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8/9/2019 4 Needle stick and sharp injury
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Needle stick and sharp injury038 , 051 , 171«««.present
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Needle stick and sharp injury
is a s ign if i cant hazard for hosp ita l
employees blood borne pathogens
(occupat ional infect ion)
Sharp dev ices e.g.
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h y p o d e r m i c
n e e d l e s ( 3 2 % )
I V ca th e te r s ty le ts ( 6 %)
s c a l p e l b l a d e s ( 7 % )
w i n g e d s t e e l
n e e d l e s ( 1 2 % )
p h l e b o t o m y n e e d l e s ( 3 % )
s u t u r e n e e d l e s
( 1 9 % )
O t h e r s
( 2 1 % )
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Inc idence of NSI = 13.4% of HCW in each
year
Inc idence o f sharp inju ry = 6 .5 %
34.7% o f in jur ies occur whi le using medical
devices
Inju ries occur most f requent ly in the Rand pat ient rooms
( ø : ø úÿ ú ù ã è öú öúöøÿ ÿ èé èâô ø )
Incidence of NSI in HCW
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Most f requent ly in jured employees :
( ø : ÿ . ú å ú ø ã ú â ú ú â ú ú ý è ú é ÿó ú å ô ÿ â üë ë ë â I C N f o r u m å èø 5 )
Incidence of NSI in HCW
n u r s e4 3 %
d o c t o r 3 5 %
m e d i c a ls t u d e n t
2 2 %
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Factors related to injury
Equipment des ign
Cr it i ca l s i tuat ions dur ing c l in ica l
procedures Cond it ion dur ing the p rocedure
S taff exper ience
Recapping
Disposal
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Risk of infection
B lood borne pathogens f rom NSI
- 6 -3 0% H BV i f e xp os e t o t he i nf ec te d
secre t ion
- 1 .8 % H CV i f e xp os e t o t he i nf ec te d
secre t ion
- 0 .3 % H IV i f e xp os e t o t he i nf ec te d
secre t ion
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Factors that inf luence the r isk of
infect ion
- The amount o f blood o r f lu id
- The depth of penetrat ion
- The amount o f v irus in f luid
- Pos t-exposure prophylaxis
Risk of infection
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Management after exposure
Wash the area
Pos t-exposure p rophylax is
- HBV immunoglobu lin , HBV vacc ination- Z idovidine (AZT) to prophylax is H IV
infect ion
- HCV not recomm end to post-exposure
prophylaxis ( jus t medical fo l low up)
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