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Southwest Asia
Physical Geography
Tectonic Activity
Mountains
Taurus Mountains Southern Turkey
Zagros Mountains Southern Iran
Water
Mediterranean Sea Red Sea Arabian Sea Persian Gulf Arabian Gulf
Strait of Hormuz Bosporous Strait Dardanelles Jordan River Tigris & Euphrates
Rivers
Climate
Water is the region’s most important resource
Mediterranean climate in some areas
Dry, semi-arid or arid in most other places
Culture
Countries & Languages
Speak Arabic Bahrain Iraq Jordan Kuwait Lebanon Oman Qatar Saudi Arabia Syria United Arab Emirates Yemen
Non-Arab Countries Iran: Persian Israel: Hebrew Turkey: Turkish
Major Cities
Istanbul Jerusale
m Mecca Tehran Baghda
d
Art & Architecture
Artwork and architecture reflects religious diversity Mosques &
minarets Churches Synagogues
More tomorrow!
Economy/Human Impact
Wide range in per capita incomes and
levels of development in the region
Great variation in standard of living Ranges from very wealthy to poverty-
stricken
Life
“Black Gold” & the Economy
Main exports: Petroleum & oil products
Over 60% of world’s oil reserves
About 50% of world’s natural gas reserves
Use petrochemicals (derived from oil/natural gas) for fertilizer, plastic, medicine and paint
Service Industries
Rapid urbanization/modernization has led to growth of the service industry
Major role in economies Banking, real
estate, insurance, tourism, etc.
i.e Bahrain: 60% of GDP
Transportation
Waterways are key for shipping Oil tankers in the Strait of Hormuz & Persian Gulf
Extensive road systems in Iran and Turkey Gov’ts building more transit systems to
connect urban & rural populations Subway in Istanbul
Trade & Interdependence
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) Algeria, Libya, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi
Arabia, & United Arab Emirates Oil dependency means that OPEC has a lot
of influence Economic disparity between oil-rich and oil-
poor countries
Human Impact
Persian Gulf War (1990-1991) Burning oil wells
smoke pollution affected birds
Dumping oil into Persian Gulf Fish & other marine life died
Iraq War (2003-2011) Lebanon-Israel (2006)
Dumped oil into Mediterranean Sea
The End
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