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1
Spectroscopy of Charmed Baryon Resonances at J-PARC
H. Noumi, RCNP, Osaka University
1. Introduction2. High-p BL and CHARM Spectrometer3. Missing Mass Spectroscopy of baryons w/ heavy flavors
• production and decay• charmed and strange baryons
4. Summary
HADRON2015, Sep 15, 2015
How Hadrons are formed?
2
at LQCD
High E Low E
Quarks drastically change themselves below LQCD.
CurrentQuark
Hadrons are hardly described from current quarks
Composite Quasi-Particle
3
Low E
Effective DoF as building blocks of HadronsConfined in hadrons
High E
What we can learn from baryons with heavy flavors
4
• Quark motion of “qq” is singled out by a heavy Q • Diquark correlation
• Level structure, Production rate, Decay properties• sensitive to the internal quark(diquark) WFs.
• Properties are expected to depend on a Q mass.
q
q
q Q
• λ and ρ motions split (Isotope Shift)• HQ spin multiplet ()
Schematic Level Structure of Heavy Baryons
5
λ mode
ρ mode
G.S.
P-wave
Ql
[qq]Q
r(qq)
mQ = mq mQ > mq
q�⃑�𝐻𝑄± �⃑�𝐵𝑀
......
Spin-dep. Int.
ℏ𝜔𝜌
ℏ𝜔𝜆
=√ 3𝑚𝑄
2𝑚𝑞+𝑚𝑄
→√3(𝑚𝑄→∞)
Lambda Baryons (P-wave)
6
Sc(1/2+)
Sc*(3/2+)
Lc(2595, 1/2-)Lc(2625, 3/2-)
Lc o r Sc (2765, ??)
Lc(2880, 5/2+)
Lc(2940, ??)
Lc(GS)
L(1520, 3/2-)
S(1/2+)
L(1/2+)
S*(3/2+) L(1405, 1/2-)
L(1830, 5/2-)
L(1690, ??)L(1670, 1/2-)
L(GS)
Sb(1/2+) Sb
*(3/2+)
Lb(5920, 3/2-)Lb(5912, 1/2-)
Lb(GS)
strange charm bottom
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 50
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
MQ [GeV/c2]
Y* -
YG.S
. [M
eV]
Lambda Baryons (P-wave)
7
s c
non-rel. QM:H=H0 +Vconf +VSS+VLS+VT
-r l mixing (cal. By T. Yoshida)
Sc(1/2+)
Sc*(3/2+)
Lc(2595, 1/2-)Lc(2625, 3/2-)
Lc o r Sc (2765, ??)
Lc(2880, 5/2+)
Lc(2940, ??)
Lc(GS)
L(1520, 3/2-)
S(1/2+)
L(1/2+)
S*(3/2+) L(1405, 1/2-)
L(1830, 5/2-)
L(1690, ??)L(1670, 1/2-)
L(GS)
l
r
b
r
Sb(1/2+) Sb
*(3/2+)
Lb(5920, 3/2-)Lb(5912, 1/2-)
Lb(GS)
Q
l
r
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 50
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
MQ [GeV/c2]
Y* -
YG.S
. [M
eV]
Lambda Baryons (P-wave)
8
s c
non-rel. QM:H=H0 +Vconf +VSS+VLS+VT
-r l mixing (cal. By T. Yoshida)
Sc(1/2+)
Sc*(3/2+)
Lc(2595, 1/2-)Lc(2625, 3/2-)
Lc o r Sc (2765, ??)
Lc(2880, 5/2+)
Lc(2940, ??)
Lc(GS)
L(1520, 3/2-)
S(1/2+)
L(1/2+)
S*(3/2+) L(1405, 1/2-)
L(1830, 5/2-)
L(1690, ??)L(1670, 1/2-)
L(GS)
l
r
b
r
Sb(1/2+) Sb
*(3/2+)
Lb(5920, 3/2-)Lb(5912, 1/2-)
Lb(GS)
Q
l
r
?
9
High-res., High-momentum Beam Line
30 GeV proton beam
ProductionTarget
Pion BeamUp to 20 GeV/c
Spectrometer
T1
• High-intensity secondary Pion beam– 1.0 x 107 pions/sec @ 20GeV/c
• High-resolution beam: Dp/p~0.1%
K+
p-
ps-
decayp(p+)
2m
Dipole mag. RICH
ITOF
FiberTracker
DCDC
DCTOF
H2 TGT
0 5 10 15 201.0E+03
1.0E+04
1.0E+05
1.0E+06
1.0E+07
1.0E+08
1.0E+09
[GeV/c]
Co
un
ts/s
ec
Prod. Angle = 0 deg. (Neg.)
Sanford-Wang 15 kW Loss on Pt Acceptance :1.5 msr%, 133.2 m
p-
K-
pbar
Charmed Particles
CHARM Spectrometer Design
10
D0(Yc’)
p(p)
Inclusive p(p-,D*-) Yc*+
p(p-,D*-p)D0
Yc*+
( p(p-,D*-p)Yc’ )
(Target)
Large Acceptance: ~ 60% for D*, ~ 80% for decay p+ Good Resolution: Dp/p~0.2% at ~5 GeV/c ( Rigidity : ~2.1 Tm)
K+
p-
ps-
decayp(p+)
20 GeV/c p-
2m
Dipole mag.
RICH
ITOF
FiberTracker
DCDC
DCTOF
H2 TGT
Cross Section: s (Lc) ~ 1 nb (no meas.) PTEP2014, 103D01(2014)
R&D works in progress.
Charmed Baryon SpectroscopyUsing Missing Mass Techniques
11
Production and Decay reflect [qq] correlation… l mode excitation to be favored in t-channel.
C.S. DOES NOT go down at higher L when qeff >1 GeV/c.
p
p-
D*-
Yc*+
L
D*, Dqeff
D0
p-p-
K+
𝐷0(𝑌 𝑐∗′
)
p (p)
PTEP2014, 103D01(2014)submitted to PRD
L = 1 L = 2L = 01/2+
LcLc(2595)
Sc(2800)Sc
Sc*
Lc(2625)
Lc(2880)
Lc(2940)
s ~1 nb
Missing Mass Spectrum (Sim.)• ~1000 Yc
*/nb/100 days• Sensitivity: s ~0.1 nb for Yc
* w/ G =100 MeV1/2- 3/2- 5/2+? 3/2+?
LS partner(HQS doublet)
LS partner?(HQS doublet?)
1 : 2
3 : 2
CS -> PTEP2014, 103D01(2014)
13
N
DYc*’
p
l mode r mode
Yc* Decay Pattern
Yc* Yc
*
Yc* Decays (sim.)
