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Technical Meeting on Managing the Development of a National Infrastructure for Nuclear Power
SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
Mauricio LichtembergChilean Nuclear Energy Commission International Atomic Energy Agency
Vienna, February 2010
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
CONTENT BACKGROUND NATIONAL THREAT ASSESSMENT RESPONSE FORCE LEGISLATIVE ASPECTS REGULATORY ASPECTS ENHANCEMENT INITIATIVES OPERATIONAL INITIATIVES CCHEN ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AUTHORIZATION PROCESS
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
BACKGROUND Chile does not have nuclear power installations But it has the following nuclear facilities:
One operative material testing reactor of 5 MWth; Another of 2 MWth in extended shutdown condition; A Fuel Element Production Plant for both Research
Reactors; A Chemical Conversion Facility licensed to convert
UF6 to U metallic.
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
BACKGROUND Chile enacted its Nuclear Safety Law
Nº 18.302 on May 2, 1984.
Regulation No. 87/84 on the “APPROVES REGULATIONS FOR THE PHYSICAL PROTECTION OF NUCLEAR INSTALLATIONS AND NUCLEAR MATERIAL”, establishes the requirements and conditions of the physical security plans that any nuclear facilities have to implement.
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
BACKGROUND
On April 27, 1994 Chile subscribed the "Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material" (Decree No. 1121, issued on 17 October 1994).
In 2009 accepted (at present in the process of being promulgated) the "Amendment to the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material”, which incorporates nuclear facilities under its scope to prevent the dangers posed by the unlawful taking and use of nuclear materials.
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
CONTENT BACKGROUND NATIONAL THREAT ASSESSMENT RESPONSE FORCE LEGISLATIVE ASPECTS REGULATORY ASPECTS ENHANCEMENT INITIATIVES OPERATIONAL INITIATIVES CCHEN ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AUTHORIZATION PROCESS
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
NATIONAL THREAT ASSESSMENT
• DBT analyses all potential threats. It was defined by a joint committee that includes institutions such as the National Agency of Intelligence (ANI), the Chilean Army, the Chilean Police, Customs’ Intelligence Unit and Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission.
•La Reina and Lo Aguirre Nuclear Centres have a system of physical protection for their nuclear facilities and materials based on the Design Basis Threat (DBT).
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
CONTENT BACKGROUND NATIONAL THREAT ASSESSMENT RESPONSE FORCE LEGISLATIVE ASPECTS REGULATORY ASPECTS ENHANCEMENT INITIATIVES OPERATIONAL INITIATIVES CCHEN ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AUTHORIZATION PROCESS
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
RESPONSE FORCE
By Law Decree Nº 1.507, the Chilean Army, in particular the Battalion
No.1 of the Military Police is responsible for the protection of
sites with nuclear facilities (CCHEN nuclear centers).
For these sites, the main functions of the Battalion are: access control,
surveillance and response to a malevolent act. To achieve these objectives,
the Army provides personnel for permanent guards at the main gate and for
patrol around the site perimeter and exterior of buildings.
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
RESPONSE FORCE (cont.)
In addition, the Army is responsible for ensuring appropriate response to
emergency situations regarding security.
The technical aspects of the physical protection system, such as barriers,
intrusion detection and surveillance devices, are under CCHEN responsibility .
As a rule, military personnel are not allowed to enter to nuclear facilities.
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
CONTENT BACKGROUND NATIONAL THREAT ASSESSMENT RESPONSE FORCE LEGISLATIVE ASPECTS REGULATORY ASPECTS ENHANCEMENT INITIATIVES OPERATIONAL INITIATIVES CCHEN ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AUTHORIZATION PROCESS
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
LEGISLATIVE ASPECTS
Nuclear Safety Law, No.18.302 (amended by Law No. 18.730 and
Law No.19.825 and Law Nº 20.402) establish responsibilities for Chilean
Nuclear Energy Commission (CCHEN) and the Ministry of Energy on the
regulation, supervision, monitoring and control of the activities related to the
peaceful uses of nuclear energy and to nuclear installations and the nuclear
substances and radioactive materials used in them including their transport.
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
LEGISLATIVE ASPECTS
In particular, Article 4 of the law Nº 18.302 defines:
• CCHEN as the Competent Authority for the construction,
commissioning, operation, closure and decommissioning of nuclear
installations, plants, laboratory centers, establishments and facilities.
• Ministry of Energy as Competent Authority for issuing authorizations
for Nuclear Power Plants, Enrichment Plants, Reprocessing Plants and
Storages for final disposal of radioactive waste.
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
LEGISLATIVE ASPECTS
Finally, Article 12 establishes that “To avert damage that may arise from
the theft, robbery or loss of nuclear substances, nuclear installations,
plants, centers and laboratories, must have physical protection measures
in place, and their operator have to adopt the security measures required
by the regulations and, in each case, by the authorization issued by
CCHEN or Energy Ministry”.
