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Marine Aquaculture
PORTFOLIO COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES
01 JULY 2009
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Human Settlement
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Business Process
EnforcementPartners (SAPS, SARS, SANPARKS)
Monitoring Control & Surveillance
Marine ResourceManagement
Integrated Coastal Management & Development
Research
Industry Stakeholders
Stakeholders (public, NGOs)
Universities, Research Councils
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• Definition: “Culture of marine aquatic organisms including fish, molluscs, crustaceans and plants either in cages within the shallow waters of the ocean or structures on land fed by sea-water”
• It is the intimate association with the coastal region that creates the uniqueness in these ventures
• Aquaculture contributes 50% of fish production worldwide
• SA production relatively low
• However, the abalone sector-10% growth vs global 9%(10tons-1996, 1000 tons-2008)
BACKGROUND
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Restructuring of Gov. May 2009
• DEAT functions transferred to 3 new depts
– Tourism
– DWE
– DAFF
• Most function of MCM are controlled by the Marine Living Resources Act and the Integrated Coastal Management Act
• Marine aquaculture function has been transferred to DAFF
• Rest of the functions have been transferred to DWE
• President signed proclamation on 26 June 2009
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Proclamations
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Proclamation ……
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Aquaculture Production data – SA (Marine & Freshwater)
Marine Aquaculture Freshwater Aquaculture
Species Quantity (Tons)
Value (Million R)
Species Production(Tons)
Value(Million R)
Abalone 1000 283 Trout 1,300 33.4
Oysters 225 9.9 Tilapia 160 0.75 - 1.2
Mussels 800 7.2 African Catfish 50 0.99
Prawns 5 0.5 Common carp 30 0.6
Finfish 2.7 0.1 Mullet 15 0.3
Largemouth Bass 9 0.18
Marron crayfish 8 5.5 – 7.4
Koi carp 77 7.0
Aquarium species 30 19.7
Total 2032.7 300.9 Total 1278 69.3
% Africa production 21 % < 0.4%
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Durban
Port ElizabethCape Town
SOUTH AFRICA
Kleinzee
Alexander Bay
Saldanha
Bay
AQUACULTUE OPERATONS DISTRIBUTION
2008: APPROX 60 AQUACULTURE RIGHT HOLDERS
AbaloneOysterMusselPrawn
Knysna
Danger Point
Port Nolloth
East London
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Abalone Farms - Hermanus
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Sea-based cage farm in PE
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Oyster Farm - Saldanha
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A high energy coastline with limited sheltered bays Most protected bays are utilised as commercial harbours No technology to construct cages that can withstand the strong currents and high wave
action Costs of farming on land much higher than at sea – electricity, infrastructure and
technology
High value (non-availability) attached to coastal real estate Land adjacent to the sea is in demand hence high price to acquire it
Limited access to finance and developmental capital Banks are reluctant to fund a relatively new industry with unknown returns on
investment and risks
Lack of infrastructure Hatcheries, R&D facilities, roads, harbours, telecommunication, electricity etc
Eg Qholora, Sokhulu
Limited human resource capacity, skills and expertise Most skilled personnel are employed by the private sector particularly the big companies
eg no qualified vet that specialise in fish diseases, 2 take interest
Lack of aquaculture policy The was no policy in place to address the constants prior to 2007 Marine aquaculture development policy was gazetted in September 2007
CONSTRAINTS
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Countries
• Australia
• Chile
• China
• Ireland
• Norway
• Vietnam
ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL AQUACULTURE MODELS
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Analysis of practice in successful countries shows the following:
● Policy and legislation is in place ● Coordinated government support ● Comprehensive research and development programmes ● Training and capacity building initiatives
ANALYSIS INTERNATIONAL OF AQUACULTURE MODELS
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Observations:
● Emphasis on high value products for export – Chile & Norway
● Emphasis on low value products for local consumption – Vietnam
● Emphasis on diversity of products for local and export – China
● Job creation high in Chile, Vietnam and China
● Highly mechanized and less jobs – Norway, Ireland & Australia
● Attended aquaculture committee meeting of COFI – 2008 ● About 120 practitioners & officials
● Requested to consider hosting meeting in 2012
ANALYSIS INTERNATIONAL OF AQUACULTURE MODELS
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Interventions to stimulate growth include:
● Policy approved by MinMec in September 2007● Strategy finalised in November 2008● Marine Aquaculture Advisory Forum Established - 2008
DST, DTI, DLA, DOA, DWAF, Provinces, NHTL, NPA & SALGA.