14
Lc(2940)->Sc0 p+
Sc++ p-
Sc0
Sc++
NpSc ~ 200 NpSc ~ 200
Lc(2940)-> p D0
NpD ~ 320 D0 SUM
Signal
Main BG
with Lc+ p+ p- selected
(BRpSc =13%) (BRpD =20%)
* Branching ratios: Diquark corr. affects (G Lc*->pD)/ (G Lc*->Scp).
• λ and ρ mode excitations interchangesqsQQ (+SO)
X(1/2-,3/2-)
X(1/2-, 3/2-, 5/2-)
X(1/2-, 3/2-)
X*(3/2+)
X(1/2+)
Level Structure of double-Q baryons
qλ mode
ρ mode
G.S.
P-wave
15
ql
r Q-Q
q
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 50
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
MQ [GeV/c2]
* -
[]
XX
GS
MeV
Xi Baryons
16
s c
Xcc(1/2-,3/2-, 5/2-)Xcc(1/2-,3/2-)
Xcc(1/2-,3/2-)
Xcc(3/2+)
Xcc(GS, 1/2+)
X(1950, >=5/2?)
X(GS, 1/2+)
X*(1530, 3/2+)
X(1690, ??)
X(1820, 3/2-)
X(2030, ??)
KS
l
lr
Double Strange Double charm
non-rel. QM:H=H0 +Vconf +VSS+VLS+VT
-r l mixing (cal. By T. Yoshida)
Q
q
Ql
r
s c
Double Strange Baryon SpectroscopyUsing Missing Mass Techniques
17
Production and Decay reflect [QQ] correlation… u-channel production plays a role…
r mode excitation may be favored
p
K-
Xss*0L
Y*, Y
K*0 p-
K+
𝑌 𝑠∗′
(X𝑠𝑠∗ ′
)
K-(p)
JP rating
Width [MeV]
→Xp [%]
→LK [%]
→SK [%]
X(2500) ?? 1* 150?X(2370) ?? 2* 80? WK~9±4X(2250) ?? 2* 47+-27?X(2120) ?? 1* 25?X(2030) >=5/2? 3* 20+15
-5 small ~20 ~80
X(1950) ?? 3* 60+-20 seen seenX(1820) 3/2- 3* 24+15
-10 small Large Small
X(1690) ?? 3* <30 seen seen seenX(1620) ?? 1* 20~40?X(1530) 3/2+ 4* 19 100
18
LK(1610)
SK(1685)
Xp(1450)
Threshold
*LK (1908)*SK (1983)
*S K(1878)
*X p(1665)
WK(2166)
Little is known for X
• Narrow width: ~ a few 10 MeV• Decay mode: dominant?
Summary1. A general purpose spectrometer at the J-PARC High-p BL
– CHARM spectrometer will open a new platform to study hadron physics.
2. Quark-diquark structure of heavy baryons– Mass spectrum, Production Rate, and Decay Branching ratio– Information to access “wave function” of quark/diquark in
baryons
3. Systematic studies with different flavors are important to understand the internal quark-quark correlation in baryons further.
– Charmed, Strange, and Double Strange Baryons.
19
Backup slide
20
Collaboration
21
E50 collaboration:Jung-Kun Ahn1, Shuhei Ajimura2, Kazuya Aoki3, Johann Goetz4, Ryotaro Honda5, Takatsugu Ishikawa6, Chih-hsun Lin11, Yue Ma7, Koji Miwa8, Yoshiyuki Miyachi9, Yuhei Morino3, Ryotaro Muto3, Takashi Nakano2, Megumi Naruki10, Hiroyuki Noumi2, Kyoichiro Ozawa3, Fuminori Sakuma7, Shiin’ya Sawada3, Takahiro Sawada11, Kotaro Shirotori2, Yorihito Sugaya2, Tomonori Takahashi2, Kiyoshi Tanida12, Wen-Chen Chang11, and Takumi Yamaga2
1 Physics Department, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Korea 2 Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Osaka University, Osaka 567-0047, Japan 3 Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies (IPNS), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan 4 Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics, Ohio University, OH 45701, USA 5 Department of Physics, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan 6 Research Center for Electron Photon Science (ELPH), Tohoku University, Miyagi 982-0826, Japan 7 RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN, Saitama 351-0198, Japan 8 Physics Department, Tohoku University, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan 9 Physics Department, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan 10 Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan11 Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan12 Department of Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
22
JFY2015 JFY2015 JFY2016 JFY2017 JFY2018 JFY2019 JFY2020 ~
User Based Research
User Based Research
Next Term Plan at RCNP
CHARM for User Based
Research
Start up LEPS2 Exp
Start Collaboration @ J-PARC
High performance Ge Detector
PID Detectors for CHARM
CHARM SpectrometerCommissioning
Startup CHARM Exp.
2ndary Beam Diagnostic Device
CAGRA Exp.
LEPS2 for User Based Research
Start Exotic Hadron spectroscopy
3D-muon detection system
Start upStart up Exp. by means of Muon Spin Rotation
Exp with BGOegg (Tohoku/ELPH)
LE
PS
Fa
cility
Commisioning LEPS2 Main Spectrometer
Radactive Beam Line
Start up Exp. of Hyper-deformed nuclei
R&D for High Speed Elesctronic/DAQ system
Spectroscopy of Exotic/Charm Hadrons
Spectroscopy of Hyper-deformed Nuclei
Fundamental/Application Science w/ DC Muon
Su
b-ato
mic S
cience R
esearch C
enter
MuSICCommissioning
Cy
clo
tron
Fa
cility
Intense Surface Muon Beam
Ultra-High time res.Muon Spin Rotation Meas.
High Res. Beam Linei
High Res. PID detectors for LEPS2
Position Sensitive g-ray detectors
Coincidence Algorism
Start upResearch for
Superdeformed Nuclei
R&D for g-ray Tracking Algorism
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 50
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
MQ [GeV/c2]
Y* -
YG.S
. [M
eV]
Lambda Baryons (P-wave)
23
s c
non-rel. QM:H=H0 +Vconf +VSS+VLS+VT
-r l mixing (cal. By T. Yoshida)
Sc(1/2+)
Sc*(3/2+)
Lc(2595, 1/2-)Lc(2625, 3/2-)
Lc o r Sc (2765, ??)
Lc(2880, 5/2+)
Lc(2940, ??)
