-1--1-Farming for Health >&Wageningen UR Frontis SeriesVolume >/>1>' Î e í í...

- 1 -

Lenhard et al. 1997; Ketelaars et al. 2002; Vadnal 2003

122004

- 2 -

2005 3 2

12 2004 4 Vorden 2005 3 Wageningen

Piet Driest Netherlands Institute for Care and Welfare

Joke van der Veer and Ina Kattebroek NationalSupport Centre Agriculture and Care Marjolein Elings, Gerard

Kolkman and Yvon Schuler Centre of Expertise Agriculture, Nature and Health, Wageningen University and

Research Centre: Plant Research International, Alterra and Animal Sciences Group, respectively

Henk Poppenk and Truida de Raaf Stichting OMSLAG

Bas Pedroli Petrarca

Wiebe Cool Centre of Expertise Agriculture and Care Dronten

ESF TriodosfondIonastichting and Frontis

Wageningen International Nucleus for Strategic Expertise

Jan Hassink and Majken van Dijk

- 1 -

Farming for HealthWageningen UR Frontis SeriesVolume

1

1 3Paula Diane Relf

2 20Sjerp de Vries

3 29Eddie A.M. Bokkers

4 38Marjolein Elings

5 50Katja Vadnal and Katarina Košmelj

6 65Elsa Fjeldavli

7 84Thomas van Elsen Amelie Gunther Bas Pedroli

8 93Piet F. Driest

9 98Lisbeth Haugan Ragnhild Nyland Elsa Fjeldavli Toril Meistad Bjarne O. Braastad

10 114Karin Abramsson and Carina Tenngart

- 2 -

11 122Ulla Partanen, Taina Lilja, Sirpa Kurppa And Katriina Soini

12 132Joe Sempik and Jo Aldridge

13 147Marjolein Elings and Jan Hassink

14 163Katrien Goris and Hilde Weckhuysen

15 174Konrad Neuberger Ingrid Stephan Robert Hermanowski Albrecht Flake Franz-Joseph PostThomas van Elsen

16 193Peter Frey Susanne Frutig Urs Kaltenrieder Jorg Wetzel

17 210Georg Wiesinger Fritz Neuhauser Maria Putz

18 227Katja Vadnal

19 244Ewa Pawelczyk

20 262Francesco di Iacovo Saverio Senni Jeanette de Kneght

21 283Paula Diane Relf

22 316Jan Hassink and Majken van Dijk

- 3 -

PAULA DIANE RELFProfessor Emeritus, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg, VA, USA

HT AAT

Rapp 2002 AAT

AATAAT

Arkow Fine 2000

AATArcow personal communication, February 20, 2002 1970

- 4 -

Frumkin 2004

Frumkin 2004

HT HIH

Frumkin 2001

Delta Society Health Benefits of Animals2005

Relf and Lohr HIH Relf 1992a; Lohr and Relf 2000; Relf andLohr 2003

- 5 -

HT HIHEnd-note

Plants at Work Homepage Plants at Work 2005Plants for People Homepage Plants for People 2005

Relf and Dorn 1995Sempik et al.2003

HIH Shoemaker et al.2000

HIH

Acta HorticulturaeMatsuo and Relf 1995; Relf and Kwack 2004

AHTA 2005

- 6 -

HTThrive Sempik et al.2003

Thrive Sempik et al. 2003

35

HT

- 7 -

OT AT PT HT20

RT

Sackett et al. 1996Frumkin

- 8 -

Frumkin 2004

McColl et al. 1993; 2002Coyle 2000

- 9 -

1998 3

Kellertand Wilson 1993Kaplans Kaplan and Kaplan 1989 Ulrich 1983

Relf

- 10 -

Relf 2005a 1995Relf and Dorn 1995Thrive

A B C

A B C

- 11 -

1973 Relf 1973

a

- 12 -

TakaesuHT

Takaesu 1998

2004 Relf

- 13 -

2

3

1981 Relf a Relf1981

Charles Lewis 1979 Stamm and Barber 1978

Kaplan S. Kaplan 1973b; R.Kaplan 1973a; 1977 Iltis 1974

Relf

Relf 1981Matsuo

- 14 -

Matsuo 1995

- 15 -

Relf 2005b

- 16 -

4aAsano-Miyake 2002

(Relf 1998) Journal of TherapeuticHorticulture Relf 1999 a

Thrives

Sempik et al. 2003

Shoemaker and Mu-chuan Lin 2004

- 17 -

Austin 1998

lawtonLawton and Nahemow1973

Gigliottiet al.2003

- 18 -

Frumkin 2004

- 19 -

- 20 -

SJERP DE VRIESAlterra Green World Research, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O.Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands. E-mail: sjerp.devries@wur.nl

7

cf Staats et al. 2003

- 21 -

WHO ICFICF

ICFE200,E209

e210e215

e220e225

e230e235

e240

e245e250e255

e260e298

e299ICF

- 22 -

e210 e220

- 23 -

Ulrich 1984De Vries et al. 2003, Takano et al. 2003? De

Vries et al. 2003

Takano et al. 2002

Gezondheidsraad 2004

UlrichKaplan and Kaplan 1989

Hartig et al. 1996

p. 60-62

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 1996

- 24 -

. Herzog 1992

Owen et al.2000, see also; Pikora et al. 2003

Reynolds 2002aReynolds 2002b

Berkman et al.2000

Penninx et al. 1997

Kuo and SullivanKuo et al. 1998; Kweon et al. 1998

RobertTaylor Homes

- 25 -

Gebhard 1994

Cornell et al 2001

Karsten et al.2001

Heintzman 1999

Frederickson and Anderson 1999Fox 1999

Chenoweth and Gobster 1990

5

Kuo and Sullivan 2001b; 2001a

- 26 -

De Vries2001

- 27 -

a b

- 28 -

- 29 -

3

EDDIE A.M. BOKKERSAnimal Production Systems Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AHWageningen, The Netherlands. E-mail: eddie.bokkers@wur.nl

