1 CIM2560 IT Professionalism. 2 The Ubiquity of Computers and the Rapid Pace of Change An...

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CIM2560 CIM2560

IT ProfessionalismIT Professionalism

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The Ubiquity of Computers and the Rapid The Ubiquity of Computers and the Rapid Pace of ChangePace of Change

An Introduction to Some Issues and An Introduction to Some Issues and

ThemesThemes

Appreciating the BenefitsAppreciating the Benefits

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The Ubiquity of Computers and The Ubiquity of Computers and the Rapid Pace of Changethe Rapid Pace of Change

• Have you used a computer today?Have you used a computer today?– You have if you used…You have if you used…

•an ATM,an ATM,

•a CD-player,a CD-player,

•a cell phone,a cell phone,

•a modern appliance, ora modern appliance, or

•an electronic device.an electronic device.

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Examining the Gift: An Examining the Gift: An Introduction to Some Issues Introduction to Some Issues and Themesand Themes• IssuesIssues

– Some Negative Impacts of New Some Negative Impacts of New Technology:Technology:•Unemployment.Unemployment.

•Alienation.Alienation.

•Poor Customer Service.Poor Customer Service.

•Crime.Crime.

•Loss of Privacy.Loss of Privacy.

•Errors.Errors.Q: Which negative aspects of new technology have you experienced?

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Examining the Gift: An Examining the Gift: An Introduction to Some Issues Introduction to Some Issues and Themesand Themes• IssuesIssues

– Some Positive Impacts of New Some Positive Impacts of New Technology:Technology:•Convenience.Convenience.

•New types of jobs.New types of jobs.

•More options for transactions.More options for transactions.

• Improvements in crime-fighting.Improvements in crime-fighting.

•Small error rate.Small error rate.

Q: Which positive aspects of new technology have you experienced?

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Examining the Gift: An Examining the Gift: An Introduction to Some Issues Introduction to Some Issues and Themesand Themes• IssuesIssues

– Sources for Solutions to Problems:Sources for Solutions to Problems:•Technology.Technology.

•Management.Management.

•Law.Law.

•Education.Education.

•The market.The market.

Q: Describe how one of the above provides a solution to a problem created by new technology.

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Examining the Gift: An Examining the Gift: An Introduction to Some Issues Introduction to Some Issues and Themesand Themes• ThemesThemes

– Old Problems in a New ContextOld Problems in a New Context

•Look for solutions learned in older technologies.Look for solutions learned in older technologies.– Adapting to New TechnologyAdapting to New Technology

•New activities may require a new set of rules to New activities may require a new set of rules to follow.follow.

– The Global Reach of the NetThe Global Reach of the Net

•Social behavior and laws vary from country to Social behavior and laws vary from country to country.country.

– Trade-offs and ControversyTrade-offs and Controversy

•Consider both sides of an argument.Consider both sides of an argument.

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Examining the Gift: An Examining the Gift: An Introduction to Some Issues Introduction to Some Issues and Themesand Themes• Themes (cont’d)Themes (cont’d)

– Differences Between Personal Choices, Business Differences Between Personal Choices, Business Policies, and LawPolicies, and Law

•Arguments for personal choice or organizational Arguments for personal choice or organizational policy are not sufficient for enforcing decisions policy are not sufficient for enforcing decisions [laws] against others.[laws] against others.

– Negative RightsNegative Rights

•Liberties; rights to act without interference.Liberties; rights to act without interference.– Positive RightsPositive Rights

•Claim-rights; rights that impose obligation on Claim-rights; rights that impose obligation on others to provide certain things.others to provide certain things.

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Appreciating the BenefitsAppreciating the Benefits

• Benefits of Computer ApplicationsBenefits of Computer Applications

• Development of better peripheral devices.Development of better peripheral devices.

• Time-saving.Time-saving.

• Cost-saving.Cost-saving.

• Less effort than older technologies.Less effort than older technologies.

• Development of better sound quality.Development of better sound quality.

• Creation of computer-generated art and special Creation of computer-generated art and special effects.effects.

• Improved accuracy.Improved accuracy.

• Improved customer service/satisfaction.Improved customer service/satisfaction.

• Entertainment/fun.Entertainment/fun.Q: How have these benefits aided your peers?

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Appreciating the BenefitsAppreciating the Benefits

• Benefits Computers Bring to CommunicationBenefits Computers Bring to Communication• Non-invasive; read at recipient’s convenience.Non-invasive; read at recipient’s convenience.• Time-saving.Time-saving.• Access to vast amounts of information.Access to vast amounts of information.• Text, graphics, and sound can be combined.Text, graphics, and sound can be combined.• Much information on WWW is free.Much information on WWW is free.• Public forums not limited to geographic boundaries.Public forums not limited to geographic boundaries.• More independence.More independence.• More options for communicating.More options for communicating.• Remote access available.Remote access available.• Traditional boundaries are no obstacle.Traditional boundaries are no obstacle.

Q: How have these benefits aided small business?

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Appreciating the BenefitsAppreciating the Benefits

• Benefits Computers Bring to Benefits Computers Bring to TransportationTransportation

•Navigation.Navigation.

•Diagnostics.Diagnostics.

•Safety.Safety.

•Hybrid engines.Hybrid engines.

•Efficiency of fuel-burning.Efficiency of fuel-burning.

•Traffic pattern studies.Traffic pattern studies.

Q: How have these benefits aided your community?