Lc(GS)
L(1520, 3/2-)
S(1/2+)
L(1/2+)
S*(3/2+) L(1405, 1/2-)
L(1830, 5/2-)
L(1690, ??)L(1670, 1/2-)
L(GS)
l
r
b
r
Sb(1/2+) Sb
*(3/2+)
Lb(5920, 3/2-)Lb(5912, 1/2-)
Lb(GS)
Q
l
r
Designed Spectrometer
24
Large acceptance ~ 60% (for D*), ~85% (for decay p+) Good resolution: Dp/p~0.2% at ~5 GeV/c
20 GeV/cBeam p-
D0(Yc’)
p(p)
Inclusive p(p-,D*-) Yc*+
p(p-,D*-p)D0
Yc*+
( p(p-,D*-p)Yc’ ) (Target)
R&D for Key Devices
• Particle Identification (RCNP/Kyoto/Tohoku/RIKEN…)
– Ring Image Cherenkov Detector (RICH)• High rate tracker (Tohoku/Osaka/RCNP…)
– Scintillating Fiber Tracker (SFT)– Developed in experiments at K1.8
• High-speed DAQ system (RCNP/Osaka/Taiwan/KEK…)
– PC cluster-based DAQ scheme• Flexible “trigger”: not only (p-,D*) but also (K-,K*),…
– Grand designing is in progress
25
RICH: Design
26
• High-momentum PID– Mom. range: 2-16 GeV/c
⇒ Hybrid RICH– Aerogel + C4F10 gas– MPPC detector plane– Spherical mirror
Reconstructed Cherenkov angle
• Design Performances– Efficiency: ~99%– Wrong PID: 0.10~0.14%
⇒ Background level×1.05
RICH: Test Exp. at Tohoku/ELPH
27
Mirror
Measured Cherenkov angle
Ring Image
s q ~ 3.1 mrad < 4 mrad (requirement)
24 mm
e-Beam + Air 1.5m
Fiber Tracker
28
* J-PARC beam: time structure ⇒ Narrower time gate is more essential
to suppress accidental hits.– E50: 60 M/spill (30 MHz)
• Requirements– 1 MHz/1 mm fiber– Tracking efficiency: ~99%– Thin material thickness
• Focal plane & Beam tracking• Target downstream tracking
– Detector design– Simulation study– Readout electronics development
50 ns
Scintillating fiber tracker
DC 1.5-mm DL
E10: 12 M/spill (6 MHz) beam
High-speed DAQ system
29
Rate[event/spill]
Data [GB/spill]
Beam 60 M
Reaction H2 TGT (4 g/cm2) 3.63 M 50
Filtering Condition (On-line Data Reduction)C1 (1.1-2) M 15-28
C2 160 k 2.2
C3 DC and FT] (15-23) k 0.2-0.32
Total # of Channels: ~30,000• Tracker >17,100 ch• RICH: 10,000 ch• Hi-Res Timing/TOT: ~500 ch
• Event Rate and Data Reduction
High-speed DAQ system
30
Frontend modules
* Signal digitalization Pipelined system
Buffer PCs
* Data accumulation Several 10 GB memories
Filter PCs
* Event reconstruction 100-200 CPUs
Storage Local storage Transferred to
KEKCC/RCNP
* High-speed data link
(Local)
~50 GB/spill
<0.5 GB/spill
Streaming DAQ(~50 GB/spill)
31
LoI submitted by M. Naruki and K. Shirotori
X Baryon Spectroscopy w/ the High-p Secondary Beam
• Sizable yields are expected for a month.
• Past exp.
5 GeV/c
5 GeV/c
150 mb
5 mb
Inclusive X prod. in pp
Inclusive X prod. in K-p
C.M. Jenkins et al., PRL51, 951(1983) →
p(K-,K+) spectra
• Is the N* with a hidden c-cbar?• can be excited on its mass with 10 GeV/c pion
beam at J-PARC.• Its decay modes to .• Its family?
32
𝑌 𝑐
𝐷
𝑁
𝜋𝑷 𝒄
Lc(2880)
Lc(2940)
Sc*(2520)
Sc(2455)
Lc(2880)Belle, PRL98, 262001(’07)
Lc(2880)->pSc(2455)
Lc(2765)?
J=5/2 → J’=1/2
Lp=3 transition
JP=5/2+ for Lc(2880)
Lp=1 contribution may affect…
(G Lc(2880)->pSc(2455))(G Lc(2880)->pSc
*(2520))
Is it a D-wave Lambda-c Baryon?If so, where is a spin partner ?
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 50
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
MQ [GeV/c2]
Y* -
YG.S
. [M
eV]
Lambda Baryons (P-wave)
34
s c
non-rel. QM:H=H0 +Vconf +VSS+VLS+VT
-r l mixing (cal. By T. Yoshida)
Sc(1/2+)
Sc*(3/2+)
Lc(2595, 1/2-)Lc(2625, 3/2-)
Lc o r Sc (2765, ??)
Lc(2880, 5/2+)
Lc(2940, ??)
Lc(GS)
L(1520, 3/2-)
S(1/2+)
L(1/2+)
S*(3/2+) L(1405, 1/2-)
L(1830, 5/2-)
L(1690, ??)L(1670, 1/2-)
L(GS)
l
r
b
r
Sb(1/2+) Sb
*(3/2+)
Lb(5920, 3/2-)Lb(5912, 1/2-)
Lb(GS)
Q
l
r
KN
Strange Baryon SpectroscopyUsing Missing Mass Techniques
35
Production and Decay reflect [qq] correlation…
p
p-
K*0
Ys*0
L
K*, Kqeff
p-
K+
𝑝 (𝑌 𝑠∗′
)
K- (p)
L(1405)
36
S(1
385)
S(1
385)
L(14
05)
(a)(p-,K*0) w/ pS decayL(
1520
)(b)(p+,K*+) w/ pS decay
S(1
775)
S(1
775)
Production rate tells how L(1405)/L(1520) deviates from/follows the quark-diquark configuration.
I = 0, 1 I = 1 only
Quark counting rule in hadron reactions
37
0K (1405)p
1-100 pb
J-PARC
𝑑𝜎𝑑Ω
1/ 𝑠𝑛−2H. Kawamura, et al., PRD 88, 034010 (2013)
Taken from T. Sekihara’s Slide
High-speed DAQ system
38
Common features– TDC base data taking– Pipelined data transfer with a high-speed data link.
• MPPC readout– Upgraded EASIROC: CITIROC/PETIROC chips
⇒ Open-It project with KEK electronics group
• Wire chamber readout– ASD + TDC readout modules
• High resolution TDC module– TDC + discrete amp– TDC LSB: ~25 ps
* Module R&D needs resources. However, those modules can be standard modules for the hadron hall experiments and so on.
High-speed DAQ system
39
Conventional trigger– Hardware trigger– Specific modules
⇒ Special trigger system
• Difficulties and disadvantages– No flexibility for byproducts – Module developing needs
cost and resources– Only available for E50
Planned E50 trigger On-line event reconstruction PC clusters
⇒ Flexible trigger system
• Advantages Flexibility for byproducts Cost of PCs having many
CPUs are low.
• Disadvantage Members have no experience.
Decay Properties
40
qqQ
qqq
r mode (qq) l mode [qq] (G Sc p ) > (G pD)
(G Sc p ) < (G pD)
Strategy
1. Charmed baryon spectroscopy.Key issue is the p(p-,D*-)Lc cross section…
“C.S. ~ 1 nb” can be confirmed in ~10 days or so.– Go to the 2nd step when the C.S. << 1 nb.