:

Odendaal 2000

Price 1984

2

Raussi 2003

- 30 -

60 Stricklin 2001Archer 1997

Roenigk 1999; Smil 2002

Archer 1997;Driscoll 1995; Serpell 2000

Archer 1997; Hemsworthand Coleman 1998; Hills 1993;Serpell 1999a; 1999c

F.Brom,personal communication

Enders-Slegers2000; Serpell 1999b

Serpell 1999b; Blackshaw 1996Levinson 1969

Plaut et al. 1996a b c

Plaut et al. 1996Geffray 1999; Robertson et al.

2000; Plaut et al. 1996

- 31 -

Ahlbom et al. 1998; Plaut et al.1996Plaut et al.1996

3 Plautet al. 1996

Abu-Zidan and Rao2003; Bjornstig et al. 1991150

40 Plaut et al. 199610

Guy et al. 2001; Plaut et al. 1996

1/3Bjornstig et al. 1991

1067 Abu-Zidan and Rao

2003

Hemsworth and Coleman 1998

- 32 -

Hemsworth 2003;Hemsworth and Coleman 1998

Coleman et al. 2000

Hills 1993Lensink et al. 2000

Hemsworth

1991 Allen et al. 1991

Fine 2000

1991Crowley-Robinson et al. 1996 2

15 330 6

30 Banks andBanks 2002

- 33 -

Banks and Banks 2002

Kaiser et al. 2002

Nathanson and De Faria 1992

Brensing et al.2003

Fitzpatrick and Tebay 1998Fitzpatrick

and Tebay 19981 1 2 11

8 Bertoti1988 .

Cawley et al. Cawley et al. 19948

Archer 1997; Serpell1999a

Robinson 1995

Archer 1997

Budge et al. 1998

- 34 -

194% vs. 72% Friedmann et al. 1980

2Friedmann and Thomas 1995

1

2

Friedmann 1995Odendaal 2000

40 44 60 64

Parslow and Jorm 2003b

Anderson etal. 1992

53

Heady et al. 2002;2004

3

110 Serpell 1991

Serpell 1991Parslow and Jorm 2003a

- 35 -

Bauman et al.2001Straede and Gates 1993

21 78

Budge et al. 1998Allen et al.1991

Siegel 1990 Friedmann et al. 1983

Melson 2002; Parslow and Jorm 2003aMugford and M Comisky 1975, cited in Banks and Banks 2002

5

Serpell1991

Garrity and Stallones 1998 1990 1995 25

Garrity and Stallones 1998 25 1625 11

- 36 -

Fine 2000

Zasloff 1996

Mallon 1994

- 37 -

Waiblinger et al.2003

Rasmussen et al. 2000; Stallones andBeseler 2003; Bancej and Arbuckle 2000; Rautiainen and Reynolds 2002; Hendricks andAdekoya 2001; Rissanen and Taattola 2003; Gerberich et al. 2001

see Hemsworth 2003 for a review

Karen Eilers, Simone de Bruin and SimonOosting

- 38 -

4

MARJOLEIN ELINGSWageningen University and Research Centre, Plant Research International,P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen,The Netherlands

10

1998 2002 4 75 430

Gezondheidsraad 2004

- 39 -

Sempik et al. 2003

Sempik et al. 2003

Growth Point 1999Sempik et al. 2003

Sempik et al. 2003

Sempiket al. 2003

- 40 -

Sempik et al. 2003

Lewis 1995

- 41 -

Sempik et al. 2003

Kidd and Brascamp 2004

Lewis 1996

Gezondheidsraad 2004Unruh 2004 Nova Scotia Canada 42

Armstrong 20003

Gezondheidsraad 2004 Sempik et al. 2003

Sempik et al. 2003

- 42 -

Kaplan and Kaplan 1989; Ulrich 1983

Gezondheidsraad 2004

Sempik et al. 2003Lewis 1995 Owen 1994

Ulrich etal. 1991; Kaplan 1993

Kaiser1976

Smith andAldous 1994

Kaplan1973

Gezondheidsraad 2004

Sempik et al. 2003

Kaplan 1973 and Lewis 1979

Kidd and Brascamp 2004 361

Kaplan 1973

- 43 -

Sempik et al.2003

Seller et al. 1999

Gezondheidsraad 200415

Penninx et al. 1997Lewis 1992

Armstrong 2000

Prema et al. 1986Perrins-Margalis et al. 2000

Perrins-Margalis et al. 2000

O'Reilly and Handforth 1955

Seller et al. 1999

- 44 -

Cohen-Mansfield and Werner1998; Mooney and Nicell 1992; Fabrigoule et al. 1995Mooney and Nicell 1992

