Nationalism: pride / love for one’s country Nationalism fueled by pride in rapid settlement >...

Nationalism: pride / love for one’s country Nationalism fueled by pride in rapid settlement

> some controversy Missouri Compromise (1820)

Missouri: Slave state Maine: Free state *Balance between free & slave states No slavery in northern part of Louisiana Territory

Sectionalism: one’s section / region is more important than the whole

Second Great Awakening Religious revival in 1820s & 30s Similar to First Great Awakening (1700s)

Reform Era Temperance: no alcohol Education: needed to make citizens Prison: Dix wanted standard care

Religion Allowed women to participate Worked to improve society

Seneca Falls Convention (1848) *1st women’s rights convention in U.S. Women not allowed to vote; restricted rights Led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton *Marked beginning of modern women’s

movement

Abolition Movement to end slavery

Antislavery Efforts Revolts (Nat Turner) Underground Railroad (Harriet Tubman)

Frederick Douglass Leading abolitionist Wrote Narrative of the Life of Frederick

Douglass Supported women’s equality

•Manifest Destiny- America’s

belief that it was their God-given right to settle land in North America

- From Atlantic to Pacific Oceans

Bear Flag Revolt CA citizens revolted against Mexico in

Mexican-American War Republic of CA 1846

1848 Gold rush

1849 Thousands migrate to CA (Forty-niners)

1850 Population boom > 31st state

UTAH OREGON

Mormon Trail Utah territory (Great Salt

Lake) 1846 - 1857

Joseph Smith Founder of Later Day Saints Murdered

Brigham Young Looking for peace to

practice religion Led both gov’t & church

Pres. James Polk Wanted Oregon; pro

expansion Disputed 54 40’

Oregon Treaty British gain control of fur

ports in War of 1812 49 parallel = boundary Wars in Texas & Mexico

Oregon Trail

Stephen Austin 1823 established colony 1830: 30,000 settlers

Included enslaved African Americans & 4,000 Tejanos Texas Revolution

Texans want independence from Mexico Mexican demands not enforced > Mexican gov’t

decrease independence of Texans New Pres. of Mexico Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana

suspended some powers March 2, 1836 Texas declared independence

*Most famous battle of Texas Revolution

187 Texans v. 5,000 Mexicans

General Santa Ana bombarded Texans for 12 days

All 187 died

To Santa Ana… Alamo = symbol of

Texas defiance To Texans…

Alamo = symbol of independence & liberty

“Remember the Alamo” April 21, 1836 Battle of

San Jacinto Gen. Santa Ana

captured & forced to sign treaty recognizing Texan independence

Not recognized by Mexico because signed under distress

Sam Houston President of Republic of

Texas Wanted to join Union U.S. reactions mixed

(debt, slavery, manifest destiny)

Pres. Polk Texas annexation issue

in election of 1844 Pro-annexation Texas became a state

Dec. 29, 1845

CAUSES EFFECTS

Annexation of Texas Mexico broke diplomatic

relations Boundary dispute

Rio Grande river + $30 million = proposal but Mexicans refused to meet

Manifest destiny & expansion

Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo (1848)

Mexican Cession Mexico no claim to Texas Gave up New Mexico, CA,

Nevada, Arizona, Utah, Colorado, Wyoming

Gadsen Purchase (1853) US paid $15 million for

land