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
CONTENT BACKGROUND NATIONAL THREAT ASSESSMENT RESPONSE FORCE LEGISLATIVE ASPECTS REGULATORY ASPECTS ENHANCEMENT INITIATIVES OPERATIONAL INITIATIVES CCHEN ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AUTHORIZATION PROCESS
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
REGULATIONREGULATORY ASPECTS
CCHEN is responsible for proposing the regulation in this area and establish
the rules that define the physical protection systems for nuclear materials in
the country.
Decree No.87/84, 24 December 1984, “APPROVES REGULATIONS FOR
THE PHYSICAL PROTECTION OF NUCLEAR INSTALLATIONS AND
NUCLEAR MATERIAL”, establishes CCHEN is the Competent Authority to
carry out the evaluation, authorization and control functions of the physical
protection plans required for the national regulation.
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
REGULATIONREGULATORY ASPECTS
Furthermore, this decree covers theft and sabotage issues, provides a
classification of nuclear material and a detailed description of the types and
levels of physical protection to be implemented by the operators. In particular,
the decree establishes the need for a physical plan, details its content and the
basis for granting the authorization by CCHEN.
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
CONTENT BACKGROUND NATIONAL THREAT ASSESSMENT RESPONSE FORCE LEGISLATIVE ASPECTS REGULATORY ASPECTS ENHANCEMENT INITIATIVES OPERATIONAL INITIATIVES CCHEN ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AUTHORIZATION PROCESS
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
ENHANCEMENT INITIATIVES1. NUCLEAR LAW
A proposal of a new Nuclear Law is under development that
considers an authority with competence on Safety and Security
issues .
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
ENHANCEMENT INITIATIVES2. REGULATION
A draft regulation reviewing the decree Nº 87/84 was presented to
the Ministry of Mining. Among others issues, this decree covers
the physical protection of nuclear material during transport.
This proposal provides consistent requirements with the
INFCIRC/225/Rev.4 (amended). It ensures an appropriated
protection to the information provided in the operator's physical
protection plans.
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
ENHANCEMENT INITIATIVES
3. Guides and standards
A proposal of guides and standards according to the regulations and the Design Basis Threat already defined will be developed by CCHEN .
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
CONTENT BACKGROUND NATIONAL THREAT ASSESSMENT RESPONSE FORCE LEGISLATIVE ASPECTS REGULATORY ASPECTS ENHANCEMENT INITIATIVES OPERATIONAL INITIATIVES CCHEN ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AUTHORIZATION PROCESS
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
OPERATIONAL INITIATIVES
To formally constitute an interagency committee for nuclear security policy making devoted to define its roles, structure, responsibilities and reporting requirements;
To perform a threat assessment for each nuclear facility; To define Design Basis Threat (DBT); To incorporate DBT into the Regulatory Framework; To categorize the nuclear material of each nuclear facility,
and To design and implement a Physical Protection System for
each facility.
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
CONTENT BACKGROUND NATIONAL THREAT ASSESSMENT RESPONSE FORCE LEGISLATIVE ASPECTS REGULATORY ASPECTS ENHANCEMENT INITIATIVES OPERATIONAL INITIATIVES CCHEN ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AUTHORIZATION PROCESS
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
CCHEN ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURELEGAL LEGAL
FRAMEWORKFRAMEWORK
NUCLEAR SAFETY LAW Nº 18.302
DECREE Nº 87
Art. 1 Art. 1 It corresponds to CCHEN as the organization in charge of the nuclear safety and radioprotection, with the functions of:
•Evaluation,
•Authorization
•Control of the Physical Protection of Nuclear Facilities and Materials Plan
DSNR Regulatory Body
DPRAOperator Advisor
Art. 5 Art. 5 Corresponds to the Operator andelaborates that the physical protection of the facilitymust have:
•Physical Design of the facility from the physicalprotection of Nuclear Materials point of view.
•Layout of equipment and security instruments.
•Physical Protection of Nuclear Materials Plan.
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
CONTENT BACKGROUND NATIONAL THREAT ASSESSMENT RESPONSE FORCE LEGISLATIVE ASPECTS REGULATORY ASPECTS ENHANCEMENT INITIATIVES OPERATIONAL INITIATIVES CCHEN ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AUTHORIZATION PROCESS
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SECURITY STATUS IN CHILE
AUTHORIZATION PROCESSLICENSING
Decree No.87/84 clearly defines the need and the content of a physical protection plan, and establishes that the licensing process should include an assessment of this plan for granting a formal authorization of the physical protection system implemented by the
operator.
ActionsTo update an internal standard dedicated to regulate the licensing process (NCS-GG-02)
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INSPECTIONIn accordance with its own procedures DSNR inspects the physical protection measurements implemented by the operators.
ACTIONSTo develop internal procedures describing the inspection process, in particular the administrative procedures and acceptance criteria for equipment.
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