Fabrigoule et al. 1995

Andreoli 2003

Smith and Aldous 1994Sempik etal. 2003 quote Sarver 1985

Sempik et al.2003

Caspersen et al. 1991Mooney and Milstein 1994

Kuo et al. 1998 64 91

Lewis 1995

- 45 -

Lewis 1995

Flagler 1995

Rice and Remy 1998McGuinn and Relf 2001

Sempik et al. 2003

McGinnis 1989Nixon and Read 1998

Gezondheidsraad 2004

Sempik et al. 2003

Fjeld et al. 2002

Fjeld et al. 2002

- 46 -

Lohr et al. 1996; Russell 1997

Kaplan and KaplanUlrich

Kaplan and Kaplan Ulrich

Kaplan and Kaplan 1989

Kaplan and Kaplan 22 a

bGezondheidsraad 2004

Kaplan 1992

Sempik et al. 2003

Ulrich and Parsons 1992

Ulrich and Parsons 1992

- 47 -

Ulrich

Ulrich and Parsons 1992

Lewis 1995

Lewis

Lewis 1996

Lewis 1996

- 48 -

Sempik et al. 2003 Burchardt et al. 2002

Burchardt et al.

4Burchardt

Lewis 1995 Dumont

Dumont

Sempik et al. 2003

Gezondheidsraad 2004

- 49 -

Gezondheidsraad 2004 Sempik et al. 2003

- 50 -

KATJA VADNAL AND KATARINA KOŠMELJUniversity of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Dept. of Agronomy, Jamnikarjeva101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. E-mail: katja.vadnal@bf.uni-lj.si andkatarina.kosmelj@bf.uni-lj.si

361 54

SO.ITJE 200155

83

Yamaki and Fujiura 2002

Kebbon 19971 Cahill 2001; OECD

2001

- 51 -

Van der Schilden and Vink2000Kahn and Juster 2002 Merlo and

Briales2000; Terluin 2003

: externality

Predny and Relf 2000

30

Malholtaand Birks 2000?? .2

- 52 -

1 3 21

361

2Y 3

0 1 2X1,X2,....Xp

90

2711

Hosmer and Lemeshow 1989

Y 2 0 1

logit P Y=1|0 =In P Y=1 / P Y=0 1Y 3 0 1 2 2 logit

logitP Y=2|0 =In P Y=2 / P Y=0 ; 2logitP Y=2|1 =In P Y=2 / P Y=1 =logitP Y=2|0 logitP Y=1|0 3

3 1 2

1 2 0

- 53 -

3 1P 21g1 X =In P Y=1|X / P Y=0|X = X1 Xp

X =In P Y=2|X / P Y=0|X = 20 21X1 2 Xp

Logit

Logit 0 1 p

logit p =log p / 1-p =log p -log p-1

1

p

p p p/ 1 - p

2

361 67 5419 35

13 5

N=361

1/3

- 54 -

N=361

13 2

1

SOŽITJE( ) 55 57

- 55 -

255 363 255 250

23 8950.9 SD 14.4

r=0.838 p=.0004

13 4 24 4 34

25

100 % 100 25

75%

24 25 2

P=0.001

- 56 -

4.995 2.0-11.9

P=0.859

Odds ratio 2

p p/ 1- p

1 1

1 2

0

100 80 20

80 20 4/1=4

20 80 1/4=0.25 4 / 0.25 = 16 16

- 57 -

1.590+0.006=5.200 95 1.9 14.3

- 58 -

14 5.2 8231.9 130 50.6 45 17.5

20.220 p=0.00

5

2

3.7 95 1.8-7.6

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

- 59 -

33 12.2%164 60.4% 54 19.9% 20

7.4%2

3

26 182 47

15.955 p=0.000

p=0.002

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%

- 60 -

3.0 95%0.9-5.1

p=0.0850.47

2.11.9-14.3

20 7.4% 249 92.6%1/3 82 30.9%

183 69.1%2

3.171;p=0.205

12.721;p=0.002

b0.6

1.2

- 61 -

p=0.01 3.4

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%

- 62 -

95% 1.6-7.0p=0.08

1.8 95% 0.9-3.6

24 25

8:

2/3

p=0.006p=0.043

p0.08 0.09

p=0.023p=0.088

- 63 -

1

- 64 -

Nacionalni program socialnega varstva doleta 2005 NPSV Uradni list RepublikeSlovenije: 31/2000 2000

Rus 1999

(SOŽITJE

- 65 -

ELSA FJELDAVLI

Centre for Rural Research, Trondheim, NorwayE-mail: elsa.fjeldavli@bygdeforskning.ntnu.no

- 66 -

Villa2005; 1999

Almas 1985

Spilling 1998

- 67 -

Almas 200250Blekesaune

1996

Sosial- og Helsedepartementet 1994

Landbruksdepartementet 1999

10 15

2

Fjeldavli and Meistad2004

10-15

600 Fjeldavli and Meistad2004

County of Sor-Trondelag

- 68 -

30 personal communication Froseth2005

Landbruksdepartementet 1999

www.innpaatunet.no.

12 3

Fjeldavli and Meistad 2004

Fjeldavli

and Meistad 2004

- 69 -

327 301 261

184

2 3

2 3 12 3

www.bygdeforskning.no,www.innpaatunet.no

- 70 -

Sosial- og Helsedepartementet 1994Greve 1998

Bay et al.2001

White1991

Freidson 1970;1988; White 1991; Nettleton 2000

White1991

20

Nettleton 2000

- 71 -

Freidson 1970; 1988;White 1991

Nettleton 2000 .