2. Hyperon spectroscopy via (p-,K*0)… – Diquark motions ( /l r mode ID) for known states
Production Rate: favor l-mode ↔ r-mode through /l r mixing Decay Branching Ratio: G(NK)/G(pY) in terms of /l r modes
– x1000~10000 higher statistics
41
42
Populated states via p(p-,K*0)XL state Rate
(Rel.)
0L1/2+(1116) 1000 S1/2+(1192) 49S3/2+(1385) 244
1
lL1/2-(1405) 72L3/2-(1520) 127
r
L1/2-(1670) 7S3/2-(1690) 4L3/2- (1690) 13
l
S1/2- (1750) 4S5/2- (1775) 18
2L3/2+(1890) 25L5/2+(1820) 52
Cal. w/ t-channel K* ex. reaction at pp = 5 GeV/c
• l mode stateswell populated
• r mode statesexcited through / l r mixing (Pmix)
Pmix(strange) is given,
Pmix(charm) could be deduced.
Pmix(strange) > Pmix(charm)
S.H. Kim, A. Hosaka, H.C. Kim, HN, K. Shirotori, arXiv:submit/0978210, 14 May, 2014.
43
Hyperon production via p(p-,K*0)X• K- p decay
– K- tagged, Missing “p” gated
• p+Σ- decay– p+ tagged, Missing “Σ” gated
Inclusive
K- p decay
p+ S- decay
Green: BG
4x1011 pions (3 days)
p
S
BG
BG
44
Hyperon production via p(p-,K*0)X• K- p decay
– K- tagged, Missing “p” gated
• p+Σ- decay– p+ tagged, Missing “Σ” gated
Inclusive
K- p decay
p+ S- decay
Green: BG
4x1011 pions (3 days)
S
BG
BG
p
45
Hyperon production via p(p-,K*0)X• K- p decay
– K- tagged, Missing “p” gated
• p+Σ- decay– p+ tagged, Missing “Σ” gated
Inclusive
K- p decay
p+ S- decayS
BG
BG
HQ Doublet
5/2+ 3/2+
3 : 2
L = 2p
Hyperon Production (Fitting Results)• Extract 7 states.
– Constraint from known M & G
– BG: 5th O. Polynomial F.
• Cross Section– / l r mode ID– / l r mixing: Pmix(strange)
(r-mode C.S.)– HQ spin multiplets
• G (KN)/ G (pY)– / l r mode ID
Inclusive
K- p decay
p+ S- decay
L(1890)(3/2+)L(1820)(5/2+)
S(1775)(5/2-)S(1750)(1/2-)
L(1670)(1/2-)
L(1690)(3/2-)
S(1670)(??)
Decay mode: G (NK)/ G (pS)
47
• Hyperon data indicate mode dependence → Errors should be improved.• No data in charmed baryons
0 0.5 1
KN/(KN+pS)
L(1890)3/2+L(1820)5/2+
S(1750)1/2-
S(1670)3/2- L(1670)1/2-
L(1690)3/2-
S(1775)1/2-
L(1520)3/2-
PDG Data
lr
• l/r mode ID by productions correlate w/ Decay Ratios → to be established• The ratios <-> Pmix(strange)
lr
Decay mode: G (NK)/ G (pS)
48
• Hyperon data indicate mode dependence → Errors should be improved.• No data in charmed baryons
0 0.5 1
KN/(KN+pS)
L(1890)3/2+L(1820)5/2+
S(1750)1/2-
S(1670)3/2- L(1670)1/2-
L(1690)3/2-
S(1775)1/2-
L(1520)3/2-
0 0.5 1
KN/(KN+pS)
L(1890)3/2+L(1820)5/2+
S(1750)1/2-
S(1670)3/2- L(1670)1/2-
L(1690)3/2-
S(1775)1/2-
L(1520)3/2-
PDG Data Expected
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 50
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
MQ [MeV/c2]
Y* -
YG.S
. [M
eV]
Baryon spectroscopy in different flavors
49
s c
non-rel. QM:H=H0 +Vconf +VSS+VLS+VT
-r l mixing (cal. By T. Yoshida)
Sc(1/2+)
Lc(1/2+)
Sc(3/2+)
Lc(1/2-,3/2-)
Sc(1/2-,3/2-)
Sc(1/2-,3/2-)Lc(1/2-,3/2-,5/2-)
Lc(1/2-,3/2-)S
c(1/2 -,3/2 -,5/2 -)
S(1/2-,3/2-,5/2-)S(1/2-,3/2-)
S(1/2-,3/2-)L(1/2-,3/2-,5/2-)
L(1/2-,3/2-)
S(1/2+)
L(1/2+)
S(3/2+)
L(1/2-,3/2-)l
ll
r rr
Strange baryons Charmed baryons
Peak fitting for p(p+,K*+)S*+
50
(p+,K*+) w/ KN decay
S(1670)(??)
S(1775)(5/2-)S(1750)(1/2-)
M and G of 3 S*+’s are fixed first.
Expected Yield• Conditions
– s(p(p-,K*0)L)= 53 mb, others: cal. by t-ch. K* ex. model– t-channel dominance: ~exp{2.5(t-t0)}– 10 MeV mass resolution, DW(K*0) ~ 70% – BG source: JAM at pp=5 GeV/c
• Yield for 1013 pions ( 100 days w/ 7 Mpps)– 4 g/cm2 H2 TGT
– Large production yield: ~6 M/1mb (w/ εana~0.5)– Large decay events: DW(pS/KN) ~ 70%
• 210 k for L* -> K-p, 140 k for L* -> p-S+ if br(10%)51
52
High-res., High-momentum Beam Line• High-intensity secondary Pion beam
• High-resolution beam: Dp/p~0.1%
Dispersive Focal Point (DFP)Dp/p~0.1%
Collimator
15kW Loss Target(SM)
Exp. Target (FF)
Pion BeamUp to 20 GeV/c
53
High-res., High-momentum Beam Line• High-intensity secondary Pion beam
• High-resolution beam: Dp/p~0.1%
D D DDQDQQ QQ QQ QQ (QQQQ)DD
S S S
Collimator for Beam Re-define
Dispersive Focal PlaneFor Mom. Meas.
