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CARBOHYDRATES Body’s Main Source of Energy
Types=sugars, starches and fiber
Sugars-used as a quick energy source (aka simple carbohydrates)
Starches-take longer for your body to use (aka complex carbohydrates)
Fiber- aids in digestion
SOURCES OF CARBOHYDRATES
SugarsCandies, jellies, honey, milk, frosting
StarchesFruits, vegetables, breads, pasta, beans
FiberFruits, vegetables and grains
PROTEINS Your skin, hair, nails, muscles, blood and
other body tissues contain protein
Uses of proteins Protein is needed for growth and repair
of tissues Protein is needed to control body
processes such as blood circulation, breathing and digestion
Protein acts as a source of energy
COMPLETE VERSUS INCOMPLETE PROTEINS Complete
Have all the essential amino acids
Sources of complete proteins come from animals include meat, fish, poultry, cheese, eggs, milk
Incomplete Do not have all the
essential amino acids
Incomplete proteins come from plant sources including beans, peas, nuts and seeds
Incomplete proteins can be mixed together to make complete proteins
FATS Concentrated source of energy
from animals or plants Needed to keep body functioning
properly Carry fat soluble vitamins Insulate and protect vital organs,
and keeps you warm
SOURCES OF FATSButter Margarine Meats
Cheese Salad Dressing Snacks
Dessert Foods
You need some fats, but eating too much causes weight gain and health
problems.q2
Cholesterol comes from animal food sources. Too much cholesterol
can lead to heart disease
VITAMINS Substances needed for growth and
maintenance Help regulate chemical processes Help your body store and use energy Try to get the vitamins you need from
foods instead of supplements
FAT SOLUBLE AND WATER SOLUBLE
-Fat soluble vitamins are ADEK
-Vitamins are stored in the body
-Water soluble vitamins are BC
-Vitamins are not stored in body but
are flushed out through body
waste
MINERALS Nutrient needed for a healthy body Help to regulate body’s activities
Help muscles contractHelp nerves transmit signals to and from
the brainMaintain body’s water balanceStrengthens bones and teeth
Trace Minerals-minerals found in small amounts in the body
WATER Single most important substance you
take into your body You can only survive a few days without
water About 2/3 of your body is made up of
water Water carries nutrients into cells, carries
wastes out of your body, aids in digestion, regulates internal body temperature
You need about 8 glasses of water each day
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