White 1991Freidson 1970;1988; Nettleton 2000

Nettleton 2000, p. 7

White 199119

- 72 -

Freidson 1970; 1988;Antonovsky 1996; Nettleton 2000

White 1991

12 3

Nettleton 2000

Nettleton 2000, p. 37

Nettleton 2000, p.37

1

- 73 -

2 34

Antonovsky 1996

Ketelaars et al. 2001

Berget et al. 2004;Hassink 2002Fitzpatrick and Tebay 1998

3 Relf and Lohr2003; Sempik et al. 2003;Schmidtbauer et al. 20054

Ventegodt and co-workers in ScientificWorld Journal 2003, 3

- 74 -

Brandth and Haugen 1995

2003-2004 2003 112004 2

2003

Fjeldavli and Meistad2004

- 75 -

6

3

- 76 -

3

- 77 -

- 78 -

2

- 79 -

medicalization

Medicalization

- 80 -

4

3

2

23 Spilling 1998

2 3 4 5 7

1 6 108 9

2

- 81 -

1 23

- 82 -

- 83 -

- 84 -

7

THOMAS VAN ELSEN#, AMELIE GUNTHER##, BAS PEDROLI#### Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL , Nordbahnhofstr. 1a, D-37213Witzenhausen, Germany. E-mail: Thomas.vanElsen@fibl.org## University of Kassel/Witzenhausen### Alterra, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, TheNetherlands

48

2004 4

Green and Vos 2001

- 85 -

Dramstad and Sogge2003

Lenhard etal. 1997; Keser and Van Elsen 1997

Aarts and Van Woerkum 1994

Filius et al. 2000 240 78

- 86 -

Filius et al. 2000

Van der

0102030405060708090

100

- 87 -

Ploeg et al. 200250 80

3

Van Elsen et al. 2003

13

Mayring 1988; Strauss and Corbin1996

2

e.g. Van denBerg 1999; Luginbuhl 2001

- 88 -

2004/2005 (Günther 2005)

9742 28

16

200 230ha 40 44

10ha

- 89 -

5-10 11-20

2-31

5

19

18

7

1

0 5 10 15 20

1-4

5-10

10-20

21-45

45

15

18

32

42

42

0 10 20 30 40 50

- 90 -

70

4

14

25

27

31

35

45

0 10 20 30 40 50

- 91 -

n=5760

85 50

2000 10 http://www.petrarca.info/

Bockemuhl et al. 2000; Pedroli20002000NGO Louis Bolk Institute

EU1993-1997 EU 9 25

Van Mansvelt and Stobbelaar 1997;Van Mansveltand Van der Lubbe 1999

51.1%

10.6%

34.0%

4.3%

- 92 -

Bioland-RanchZempowSchakel and Schurger 2001

- 93 -

8

PIET F. DRIESTNetherlands Institute of Care and Welfare, P.O. Box 19152, 3501 DD Utrecht, TheNetherlands. E-mail p.driest@nizw.nl

80

- 94 -

1950

2

Beveridge

Beveridge

Beveridge Report

Bismarck

1995 2001 18

- 95 -

GDP 8.4 13GDP 1.3

0.7 2.8 310

13 3 5

1990

- 96 -

7 EU40 40 5 50

EU

45 55

- 97 -

- 98 -

LISBETH HAUGAN, RAGNHILD NYLAND, ELSA FJELDAVLI,TORIL MEISTAD AND BJARNE O. BRAASTADCorresponding author: Lisbeth Haugan, County Governor of Vestfold, Dept. ofAgriculture, P.O. Box 2076, NO-3103 Tonsberg, Norway

The Centre for Rural ResearchThe Agricultural University of Norway

Inn på tunet

- 99 -

www.innpaatunet.no,

30

3 100 ha 22

- 100 -

1025

20ha

17 4050

55,000150,000

70,000 2.8

2002 40

- 101 -

fylke 19434

5000 12 5

60

,

- 102 -

,

- 103 -

2003-2004

500 6002002 500

,

Rye and Storstad20042.7% 0.6%5.7%

141

- 104 -

120103 25

35% 27%43%

18%

64% 36%49

42%

88%

2002 60% 2380011900 13% 59000

43% 12%46% 2002

66%

57% 43%

27

- 105 -

7% 5

80% 42003,2002 27% 2002 2003

60%

Fjeldavli and Meistad 2004 HPhttp://www.bygdeforskning.no/.

2001-2002

Berget et al.2004 .2 3 10

50%

2003 3 phD

AAT

AAT

- 106 -

6

Fjeld et al. 2002

Grefsrod 2002

PHG112-113, 10-15 ECTS points

10 ECTS points

- 107 -

FUNDAUNET

Mer ker North Tr ndelag40.7ha 20ha39ha

200 13

163m2

- 108 -

FUNDAUNET Meråker

FUNDAUNET Svenn Tore NessKjetil AarbakkeSvenn Kjetil

Levande skule

L97

MeråkerFUNDAUNET

3km Meråker 1

3

- 109 -

2

1 10 10

5 7 9

1

FUNDAUNET

7

VIKUM

Sognog Fjordane Gaular8ha:65ha

60

- 110 -

Vikum

Vikum

Zandra Kurt 1999Kurt 12

20

/

Zandra

Kurt

2000 8

- 111 -

VikumZandra Kurt 24

2 3 2 3Vikum

Vikum

Vikum

Vikum

Zandra Kurt

- 112 -

Vikum

Vikum

Zandra Kurt

Vikum

Vikum

SANDE BRUK

50 70

2 3

2

- 113 -

Horten Vestfold

2002 2005

Vestfold

50 70

NOK59

SANDE BRUK

1

- 114 -

10KARIN ABRAMSSON# AND CARINA TENNGART### Corresponding author: Federation of Swedish Farmers LRF , P.O. Box 1231, SE-351 12 Vaxjo. http://www.lrf.se. E-mail: karin.abramsson@lrf.se## Department of Landscape Planning Alnarp, SwedishUniversity of AgriculturalSciences