ProductionTarget
Exp. Target
Spectrometercollection Dispersion
Basic performances• Resolution
Missing mass resolution○ Lc
+: 16.0 MeV
○ Lc(2880)+: 9.0 MeV
• Acceptance for D*- (K+p-p-): 50-60% for decay particles: ~85%
* complete coverage cos q > -0.5
exp(bt)
Isotropic in CM
Acceptance: D*- detection
Lc(2940)+ → Sc(2455)0 + p+
Forward direction(Beam direction)
54
Backup slides for estimation of the production Cross Section
55
56
Calculated production rates (revised)pp=20 GeV/c
Mass(GeV/c)
“ud” isospin factor
Yc*
Spin factorqeff
(GeV/c)Rate
(Relative)
Lc1/2+ 2286 1/2 1 1.33 1
Sc1/2+ 2455 1/6 1/9 1.43 0.03
Sc3/2+ 2520 1/6 8/9 1.44 0.17
Lc1/2- 2595 1/2 1/3 1.37 0.93
Lc3/2- 2625 1/2 2/3 1.38 1.75
Sc1/2- 2750 1/6 1/27 1.49 0.02
Sc3/2- 2820 1/6 2/27 1.50 0.04
Sc1/2- ’ 2750 1/6 2/27 1.49 0.05
Sc3/2- ’ 2820 1/6 56/135 1.50 0.21
Sc5/2- ’ 2820 1/6 2/5 1.50 0.21
Lc3/2+ 2940 1/2 2/5 1.42 0.49
Lc5/2+ 2880 1/2 3/5 1.41 0.86
L=0
L=1
L=2
57
Populated states: (p-,K*0)pp=4.5 GeV/c
Mass(GeV/c)
isospin factor
Spin factor
qeff
(GeV/c)Rate
(Relative)(s mb)
L1/2+ 1116 1/2 1 0.29 1 53(+-2)*S1/2+ 1192 1/6 1/9 0.32 0.049 2.6S3/2+ 1385 1/6 8/9 0.38 0.244 12.9
lL1/2- 1405 1/2 1/3 0.36 0.072 3.8L3/2- 1520 1/2 2/3 0.40 0.127 6.7
r
L1/2- 1670 0.007 0.4S3/2- 1690 0.004 0.2L3/2- ’ 1690 0.013 0.7
l
S1/2- ’ 1750 1/6 2/27 0.53 0.004 0.2S5/2- ’ 1775 1/6 2/5 0.55 0.018 1.0L3/2+ 1890 1/2 2/5 0.56 0.025 1.3L5/2+ 1820 1/2 3/5 0.52 0.052 2.8
L=0
L=1
L=2
excited through l/r mixing
58
Production Rate
• t-channel D* Reggeon at a forward angle
and depend on:
1. Spin/Isospin Config. of Yc
2. Momentum transfer (qeff)
Production Rates are determined by the overlap of WFs
)2(exp)(~ 22 A/-q/AqI effL
effL
A~0.42 GeV ([Baryon size]-1)qeff~1.4 GeV/c
Spin/Isospin Factor
iefff rqiR )exp(2 ~
D* (q: mom. transfer)
p- D*-
p Yc+
L“ud” “ud”
u c
A. Hosaka et al.,paper in preparation.
59
Production Cross SectionA. Hosaka et al., paper in preparation.
1 101E-05
1E-04
1E-03
1E-02
1E-01
1E+00
1E+01
1E+02
1E+03
s/s0
s (m
b/sr
) p(p-,K*)L
pp=20 GeV/c
p(p-,D*)Lc<7nbat BNL
exp.
10 nb
0.1 nb
• Experimental data:– s (p(p--,D*-)Lc) < 7 nb (68%CL) (BNL exp., 1985)– BG spectrum is well reproduced by a MC simulation w/ JAM
• Regge Theory suggests 10-4 of the hyperon production– s (p(p--,D*-)Lc) ~ a few nb
Regge Theory
J.H. Christensen et al., PRL55, 154(1985)
+ JAM- Data
D*
Comment on the Coupling Constant
• Comparison of gD*D*p/gK*K*p and gLcND/gLNK*
– Estimated by means of the Light Cone QCD Sum Rule
– Exp. Data
• Taking gD*D*p/gK*K*p~1, gLcND*/gLNK*~0.67
→ We still expect s (p(p-,D*)Lc) ~a few nb.
gK*K*p gD*D*p gD*D*p/gK*K*p
3.5* 4.5 1.3
gK*Kp gD*Dp gD*Dp/gK*Kp
4.5* 7.5 1.7
A. Khodjamirian et al.EJPA48, 31(2012)
gLNK* gLcND* gLcND*/gLNK*
-6.1+2.1-2.0 -5.8+2.1
-2.5 0.95+0.35-0.28
gLNK gLcND gLcND/gLNK
7.3+2.6-2.8 10.7+5.3
-4.3 1.47+0.58-0.44
gK*Kp gD*Dp gD*Dp/gK*Kp
~4.5 8.95+-0.15+-0.9 ~2+-0.2
M.E. Bracco et al.Prog. Part Nucl. Phys. 67, 1019(2012)
*note:g[Bracco]/2=g[Khodjamirian]
60
Comparison in strange sector
1 10 1000.1
1
10
100
1000pi-p->K0Lambdapi-p->K0Sigma0pi-p -> K*0Lambdapi-p->K*0Sigma0pi-p -> K0Lambda(1405)pi-p -> K0Lambda(1520)pi-p->fnSeries23
s/s0
s(m
b)
s s∝ -a
61
Backup slides for the BG studies
62
Considered BG for BG reduction
63
1. Main background– Strangeness production including the (K+, p-, ps
-) final state
2. Wrong particle identification– Dominant cases: (p+, p-, ps
-), (p, p-, ps-)
• PID miss-identification of p/p as K+: ~3%• Productions of and p are ~10 times higher than K.
– Contribution of other combinations are negligible.• (K+, K-, s
-), (K+, -, Ks-), ( +, K-, s
-), (p, K-, s-), …
– Semi-leptonic decay channels: (K+, m-, ps-) (K+, e-, ps
-) • D0 mass cannot be reconstructed.
3. Associated charm production: Including D*-
– D** production: D**0, -→D*- + p+,0
– D0,+ + D*-, D*0,+ + D*- pair production– Hidden charm meson (J/y, y, cc) production: Decay to D*-
JAM (PRC61 (2000) 024901 )3.4 mb
26 mb
Very Small and No peak structure : shoulder at ~2.45 GeV/c2
Main backgroundAll events including K+, p-, p-
* Less information from old experiments s Total of p- p @ 16 GeV/c : 25.7 mb ⇔ Strangeness production: 3.4 mb
⇒ A few mbMore than 106 times
higher than Yc* signals (1 nb)
• Background source K*0(→K+, p-) + p-
KKbar (K*K*bar) production + p-
Y K+ + p-
Non-resonant multi-meson production
* No special channel contributes to background
• Background generation Y. Nara et.al. Phys. Rev. C61 (2000) 024901
JAM (Jet AA Microscopic transport model)○ Use K+ and p- distribution from p- p reaction at 20 GeV/c
• s = 2.4 mb for (K+, p-, p-)
○ ssbar production multiplicity: ~1 (2 K+event: ~3%)
p- p reaction@ 16 GeV/c
J. W. Waters et al, NPB17 (1970) 445
Strangeness production C.S.