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Appreciating the BenefitsAppreciating the Benefits

• Benefits Computers Bring to Education and Benefits Computers Bring to Education and TrainingTraining

•Language acquisition.Language acquisition.

•Spelling.Spelling.

•Literacy.Literacy.

•Distance learning.Distance learning.

•Modeling.Modeling.

•Simulations.Simulations.

•Speech recognition.Speech recognition.

•Speech synthesis.Speech synthesis.Q: How have these benefits aided local schools?

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Appreciating the BenefitsAppreciating the Benefits

• Benefits of Computers in Fighting CrimeBenefits of Computers in Fighting Crime

• Improved crime reporting.Improved crime reporting.

•Faster search of arrest records and fingerprint Faster search of arrest records and fingerprint files.files.

•Remote access to records and reports, e.g. from Remote access to records and reports, e.g. from patrol cars.patrol cars.

•Enhancement of records (fingerprints and Enhancement of records (fingerprints and photos).photos).

•Access to numerous databases.Access to numerous databases.

• Improved sensoring, monitoring, and surveillance Improved sensoring, monitoring, and surveillance equipment.equipment.

Q: How are computers used to fight crime in your community?

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Appreciating the BenefitsAppreciating the Benefits

• Benefits Computers Bring to Benefits Computers Bring to MedicineMedicine

•Sophisticated imaging.Sophisticated imaging.

•Reduced surgery time.Reduced surgery time.

•Patient monitoring.Patient monitoring.

•Early ambulation.Early ambulation.

• Improved treatments.Improved treatments.

•Fewer errors.Fewer errors.

Q: How does your doctor make use of computers?

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Appreciating the BenefitsAppreciating the Benefits

• Patient RecordsPatient Records•More legible.More legible.

•Better organized.Better organized.

•Accessible by many sites, simultaneously.Accessible by many sites, simultaneously.

•Available immediately.Available immediately.

• Improved statistical research.Improved statistical research.

Q: How does your medical clinic use computers?

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Appreciating the BenefitsAppreciating the Benefits

• Medical DiagnosingMedical Diagnosing•Streamlined diagnosis.Streamlined diagnosis.

• Improved accuracy.Improved accuracy.

•Reduced need for biopsy.Reduced need for biopsy.

• Improved screening and predictions.Improved screening and predictions.

Q: How might the chronically ill benefit from computer-aided diagnosing?

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Appreciating the BenefitsAppreciating the Benefits

• TelemedicineTelemedicine•Broad access to medical help.Broad access to medical help.

•Less expensive.Less expensive.

•Expands consultations beyond rural/remote Expands consultations beyond rural/remote sites.sites.

Q: How might the military use telemedicine?

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Appreciating the BenefitsAppreciating the Benefits

• Benefits Computers Bring to the DisabledBenefits Computers Bring to the Disabled

• Disability-specific computer applications (e.g., a Disability-specific computer applications (e.g., a braille printer).braille printer).

• Control of household and workplace appliances.Control of household and workplace appliances.

• Mobility.Mobility.

• Control of artificial limbs.Control of artificial limbs.

• Improved vision.Improved vision.

• Access to adaptive educational equipment.Access to adaptive educational equipment.

• Improved communication.Improved communication.

• Opportunity to return to work.Opportunity to return to work.

Q: How are computers benefiting the disabled in your school or workplace?

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Appreciating the BenefitsAppreciating the Benefits

• Benefits Computers Bring to Benefits Computers Bring to AutomationAutomation

•Organize and access large inventories.Organize and access large inventories.

• Improved customer satisfaction.Improved customer satisfaction.

•Cost-saving.Cost-saving.

•Time-saving.Time-saving.

•Tedious, monotonous work done by Tedious, monotonous work done by machine.machine.

• Improved workplace safety.Improved workplace safety.Q: What task would you like replaced by an automated system?

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Appreciating the BenefitsAppreciating the Benefits

• Benefits Computers Bring to Benefits Computers Bring to IdentificationIdentification

•Time-saving.Time-saving.

•Accuracy.Accuracy.

•Ease-of-use.Ease-of-use.

•Cost-saving.Cost-saving.

•More secure.More secure.

•Customizable.Customizable.

•Reliable.Reliable.Q: How are computers used to identify you at school or work?

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Appreciating the BenefitsAppreciating the Benefits

• Computers Monitor Environment and Computers Monitor Environment and MaterialsMaterials

•Temperature.Temperature.

•Acceleration.Acceleration.

•Stress in materials.Stress in materials.

•Emissions.Emissions.

•Dangerous substances in the air.Dangerous substances in the air.

•Moisture.Moisture.

•Acidity.Acidity.Q: How might tree farmers use computers to monitor their crops?

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Appreciating the BenefitsAppreciating the Benefits

• Applications of Computers in Applications of Computers in TrackingTracking

•Rare plants and animals.Rare plants and animals.

•Migration habits.Migration habits.

•Stolen goods.Stolen goods.

•Lost pets or people.Lost pets or people.

Q: How might scientists track Antarctic ice floes?

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Appreciating the BenefitsAppreciating the Benefits

• Benefits of Computers in Reducing Benefits of Computers in Reducing Paper Use and TrashPaper Use and Trash

•Send/receive digital documents instead of Send/receive digital documents instead of hardcopy.hardcopy.

•Read, write, and edit online.Read, write, and edit online.

•Cost-saving; smaller storage needed.Cost-saving; smaller storage needed.

•Creation of toxic wastes at paper mills Creation of toxic wastes at paper mills reduced.reduced.

Q: Have computers reduced paper use in your school or workplace?