Alnarp:

A&M

- 115 -

20 1960Sachs 1999

20

20021,000 Regeringskansliet, aktuellt 2003

2003 4.1 2007 2.6

1.3 6.4Riksförsakringsverket 2004

2003

Naturlig Laddning

- 116 -

10

100 2004

Naturlig Laddning 2004

Abramsson and Tenngart 2003

10

Alnarp

AlnarpAlnarp 2002

1 1

- 117 -

Abramsson and Tenngart 2003

Försakringskasseforbundet 2003

Arbetsformedlingen 2003

- 118 -

2003 5Regeringskansliet 2003

Abramsson and Tenngart 2003

Abramsson and Tenngart 2003

Riksförsäkringsverket2004

Jönköpings Länsarbetsnämnd 2004

- 119 -

Alnarp

Patrik Grahn

Patrik Grahn and Johan Ottosson

Ottosson and Grahn 1998

Rickard Küller Marianne Küller

DKüller and Küller1994, p. 10

Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Ingemar Norling

45 65 70%

Norling 2001200

- 120 -

300

Länsförsäkringar AB2004

2004

Alnarp

AHTA

Alnarp

- 121 -

- 122 -

11

Ulia Partanen , Taina Lilja, Sirpa Kurppa and Katrina SoiniAgrifood Research Finland MTT , Ymparistontutkimus, 31600 Jokioinen, Finland

Koupio

10

10

- 123 -

2004 4

Kansaneläkelaitos, Kela

Nina Hyvätti, pers. comm.yapaya Ypäjän hevosopisto

250

- 124 -

60 ECTS;http://www.suomenratsastusterapeutit.net

ECTS

100Suomen Ratsastusterapeutit ry 2000

http://www.suomenratsastus terapeutit.netPaloniemi

http://www.hus.fiLehimäki Special College 1971

http://www.lehtimaki.fi/opisto

- 125 -

(http://www.lehtimaki.fi/opisto)

Nina Hyvätti, pers. comm.Kuopio

2001 Kuopio(http://www.kkk.uku.fi)

Metsäkyla Horse Stable

1992 Mrs. Nina Hyvätti 2001 Kuopio

2004 9 282

Metsäkylä

16

- 126 -

Kansaneläkelaitos, Kela

NeuroCity

Suomen Kuntoutus- ja Kehityssäätiö

- 127 -

http://www.neurocity.fi

2004 9 28 Mr.David Gumpler Mrs.Hanna Viinimäki

Rymättylä

14

2004 10 1Mrs. Kristiina Liinaharja

- 128 -

Vanhanen

Kela

(http://www.valtioneuvosto.fi)

- 129 -

Lipponen II2015

1998 WHO 20002015

36http://www.terveys2015.fi

EU10 30

EU 2006

http://www.mmm.fi/maatalous_maaseudun_kehittaminen/

75 http://www.lande2000.fiLEADER, POMO, ALMA etc.

- 130 -

Kuopio Turku

http://www.mtt.fi2001 Suomen Ratsastajainliitto ry

http://www.kkk.uku.fi

David Gumpler and Hanna Viinimäki, pers. comm.75 http://www.lande2000.fi

- 131 -

http://www.lande2000.fi

- 132 -

12

JOE SEMPIK AND JO ALDRIDGECentre for Child and Family Research, Loughborough University, Leicestershire,LE11 3TU, UK

STH 2STH

1881

20

Tuke 1882, p. 383-384

- 133 -

100

Colson 1944p.