64
String model for JAMString model region in JAM: 4 GeV <√s < 10 GeV (~6.2 GeV for 20 GeV/c)• String production by hadron-hadron collision
String(hadron) + String(hadron)→st(qqbar) + st(qqq) + st(qqbar) + …
• String collision Not considered: Hadronization at first Hadron-hadron collisions⇒ Color flux between strings was not also considered.
Hadronization model: Lund model
• qqbar production rate: uubar: ddbar : ssbar: ccbar = 1 : 1 : 0.3 : 10-11
• Input of production rate not obeyed to the spin (3S1, 1S0) statistics r/(p+r) = 0.5, K*/(K+K*)=0.6, D*/(D+D*)=0.75
* Almost same as of PYTHIA
Difference from PYTHIA String collision: Used simplified input model Hadronization process: Input parameters of resonances are different. Hard process
⇒To be checked by experimental data
65
JAM simulation check
Old data by BNL & CERN:
Invariant mass: M(K+p-p-) & M(K+ p-) p- + p →Yc* + D*- @ 13 GeV/c, 19 GeV/c
• Background shape: Reproduced• D*- mass region (±20 MeV) events (BNL: 13 GeV/c data)
Data: 230 ± 15 counts (stat.) ⇔ Simulation: 240 ± 50 counts (stat. + sys.)
⇒ Old data background reproduced with small ambiguity (20-30%)
D*- mass
DataJAM simulation
M(K+p-) [GeV/c2]
D0 mass
M(K+p-p-) [GeV/c2]
66
_
_
_
CERN19 GeV/c data
B. Ghidini et al.NPB 111, 189 (1976)
BNL13 GeV/c data
J.H. Christenson et al. PRL 55, 154 (1985)
JAM simulation check: M(K+ p-)CERN19 GeV/c data
B. Ghidini et al.NPB 111, 189 (1976)
DataJAM simulation
PYTHIA simulation
M(K+p-) [GeV/c2] M(K+p-) [GeV/c2]
D0 mass_
D0 mass_
Peak position normalized
67
Backup slides for the BG reduction
68
Background reduction• S/N improvement (reduction factor):
Mass resolution: 2x106
Decay angle cut: 2 Production angle cut 4 (depends on ds/dt)
“True D0”mass
K+
p-“Fake D0”mass
K+
p-
Signal Background
K+ scattering angle in CM K+ scattering angle in CM
SignalSimulationw/ acceptance
JAMSimulationw/ acceptance
pK
pp
pK
pp
Reduction = 3.8
Acceptance = 0.58
69
Background reductionTotal cross section @ 20 GeV/c: 25.1 mb
(K+, p-, p-) final state: 2.43 mb D0 mass region (1.852-1.878 GeV/c2): 21.7 mb (1/112) D*- tagging (Q = 4.3-7.5 MeV): 50.2 nb (1/434)
○ Old experiment: 1/100 by 4 time worse resolution
Acceptance: 1.2 nb (1/43)○ Detector: 50% for D* tagged background events
○ Momentum cut (pK+ & p -p > 2.0 GeV/c, Soft p- = 0.5-1.7 GeV/c)
• Total reduction: 112×434×43 ~ 2×106
S/N ratioBackground reduction• Total reduction: 112×434×43 ~ 2×106
• Event selection: 16
• Signal: 12 nb (1 nb×12 states) B.R.×0.026 0.312 nb⇒ Event selection×1/2 0.156 nb⇒
• BG: 2.43 mb ((K+, p-, p-) final state) 0.081 nb
⇒ S/N = 2.1 for D0 and D* mass region
S/N estimation• Signal: 12×1000 = 12000 counts• BG: 12000/2.1 = 5700 counts
⇒ Mass region: 2.2-3.4 GeV ⇒ ~5 counts/MeV
⇒ S/N = 1000/150 ~ 7 30 MeV region: 150 counts
• S/√N = 100/√1000 ~ 3 Signal: s= 0.1 nb, G = 100 MeV: 100 counts⇒ BG: 200 MeV region 1000 counts⇒
D0, D*- spectrum
• Full condition の 1/7 event, 12 nb in total: ~ 3200 events• Invariant mass を組むだけだと peak は見えない
BG が連続的な分布なので fitting すれば有意な peak と認識される
D0, D*- spectrum
• 1/7 event, 12 nb in total: ~ 3200 events• D0 cut で D*- の peak が確認できる
BG only
BG + SignalBG + Signal
BG only
73
D0, D*- spectrum
• Full condition の 1/7 event, 12 nb in total: ~ 2000 events• t-channel dominance を利用した event selection
Clear な peak が見える
Decay measurementSetup modification
Performances
75
Decay measurement
• Method: Mainly Forward scattering due Lorentz boost (q < 40°) Horizontal direction: Internal tracker and Surrounding TOF wall Vertical direction: Internal tracker and Pole PAD TOF detector
• Mass resolution: ~ 10 MeV(rms) Only internal detector tracking at the target downstream
• PID requirement: TOF time difference ( p & K) ⇒ DT > 500 ps Decay particle has slow momentum: < 1.0 GeV/c
Internal tracker
Beam
Target
Surrounding TOF wall
Beam Target
Magnet pole
Pole PAD TOF wall
Magnet pole
76
Decay missing mass spectrum: SUM
*Full event w/ background/ No “Lc+ p+ p- gated”
• Continuum background shape around Sc mass region
• Background events from Lc were the same as of (K+p-p-)
• Better S/N of p- tag. event than p+ tag.
Sc0 p+ Sc
++ p-
Lc+ p+ p- p D0
Sc0
Sc++
Lc+ D0
77
Study condition
• Assumed decay mode for Lc*+(JP = 3/2+, M = 2.94 GeV/c2) N + D: G = 0.4 ⇒ p D0: 0.2, n D+ :0.2 Sc + p: G = 0.4 ⇒ Sc
++ p-: 0.4/3, Sc+ p0: 0.4/3, Sc
0 p+: 0.4/3○ Decay to Sc(2455) assumed
Lc + p + : p G = 0.2 ⇒ Lc+ p+ p-: 0.1, Lc
+ p0 p0: 0.1
• Yield estimation @ 1 nb case (~1900 counts) p D0: 0.2 1900×0.2×0.8 = ~300⇒ Sc
++,0 p-,+: 0.4/3 1900×0.4/3×0.8 = ~200⇒○ Forward scattering of protons○ Wider scattering angle of pions○ Combined with 4-body D0 decay mode: 3 times larger yield
• D0→K+ p- (B.R.= 3.88%, acceptance = ~60%)
+ D0→ K+ p- p+ p- (B.R.= 8.07%, acceptance=~50%)• Background level of 4-body case is larger. But, it can be combined.
