1 As Clinical Anatomy RADIOLOGY. COURSE GOALS Understand basics of image generation. Relate...

1

As Clinical Anatomy

RADIOLOGY

COURSE GOALS

Understand basics of image generation.

Relate imaging to gross anatomy.

See clinical relationship to basic science.

Appreciate constraints and limitations.

Develop imaging vocabulary.

RADIOLOGIST ROLE

Separate: Normal from Abnormal

Characterize / Describe: Abnormality

Determine: Extent (stage) of disease

Suggest: Diagnosis / Differential

Recommend: Further exams / follow-up

4

PROJECTION -VS-

TOMOGRAPHIC IMAGE

6

7

FOOTAP PROJECTION(ANTERIOR - POSTERIOR)

RT

8

LATERAL FOOT

9

TOMOGRAPHIC IMAGES ARE IN A SPECIFIC PLANE

SAGITTALAXIAL CORONAL

RT RT

10

CT- HEAD

CT REFERENCE FILMSkull / brain

RT

RADIOLOGY TOOLS

11

X- RAY

ULTRASOUND

NUCLEAR MEDICINE

MAGNETIC RESONANCE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

HOW IS IMAGING DONE?

IONIZING RADIATION X-ray, CT, Nuclear Medicine

SOUND WAVES Ultrasound

MAGNETIC FIELDS / RADIO WAVES

Magnetic Resonance

12

X- RAYHigh Energy Photon --Kilo Electron Volts

Ionizing Radiation

Exposes Film / Detector

Projection Data

13

X-RAYS

PLAIN FILM RADIOGRAPHY

ChestMammographyAbdomenSpineExtremities & JointsSkull

14

15

Air

Soft Tissue

Fat

Bone

X - RAY --- FOUR BASIC DENSITIES

CONTRAST RADIOGRAPHY

Injection, ingestion, or other placement of opaque material within the body.

Improves visualization and tissue separation.

Can demonstrate functional anatomy and pathology.

16

17

UPPER GI--(GASTRO INTESTINAL)

BARIUM ENEMA RECTAL BARIUM CONTRAST

WITHOUT CONTRAST-plain or scout film

STOMACH

COLON

ORAL BARIUM CONTRAST

18

INTRAVENOUS PYELOGRAM – IVP INTRAVENOUS IODINE CONTRAST

ARTERIOGRAM INTRAARTERIAL IODINE CONTRAST

WITHOUT CONTRAST-plain or scout film

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

HIGH ENERGY PHOTON

IONIZING RADIATION

EXPOSES DETECTOR

TOMOGRAPHIC DATA

19

SCAN LEVEL

CT EXAMPLE

RT

NUCLEAR MEDICINE

High Energy Photon

Ionizing Radiation --Radiopharmaceutical

Exposes Detector

Projection Data

Dynamic / Physiologic

21

NUCLEAR MEDICINE EXAMPLES

Hepatobiliary

22

Renal

Bone

ULTRASOUND

Sound Wave - high Frequency

No Ionizing Radiation

Transmitter / Receiver

Tomographic Data

23

ULTRASOUND EXAMPLES

Gallbladder

Kidney

Obstetrics

24

Hydrogen Protons In a Magnetic Field

Radio Wave Signal Transmission

No Ionizing Radiation

Tomographic Data

25

MAGNETIC RESONANCE

MAGNETIC RESONANCE

EXAMPLES

Brain

26

Spine

Knee

RT

Multiple Choice - Identify Labeled Images From Digital Film Sets And Lecture Images

27

RADIOLOGY EVALUATION

28

X- Ray Plain Film Scout Film Radiograph

Computed Tomography Cat Scan CT Nuclear Medicine Nuc Med

Ultrasound Sono Sonogram

Magnetic Resonance MR MRI

You will hear and see these abbreviations used frequently in the medical community.

SUMMARY

TOMOGRAPHY- VS- PROJECTION IMAGES

SECTION PLANES AXIAL CORONAL SAGITTAL

IMAGE GENERATION OF: Nuclear Medicine Computed Tomography Ultrasound X-ray Magnetic Resonance

29