexture
2year
guarantee
(macrotexture
initially,
1&
2years)
Normally1yearfornontrunkroads
Specifieshowtoexecutetheworks
BBAHAPAScertificationformodifiedbindernolongerrequired
Bondcoatspecified
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Notes for Guidance on Clause 918
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Clause 942 thin surfacing applicable to
micro-surfacing for roads carrying > 250cv/l/d or allowing speeds > 60 mph
Categories given for visual assessment of
defects from lightly trafficked roads (Cat. 1) to dual
carriageways (Cat. 4)
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Performance Requirements
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Requirement Unit Category
0 1 2 3P1 bleeding, etc. % NPD 8 2 0.5
P2 delamination,aggregate loss, etc.
% NPD 8 2 0.5
Macrotexture mm NPD 0.2 0.4 0.6
Noise (macrotexture) mm Declared maximum
Constituents
Binder cohesion
Aggregate PSVAggregate micro-Deval
J/cmDeclared class/category
(AAV in UK)
Slurry type Defined by maximum aggregatesize & binder type
Guidance
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Design Manual for Roads and Bridges
Volume 7 Section 5 Part 2 HD37/99
SHW Series 900
Clause 918 - Slurry Surfacing
Clause 919 - Surface Dressing Recipe
Clause 922 - Surface Dressing Performance
Clause 927 - Micro-surfacing
EN 12271 Surface Dressing (FPC + test methods)
EN 12273 Slurry-Micro Surfacing (FPC + test methods)
PD6689: 2009 Surface Treatments
NHSS 13a Surface Dressing and 13b Slurry-Micro Surfacing
Road Note 39 and RSDA Code of Practice
81
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THANKS FOR LISTENING!
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uk.org for
our
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