78
Comments• Decay measurement
Forward charged particle detection○ Particles scattered to q<40° due to Lorentz boost
Enough acceptance and angular coverage○ Pole PAD detector & internal TOF wall are used.
• Signal counts Combine 2-body and 4-body D0 decay channels
○ Sc p mode: > 500 counts
○ p D mode: > 800 counts
Braining ratio obtained with ~5% statistical error○ Assumed branching ratio @ 1 nb case & 100 days beam time
Angular distribution○ S, P, D-wave can be measured.○ Both polar and azimuthal angle can be measured.
• Other decay channels: Neutral channels p0 detection: Adding collimator n D+ mode: Downstream neutron counter
79
• λ and ρ motions split (Isotope Shift)• Spin-dependent Int. + Sij sisj
Λc(Pρ,cs) 1/2-, 3/2-, 5/2-
Sc(1/2+)
Λc(1/2+)
“Schematic” Level Structure of Heavy Baryons
λ mode
ρ mode
G.S.
P-wave
80
Ql
q-qQ
rq-q
Sc*(3/2+)
Λc(Pρ,cl) 1/2-, 3/2-
Sc(Pl,cs) 1/2-, 3/2-, 5/2-
Sc(Pl,cl) 1/2-, 3/2-
Sc(Pρ,cr) 1/2-, 3/2-
Λc(Pl,cl) 1/2-, 3/2-
mQ = mq mQ > mq
λ/ρ mode split(Isotope shift)
• λ and ρ motions split (Isotope Shift)• Spin-dependent Int.
“Schematic” Level Structure of Heavy Baryons
λ mode
ρ mode
G.S.
P-wave
81
Ql
q-qQ
rq-q
Λc(Pρ,cl)
Λc(Pρ,cs) Sc(Pl,cs)
Sc(Pl,cl)
Sc(Pρ,cr)
Λc(Pl,cl)
mQ = mq mQ > mq
λ/ρ mode split(Isotope shift)
+ Sij sisj
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 50
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
MQ [MeV/c2]
Y* -
YG.S
. [M
eV]
Baryon spectroscopy in different flavors
82
s c
non-rel. QM:H=H0 +Vconf +VSS+VLS+VT
-r l mixing (cal. By T. Yoshida)
Sc(1/2+)
Lc(1/2+)
Sc(3/2+)
Lc(1/2-,3/2-)
Sc(1/2-,3/2-)
Sc(1/2-,3/2-)Lc(1/2-,3/2-,5/2-)
Lc(1/2-,3/2-)S
c(1/2 -,3/2 -,5/2 -)
S(1/2-,3/2-,5/2-)S(1/2-,3/2-)
S(1/2-,3/2-)L(1/2-,3/2-,5/2-)
L(1/2-,3/2-)
S(1/2+)
L(1/2+)
S(3/2+)
L(1/2-,3/2-)l
ll
r rr
Strange baryons Charmed baryons
Level structure (Exp.)
83
1830 5/2-
1800 1/2-1690 3/2-1670 1/2-
1775 5/2-1750 1/2-1690 ??1670 1/2-
1580 3/2-1620 1/2-
1520 3/2-
1405 3/2-
1116 1/2+
1192 1/2+
1383 3/2+
SL ScLc
2286 1/2+
2455 1/2+
2519 3/2+2593 1/2-
2628 3/2-
2765 ??2880 5/2+?
2940 ??
2800 ??
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
Lh(1663)
Sh(1740)
KN(1432)
Sp(1330)
K*N(1830)
*S p(1520)
Threshold
DN(2800)
Sp(2590)
D*N(2950)
*S p(2650)
Threshold
JP rating
Width [MeV]
→NK [%]
→Lp [%]
→Sp [%]
S(1940) 3/2- 4* 220 <20 seen SeenS(1915) 5/2+ 3* 120 5-15 seen Seen
Λ(1890) 3/2+ 4* 95 20~35 3~10S(1880) 1/2+ 2* 220?S(1840) 3/2+ 1* 120?
Λ(1830) 5/2- 4* 95 3~10 35~75Λ(1820) 5/2+ 4* 80 55~65 8~14Λ(1810) 1/2+ 3* 150 20~50 10~40
Λ(1800) 1/2- 3* 300 25~40 SeenS(1775) 5/2- 4* 120 37~43 14-20 2-5Σ(1750) 1/2- 3* 90 10~40
seen<8 (Sh)15~55
Σ(1690) ?? 2*Λ(1690) 3/2- 4* 60 20~30 20~40
Σ(1670) 3/2- 4* 60 7~13 5~15 30-60Λ(1670) 1/2- 4* 35 20~30 25~55
Σ(1620) 1/2- 1*Σ(1580) 3/2- 1*
Λ(1520) 4* 19 45+-1 42+-1 84
KN(1432)
Lh(1710)
Sh(1790)
Sp(1330)
Threshold
K*N(1830)
*S p(1520)
Y* production and decay channels• Production
p- + p → L*, S*0 + K*0 (Ks0)
○ From K*0 → K+ p- reconstruction
p- + p → S*- + K*+ (K+)○ From K*+ → Ks
0 + p+ → p+ p- p+ reconstruction
* Both channels are needed to study each Y* resonance
• Decay KbarN mode
○ L* → K- p, K0bar n, (S*0 →K- p, K0
bar n)
○ S*- → K- n
pY mode○ L* → S- p+, S0 p0, S+ p- (S*0 → L p0, S- p+, S0 p0, S+ p- )○ S*-→ L p-, S- p0, S0 p-
* Detection of charged p or K
Simulation conditions• JAM simulation: p- + p reaction @ pp = 5 GeV/c (√s = 3.21 GeV)
w/ Charmed baryon spectrometer system
⇒ To check background K*0 → K+ p- reconstruction (B.R. = 0.67) K*+ → Ks
0 + p+ → p+ p- p+ reconstruction (B.R. = 0.67×0.5×0.69 = 0.23)
Production angle: Isotropic in CM
• Yield
* Np = 1.0×1012
7 M/spill ×10 days 10 M/spill×7 days
⇒ NY* = 1.0 [mb] × 10-6 ×10-24×4.0 [g/cm2]×6.02×1023
×1.0×1012×0.5 (acceptance)×0.5 (efficiency)
= ~6.0×105 events (no branching ratio)
Acceptance
• Method: Mainly Forward scattering due Lorentz boost (q < 40°) Horizontal direction
○ Internal tracker and Surrounding TOF wall
Vertical direction○ Internal tracker and Pole PAD TOF detector
⇒ ~70% acceptance for K* detection
• Decay measurement: Angle in CM
⇒ Both pole and azimuthal angles: cosq > -0.5* Minor change of detector system needed
Beam Target
Magnet pole
Beam
Target
Internal tracker
Pole PAD TOF wallSurrounding TOF wall
Magnet pole
Signal responsesp(p-,K*0) ,L S0 and p(p-,K*+)S-
Peaking background
• Wrong combination of the K*0 background makes a fake peak. K*0 inv. mass background: K+ + slow p- from L→p p- event
• qK* selection enhanced peak structure
⇒ Only around 2.2 GeV/c region: All states have same structure. Peak with depends on width of the state. Continuum structure
• Contribution from higher K* resonance: Being checked
p- p -> L K*0
K*0 mass selectionp- p -> L K*0
K*0 mass selection+ qK* < 10°
Continuum structureup to a fake peak
Peaking background
• Wrong combination of the K*0 background makes a fake peak. K*0 inv. mass background: K+ + slow p- from L→p p- event
• qK* selection enhanced peak structure