x-xvi

1950 60 1

60 70

Bickford 1963

Bickford 1963 in Szasz 1973,p. 193-194

- 134 -

Thrive

1999 9 Thrive

Thrive

Growth Point 1999, p. 4

STH

- 135 -

GrowingTogether 2003

3 Thrive

Thrive

1978

1998 1500

2003 Thrive 1500

836 2003STH

201955 78

198558

20021980 STH

1985

1956-1980 30 6NHS 1996-2000 209

11278 30

7.2% 501 25.3

2 1 STHSTH 100

STH

- 136 -

STH

35.5%

46.4% 3

STH 30% 20

6.2%Naidoo et al. 2001

- 137 -

1132001

7.9% 460

2001

http://www.statistics.gov.uk/

STH

Naidoo et al. 2001 STH

BMEGs

Naidoo et al. 2001, p. 15

BMEGsBMEGs

BME

BMEGs Naidoo et al. 2001, p. 18-19STH

STH

- 138 -

52%

18

Crouch and Ward1997

Phelan and Link 2004

1210 1012 1 301/4

- 139 -

10 253

STH

250 25 3037 44

8%

50

2500

20 44 34 77% 1

52106

4

10Myerscough College

- 140 -

AngliaPolytechnic UniversityBurls 2004

Burls2004

STH

- 141 -

14.2%

29

Grimshaw and King 2003 101

30%

157

25

STH

10 54

2740 50 0.74 137 203

- 142 -

86 10 60 15 89

53.68 7927 40

NHS54 80

Netten et al. 2001, p. 57, 58, 73,741 14800

71.7% 5 74000

2 10SHT

38.92 5856.57 84

1.62.5

1 54.5 81

STH 25 137 81

Morse and Weiss 1955 80%

- 143 -

Vecchio 1980 25 72%

Jahoda 1979 5

STH

50.4% 35.5

110%

- 144 -

65

Morse and Weiss 1955

DIY

STH

- 145 -

Ulrichet al. 1991

Kaplan and Kaplan1989

Sempik et al. 2003

- 146 -

- 147 -

13

Marjolein Elings and Jan HanssinkWageningen UR, Plant Research International, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen,The Netherlands

1998 2004 430

- 148 -

20

100 1900

1950

1968

10

Commisie Wijffels 2001

2002 40

19

19221920 1940

1950 60

- 149 -

19701990Kramer

mentally challenged people

1960

1

anthroposophic philospphy

1998 2004 75432

1,100

- 150 -

1990

2

- 151 -

Ketelaas et al.20021 40 50

8,000

1990 .

90%/

20

- 152 -

1/3

25PGB

PGB

PGBAWBZ

AWBZ

AWBZ

1 1 50 75

AWBZAWBZ

- 153 -

Van Schaik1997;Hassink etal.1999;Ketekaars et al.2001

Hassink&Ketelaars 2003

Hassink &Ketelaars2003

2004 11

- 154 -

80

430

- 155 -

NPO

1999 5

http://www/landbouwzorg.nl

1999

80

LTOhttp://www.zorgbeeren.nl

OmslagOmslagOmslag

Omslag

http://www.omslag.org

- 156 -

Schols2004

Elings et al2003

The WMO

Schols 2004

- 157 -

5090

1970

350 1,500

Bosman and Vos 2004

http://www.cityfarms.org

25

1970

- 158 -

RMNOGezondheidsraad2004

RMNO 5

Hassink and Ketekaars 2003RMNO

Kieft and Hassink 2004

- 159 -

10

TrimbosLouis Bolk

http://www.dehogeborn.nl2

Ketelaars et al 2001Osmlag

Hassink 2002 Van Dijk and Hassink 2002

- 160 -

20023

Elings 2004

2005

- 161 -

2004 9

20049

- 162 -

- 163 -

14

KATRIEN GORIS AND HILDE WECKHUYSENSupport Centre for Green Care, Remylaan 4b, 3018 Wijgmaal-Leuven, Belgium

140

Geel Kempen15Bierbeek Sint-Kamillus

- 164 -

1930

20 30

- 165 -

Blown 1980 1990

- 166 -

1 24

/

1

- 167 -

1

1400.4%

2003

2004 1

- 168 -

2006

- 169 -

2005

- 170 -

1

2004

Landwijzer vzw, tel. +32 3 287 37 77

2003Arteveldehogeschool, Godi De Vos, tel. +32 9 269 91 17,godi.devos@arteveldehs.be

2004

vzw t Keerhof, Katrien Kintaert, tel. +32 9 238 15 58,keerhof.16@telenet.be

Geel 1Dimpna

- 171 -

15

1838 1850

500Wallonia

20

25

11

Hoogveld TongerenHoogveld Koninksem

8

Goffin Hoogveld

Agribex

- 172 -

NPO Oranjehuis 12 18

10

10

4

Landelijke Thuiszorg

- 173 -

- 174 -

KONRAD NEUBERGER#, INGRID STEPHAN,ROBERT HERMANOWSKI, ALBRECHT FLAKE,FRANZ-JOSEPH POST, THOMAS VAN ELSEN# Corresponding author: Gesellschaft fur Gartenbau und Therapie G GuT ,Oberbilker Allee 301, D-40227 Dusseldorf, Germany. E-mail: G_GuT@t-online.de

Konrad Neuberger Ingrid Stephan

- 175 -

Robert Hermanowski

Konrad NeubergerGesellschaft fur Gartenbau und Therapie G GuT , Oberbilker Allee 301, D-40227Dusseldorf, GermanyE-mail: G_GuT@t-online.de

Johann Christian ReilHalle 1803

Dr. Maximilian Jacobi Neuberger 2004

Damerow et.al. Allgemeine Zeitschrift fur

Psychiatrie und psychisch-gerichtliche Medicin, Vol. 1-40, 1844- 1884

Snell, Voppel, Duval,Flemming, Guntz, Jessen, Laehr, Landerer, Roller, Koeppe

- 176 -

Neuberger in press

Leclerc-Springer 1994

Paetz1893? Neuberger 2004

- 177 -

REHADAT 2003

- 178 -

Langenfeld Hof Sondern Wuppertal

Acta Horticulturae Neuberger1995 AwajiSymposium

- 179 -

Ingrid StephanInstitut fur soziales Lernen mit Tieren, Am Ibsinger Berg 1, D-30900 Wedemark,GermanyE-mail: Info@Lernen-mit-Tieren.de

Institut für soziales Lernen mit TierenWedemark Institut für soziales Lernen mit Tieren