● Implementation plan finalised in January 2009
CURRENT INTERVENTIONS IN SA
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4 Steering Committees established 2009
• Research and Development – DST• Animal Health and Welfare – Agric vet Div• Business Support and Trade – DTI• Product quality and safety - DoH & SABS
Research institutions and industry represented
CURRENT INTERVENTIONS IN SA…
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Focus areas:• Reproduction• Nutrition & feeds• Production systems• Breeding & genetics• Aquaculture & environment• Marketing• Quality and safety• Feasibility studies
See budget and staffing needs slides 30,31 & 32
Research and Development
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Focus areas:• Policy, legislation & enforcement• Services & facilities• Human resources & capacity development• Science based tools to support aquatic animal health
See budget and staffing needs slides 30,31 & 32
Animal Health and Welfare
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Priority interventions• National Industrial Strategy Framework• Access to development finance eg IDC, Land Bank• Access to sites – sea & land based• Access to incentives• Extension services
See budget and staffing needs slides 30,31 & 32
Business Support and Trade
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Focus areas• Inspection & sampling• Microbiology & biotoxin labs (only, & vulnerable)
– Toxins < limit human safety & therefore trade• Monitoring biotoxin-producing phytoplankton
See budget and staffing needs slides 30,31 & 32
Product Quality and Safety
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• Potential aquaculture development zones identified• These will be for exclusive aquaculture use
Areas• KZN – 1 site • EC – 2 sites• WC – 2 sites• NC – 1 site
CURRENT INTERVENTIONS IN SA…
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Criteria for zone identification include:• Environmental considerations• Operational considerations and infrastructure • Technology considerations• Socio-economic considerations• Spatial distribution and public land
Next steps• Monitor environmental parameters (physical, chemical & biological) - 1
to 2 years• Undertake Strategic Environmental Assessments• Declare zones – NEMA 24c & ICM Act• Lay out of infrastructure
CURRENT INTERVENTIONS IN SA…
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Capacity development• Students in postgraduate training Norway X3 – Aquatic medicine & Biology SA X2 – Biology Norway & SA X4 – 2009 if accepted Strategic partnership projects
EC – East London KZN - Umgababa
CURRENT INTERVENTIONS IN SA…
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Staff complement • Management (21/708)
* Aquaculturists, biologists, legal practitioners, environmentalist, economist & contract managers
• Research (17)* Researchers and technicians
CURRENT INTERVENTIONS IN SA…
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PERSAL : R5,297,708 (Management Staff) R4,685,702 (Research Staff) R9,983,410
OPERATIONS & INFRASTRUCTURE:
Research facility maintenance R 600,000Research funding (operational costs) R 3,000,000Management (operational costs) R 6,300,000
R 39,900,000
CURRENT BUDGET
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FUTURE BUDGET CONSIDERATIONS 2010 - 2013
2010 - 2011
Function/ActivityBudget
Sector management and development including enforcement R10 000 000
Research operations and projects R20 000 000
CAPEX (labs, equipment, infrastructure R10 000 000
Total R40 000 0002011 – 2012
Function/ActivityBudget
Sector management and development including enforcement R12 000 000
Research operations and project R22 000 000
CAPEX (labs, equipment, infrastructure R10 000 000
Total R44 000 000
2012 - 2013
Function/Activity Budget
Sector management and development including enforcement R15 000 000
Research operations and projects R25 000 000
CAPEX (labs, equipment, infrastructure R10 000 000
Total R50 000 000
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FUTURE BUDGET CONSIDERATIONS 2010 - 2013
Additional budget requested for personnel
1 x Research Manager (DD) – SL 12 = R407 7456 x Aquaculture Control Officers (SL 8) = 6 X R 209 150 1 x Laboratory analyst (SL 9) = R 243 5151 x Marine Research Technician II (SL 10) = R 295 9782 x Marine Research Technician I (SL 8) = R 209 150
Total = R2 620 438
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Thank You
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