⇒ Only around 2.2 GeV/c region: All states have same structure. Peak with depends on width of the state. Continuum structure
• Contribution from higher K* resonance: Being checked
p- p -> L(1690) K*0
K*0 mass selectionp- p -> L(1690) K*0
K*0 mass selection+ qK* < 10°
Continuum structureup to a fake peak
Invariant mass spectrum
• Signal: Only signals generated• Background: JAM simulation output result
Signal SignalSignal
K*0 KS0 K*+
Background BackgroundBackground
K*0 KS0 K*+
r
Decay missing mass: K*0 channel (L*)
• Signal: Only signals generated• Background: JAM simulation output result
Signal: K- p mode Signal: p- S+ modeSignal: p+ S- mode
p
BG: K- p mode BG: p- S+ modeBG: p+ S- mode
p
S-
S-
S+
S+
L
p
Summary• Large Acceptance• Peaking background
K+ (K0) + slow p: wrong combination makes a fake peak at ~2.2 GeV/c2
○ No affect < 2 GeV
Continuum BG above the Resonance mass○ No affect peak shapes
• Missing mass spectrum Major structure can be observed in the inclusive spectrum. /l r mode separation
○ Improve S/N in coincidence with a decay mode
Possible selection: Prod./Decay modes/Angular Dist.○ Decay Branching Ratios○ Production rate, density matrix
• Background Estimation Major structure can be observed at the signal level of 1 mb. BG shape seems a smooth function.
○ BG subtraction should be demonstrated.
Trigger
DAQ for charm experiment• Front-end
Fiber tracker: EASIROC DC: Belle2 CDC system SSD: APV25s1 PMT1 (RICH): DRS4 or EASIROC PMT2 (Timing counter): DRS4
* LVDS signals are used for trigger.
• Trigger generation FPGA (UT3)⇒1. Trigger merger: Event tagging
○ Signal を 64 ns ごとに event tag をつけ UT3 に転送 (c.f. E16: Detector→merger ( LVDS )、 merger→UT3 (光))
2. UT3: Trigger generation○ ここがいわゆる FPGA trigger を作る場所
3. Trigger distributer○ 各 distributer を clock 同期させ UT3 からの trigger 信号を module に送る
* Trigger 生成関連 module は E16 と共通 Module 数は読みだす channel 数に依る (c.f. E16: 97156 ch)
• Trigger: Mass trigger Momentum analysis by DCs and fiber tracker
97
Trigger rate estimation for charmReaction rate: 3.63×106 /2.0 sec spill (LH2:4.0 g/cm2, 6.0×107 /spill)
Charged track rate: 3×106 /2.0 sec spill Average charged track multiplicity: 4
Momentum analysis in trigger level TOF >=2 & ITOF(negative) >=1 & SFT >=3 Momentum analysis by DC & Fiber Charge information
⇒ Mass calculation from any positive and negative charge particles○ Mass assumed as positive = K+ and negative = p-
⇒ Mass > 1.50 GeV/c & p+ + p- > 11.0 GeV/c : 5-10 kHz○ 5% mass resolution (~4s from D0 mass)○ No accidental hits
DAQ system trigger rate capability: 20 kHz (90% efficiency) Less than 10 kHz needed for by-product trigger
Momentum analysis Tracking: Trackers at the entrance and exit of the dipole magnet Transfer matrix: A few order of matrix needed Momentum resolution: 2-5% (Cell size position resolution)
98
Trigger Rate and Yield EstimationsReaction rate: 7.2×105 /2.0 sec spill (360 kHz)
LH2: 4.0 g/cm2, 10 M /spill
Charged track rate: 6.8×105 /2.0 sec spill (340 kHz) Average charged track multiplicity: 2.8 2(56%), 4(37%), 6(4.2%) ⇒
Momentum analysis in trigger level TOF or ITOF >= 2 & SFT >= 2 Momentum analysis by DC & Fiber Charge information
⇒ Mass calculation from any positive and negative charge particles○K*0 : Mass assumed as positive = K+ and negative = p-
○KS0 : Mass assumed as positive = p+ and negative = p-
Trigger rate
*K*0: 0.8 < Mass < 1.0 GeV/c2: 45 kHz @ 4 g/cm2, 10 M/spill
*KS0: 0.44 < Mass < 0.55 GeV/c2: 31 kHz @ 4 g/cm2, 10 M/spill
DAQ system trigger rate capability: 20 kHz (90% efficiency)
*Np = 1.0×1012
7 M/spill ×10 days 10 M/spill×7 days
⇒ NY* = 1.0 [mb] × 10-6 ×10-24×4.0 [g/cm2]×6.02×1023 ×1.0×1012
×0.5 (acceptance)×0.5 (efficiency)
= ~6×105 events (no branching ratio)
How to check trigger system• Use known reaction: Hyperon production
p- p → L KS0 (~300 mb @ 4.5 GeV/c)
p- p → L K*0 (~130 mb @ 4.5 GeV/c) (p- p → n r0)
* 100 mb ~1.0×10⇒ 4 events/h @ 1 g/cm2, 1 M/spill CH2 target is available for checking displaced vertex method.
• From L detection study w/ and w/o mass trigger Beam rate responses: Start from low beam intensity
○ Efficiency
Bias of trigger○ Momentum dependence: Detector position dependences○ Errors: Event slip
* Trigger system can be checked by various methods. With semi-online analysis Including momentum calibration and so on
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Backup slides for Spectroscopy of QQq system
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0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 50
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
MQ [GeV/c2]
* -
[]
XX
GS
MeV
qQQ Baryon spectroscopy
102
s c
Xcc(1/2+)
Xcc(1/2-,3/2-)
Xcc(1/2-,3/2-,5/2-)
Xcc(1/2-,3/2-)
X(1/2-,3/2-,5/2-)
X(1/2-,3/2-)
X(1/2+)
X(3/2+)
X(1/2-,3/2-)
l
lr
Double Strange Double charm
non-rel. QM:H=H0 +Vconf +VSS+VLS+VT
-r l mixing (cal. By T. Yoshida)
Structure and Decay Partial Width
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qqQ
qQQ
r mode (QQ) l mode [QQ]
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