- 180 -

- 181 -

- 182 -

Robert HermanowskiForschungsinstitut fur biologischen Landbau, Galvanistr. 28, D-60486 Frankfurt,GermanyE-mail: Robert.Hermanowski@fibl.org

- 183 -

http://www.bagwfbm.de

- 184 -

Bundesarbeitsgemeinschaft Werkstätten für behinderteMenschen BAGWfbM;

http://www.gruene-werkstatt.de

- 185 -

EBEN-EZER FOUNDATION MEIERHOFAlbrecht FlakeAgricultural Section and Services, Stiftung Eben-Ezer, WfbM-Leitung GrunerBereich und Dienstleistungen, Alter Rintelner Weg 28, D-32657 Lemgo, GermanyE-mail: albrecht.flake@eben-ezer.de

MEIERHOF

- 186 -

MEIERHOF

MEIERHOFMEIERHOF

Bioland

- 187 -

MEIERHOF

MEIERHOF

MARIA VEEN ST.ANTONIUSHEIMFranz-Joseph PostVerein fur katholische Arbeiterkolonien in Westfalen, An der Meerwiese 23,D-48157 Munster, GermanyE-mail: fjpost@katholische-arbeiterkolonien-westfalen.de

- 188 -

Gründerkrise

Friedrich von Bodelschwingh

WestfalenMünster Paderborn

HausMaria Veen

Haus Maria Veen St. Antoniusheim

- 189 -

Haus Maria Veen and St. Antoniusheim

St. Antoniusheim or Haus Maria Veen

Haus Maria Veen St.Antoniusheim

- 190 -

Haus Maria Veen 19

Haus Maria Veen St.Antoniusheim

1 1

Thomas van ElsenResearch Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL , Nordbahnhofstr. 1a, D-37213Witzenhausen, GermanyE-mail: Thomas.vanElsen@fibl.org

- 191 -

5080

3

Van Elsen et al.2003

13

Mayring 1988; Strauss and Corbin 1996

2 1

2

Petrarca

- 192 -

Sonja Schürger Bioland-RanchZempow Schäkel and Schürger 2001 Thomas van Elsen AdolphshofHämelerwald Medewege farm Schwerin

- 193 -

16

Hans Saner

730 20 66,000

1990 2000 5 22,0003ha

1

INTEGRATION 3

Berne Base Lucerne

2004 4 Vorden

8

- 194 -

Landwirtschaft und sozialeWohlfahrt

2

:

/10

Pflegekinderverordnung

- 195 -

24

Schweizerische Pflegekinderaktionhttp://www.pflegekinder.chBruggeboge http://www.bruggeboge.chPassaggioSchulheim Effingen http://www.schulheim-effingen.chCaritas Schweiz http://www.caritas.chFamilienplatzierungen OGG http://www.ogg.chVerein INTEGRATIONhttp://www.integration-eggiwil.chTrial http://www.trial-interventionen.ch

- 196 -

Pflegekinderverordnung

OSGtrial interventions Thun

30 50

50

Bundesamt für Landwirtschaft

- 197 -

Juvenat der Franziskaner Franciscans12 15

ZSB

12

Ageing http://www.snf.ch45 Future Problems of the Welfare State

http://www.sozialstaat.chBüro fur Arbeits- und Sozialpolitische Strukturen http://www.buerobass.ch

http://www.swiss-science.orghttp://www.gesis.org

- 198 -

1994 -98 EggiwilAtelier ASPOS Urs Kaltenrieder

Susanne Frutig

JuvenatEggiwil

1998

- 199 -

Eggiwil 2600 60

Eggiwil 2600 60

240

Eggiwil 9

Eggiwil Emme

- 200 -

WHO

3a

bJuvenat

c

- 201 -

2 14

Eggiwil12

1998 50 17

1998 500330

Eggiwil

2002

- 202 -

1998 Eggiwil

2000 Eggiwil

Geld + Geist

Geld + Geist

Eggiwil

Napf 80 100Napf

Napf

1992 LA21

2003http://www.seco.admin.ch

- 203 -

3

6 18

18 10

44

2 1 2

- 204 -

25 2

54

5 5

Eggiwil

- 205 -

- 206 -

5

Eggiwil 6

8

- 207 -

1 “Encadrement du développement” (Luc Kaufmann)

2

3

4

5

- 208 -

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

seco

- 209 -

- 210 -

17

GEORG WIESINGER#, FRITZ NEUHAUSER## ANDMARIA PUTZ#### Federal Institute for Less-favoured and Mountainous Areas, Marxerg.2M, A-1030Vienna, Austria. E-mail:office@babf.bmlfuw.gv.at; www.babf.blmfuw.gv.at## Geriatriezentrum am Wienerwald GZW , Jagdschlosgasse59, A-1130 Vienna,Austria### Association for Horticulture and Therapy Austria, Hellstr. 17, A-5422 BadDuerrnberg, Austria corresponding author

10

20250

- 211 -

20

,

Meyer 1973; Wiesinger 1991b; 1991a

,

a 100

- 212 -

10

50

10

150

1993Länder

800 1000

- 213 -

2004 10 2 DI SilkeScholl project leader,Oesterreichisches Kuratorium fur Landtechnik und Landentwicklung

2003-2005Landwirtschaftskammer Oberoesterrreich

- 214 -

Mag. Helmut Eiselsberg

2

2003

- 215 -

20032003

15 103

200420042004 4 8 Bioerlebnis Norbertinum

2005

www.presseclub.at; www.tierealstherapie.org

www.vu.ac.at

Association: Animals as Therapy – Science / Education centre: TAT@vu-wien.ac.at

Österreichisches Kuratorium für Landtechnik und Landentwicklung, DI DSA S. Scholl

