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1
Ashcraft's Computer Hardware Components Schema
Ashcraft, Mark H. 1994. Human Memory and Cognition, second edition. New York: Harper Collins College Publishers, p. 46.
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Ashcraft's Memory Component Schema for Information Processing
Ashcraft, Mark H. 1994. Human Memory and Cognition, second edition. New York: Harper Collins College Publishers, p. 51.
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Carroll's General Model of Information Processing
Carroll, David W. 1994. Psychology of Language, second edition. Pacific Grove: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company, p. 49. (Third edition, 1999, p. 47)
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Ashcraft's Human Information Processing System
Ashcraft, Mark H. 1994. Human Memory and Cognition, second edition. New York: Harper Collins College Publishers, p. 68.
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2 3 0 1 8 2 3 0 1 8 3 8 6 4 2 1 3 8 6 4 2 1 7 3 9 4 8 2 7 7 3 9 4 8 2 7 2 3 4 5 2 3 3 4 2 3 4 5 2 3 3 4 0 4 9 8 7 5 3 2 5 0 4 9 8 7 5 3 2 5 4 3 9 7 8 2 9 3 4 1 4 3 9 7 8 2 9 3 4 1
1 3 5 7 9 2 4 6 8 0 1 3 5 7 9 2 4 6 8 0
1911 1643 1945 20021911 1643 1945 2002
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Memory System Capacities and Durations
Sensory Stores Capacity: large Duration: max 1 sec (visual)
max 4 secs (auditory)
Working (STM) Capacity: 7 +/- 2 unrelated items Duration: 15-20 sec
Permanent (LTM) Capacity: large Duration: long (potentially)
Carroll, David W. 1999. Psychology of Language, third edition. Pacific Grove: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company, Chapter 3.
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Non-Serial Processing
Carroll, David W. 1999. Psychology of Language, third edition. Pacific Grove: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company, p. 53. From Rumelhart & McClelland (1986) as indicated above.
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Voice Onset Time and English Stop Consonants
VOT:VOT: +0 ms+0 ms /b/ /b/
+20 ms+20 ms /b/ /b/
+40 ms+40 ms /p/ /p/
Carroll, David W. 1999. Psychology of Language, third edition. Pacific Grove: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company, pp. 58-59.
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Piaget's Developmental Stages
StageStage Age (approx.) Age (approx.)
Sensorimotor stageSensorimotor stage 0 – 2 0 – 2
PreoperationalPreoperational 2 – 7 2 – 7
ConcreteConcrete 7 – 11 7 – 11
Formal/abstractFormal/abstract 11 + 11 +
Carroll, David W. 1999. Psychology of Language, third edition. Pacific Grove: Brooks/Cole Publishing Company, pp. 60-62.
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