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UPDEA General Conference Tunis-May 2012
A.Saddouq
Socioeconomic impact of rural electrification
Case of Morocco
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• Global Rural Electrification Program-PERG- • Launched in 1996 • At the end of 2010
o 33,000 villages / 1.91 million households connected to network
o 3700 villages / 52 000 homes with PV modules
o Electrification rate : 97.5 % against 18% in 1996.
o 84 % subscription rateo U.S. $ 2.5 billion
Rural electrification in MoroccoA successful bet
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• 52,000 homes with PV (50 Wp, 75 Wp, 200 Wp)
• Contract to provide «Fee for Service »• Indoor installation +
maintenance + renewal e expense of the supplier against payment subscription rights + monthly fee + subsidy ONE
• The model reaches its limits with the extension of the interconnected network
Important solar component
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Participative combination
• ONE – Municipalities - Beneficiaries
25%
Beneficiaries 55%
ONE
20%
Municipalities
200 Euro/home
250 Euro/home
• Payment Facilities for municipalities and beneficiaries
• Prefinancing by ONE.
5²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²
• Rural population : 46 % the total population.
• Rural areas made up of:o 66 % poor o 77 % very poor o 90 % extremely poor
Rural areas highly affected by poverty
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• Evaluation throughout the program (1999,2003, 2008).
• Visible effects on environment and socio-economic development but needs to be strenghthened.
Socio-economic impact and environment
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• Primary Sector: little effect on small and medium operations.Secondary sector (i.e milk processing) but considerable dependence on road infrastructure.Secondary activity: very strong impact on local trade
Impact on local economy
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• Improvement of school enrollment .• Improvement of household equipement
( fridges, TV,…).• Little effect on rural exodus.
Social Impact
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Impact on environnement
• Abandonment of GE:o FE 1.9 kg CO2 / kWh against 0.635 for
the interconnected ONE network• photovoltaic stock: 20000 tons CO2
avoided annually.• Avoidance of soil pollution by the
batteries widely used before electrification.
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• Transfer 2.4% of GDP to rural areas.• Growth effect on the power sector: industry
and services • 15 000 permanent jobs.
Impact on national economy
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• RE : significant impact on the environment and rural development.
• Strong impulse of solar slowed by network expansion. New balance to be designed
• Many externalities: homeland planning, local governance, information .... ….
• Moderate development of productive uses and AGR.
• Need for proactive policy support. • New production launch.
Conclusions
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