Ziegenzuchtverband Oberösterreich, Ing. F. Hofer

Konrad Lorenz Forschungsinstitut Grünau, Prof. Dr. K Kotrschal

Konventhospital der Barmh. Brüder Linz, Prim. Dr. J. Fellinger, Prof. Dr. Jan van Arkel

Landwirtschaftliche Fachschule Tullnerbach, DI P. Schawerda, DI A. Fallmann, M. Gfatter

1970

- 216 -

10

2002 175

10

123

2 3 2005

Gibson1996

- 217 -

Judy Ranka and Christine Chaporowa b c d

a

b

c

d

596 2

- 218 -

1

100

2006 3

- 219 -

3 2001

15

- 220 -

www.oeg.or.a tSchönbrunn (

www.boku.ac.at

Perg

Bezirksbauernkammer Perg, Verein ‘Betreutes Wohnen am Bauernhof’, J.

Mayerhofer,Fadingerstrasse 13, A-4320 Perg, Austria; www.BetreutesWohnen-aB.at

1996 1998 Perg13

2/3 40 70

100

Schober 2001; Scholl 1998

1

Emmaus

- 221 -

www.emmaus.at; emmaus-innsbruck@gmx.at; emmaus.cityfarm@aon.at

St. Pölten Emmaus 1997

4 3 1

24

4NÖGUS 7

- 222 -

Liebenau 1998 and Gilgenberg 2000

Pro mente infirmis, Gesellschaft für psychische und soziale Gesundheit, Prim. Dr. Schöny,

Figulystrasse 32, A-4020 Linz; www.promenteooe.at

igp.gilgenberg@promenteooe.at, Integrationsprojekt Bauernhof Gilgenberg

igp.bauernhof@promenteooe.at, Integrationsprojekt Bauernhof Liebenau

12 15

- 223 -

,

7ha 2 3 5 6 20 30

Felix Diesenreither, project leader

Hof Schlüsslberg 55

Hof Schlüsslberg, Brandhof 1, A-4707 Schlüsslberg, Austria;office@hofschluesslberg.at

Österreichischer Zivilinvalidenverband; oeziv@liwest.at; www.oeziv.at

Hof Schlüsslberg 19631998

42

ab

- 224 -

1

140100Dr. B. Grössl

A – 8053 Graz, Wagner-Jauregg Platz 1bernhard:groessl@lsf-graz.atwww.PFP.AT

ISOB700 35

Oa Dr. Alexander KronfussA – 9500 Villach, Nikolaigasse 43zpsr@lkh-vil.or.at

20 215

A – 1145 Wien, Baumgartner Höhe 1

- 225 -

www.wienkav.at/OWS

Michaeli Hof, F. PrennerA - 8243 Pinggau, Pinkatalerstr. 10

Karl Schubert Haus (with: Breitenstein am Semmering and Mönichkirchen)2870 Aspang, Mariensee 63

www.gramastetten.at/neuigkeiten/2000/004theresiengut.htmwww.himmelschluesselhof.netwww.gin.at/gaertnerhof

2004

OEGG www.oegg.or.atGGuT Maria Putz

www. therapeutische-gaerten.atDipl. Ing. S. Siedler, Dipl. Ing. Th. Loewy, Mag E. Bottesch

www.ergotherapie.atwww.berggebiete.at

Dr. G. Wiesingerwww.ifl.boku.ac.at

www.vu.ac.atwww.promenteooe.at

- 226 -

www.oeziv.atLebenshilfe lebenshilfe.at

www.caritas.atDiakonie www.diakoniewerk.at

- 227 -

18

KATJA VADNALUniversity of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty . Agronomy Department,Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1111 Ljubljana, Slovenia. E-mail: katja.vadna1@bf.uni-lj.si

SWOT

defectologists

/

199110

1 GDP 18,300 200

2004 NATO EUGDP 64 GDP 33

GDP 3% 4 49

32,649 4

20,273 30 63

5

- 228 -

570

86,000 5.3ha2.5%

(Kovacic and Udovc 2002)

(Juvancic 2002)

Rednak et al. 2002

Zakon, o kmetijstu 2000Uredba o vrsti, obsegu in pogojih za opravljanje dopolnilnih

dejavnosti na kmetiji 2001

- 229 -

Sojar 2003; Vadnalet al. 2004

45 55

GDP 26% Vagac and Haulikova 2003

1

5000 1.8% 400

Ignjatovic 2004

- 230 -

- 231 -

Nacionalni program socialnega varstva do leta 2005 NPSV 2000

Rus 1990

Švab 2003

Švab and Tomori 2002

NGO

Zakon o družbenem varstvu duševno intelesno prizatetih oseb 1983 1983

18

1960

1963

- 232 -

1965 1975

Ljubljana 1965

Sožitje 2002 .Sožitje 2001

55 7,00083

Svet Evrope 1997

Zakon o zaposlitveni rehabilitaciji in zaposlovanju invalidov 2004

Kostnapfel 2004

- 233 -

4

2005

Dutovlje1985

5 15

SVZ Dutovlje 2004

13

Kostnapfel 2004

Hrastovec1948

- 234 -

6019651976 6

1981 600Hrastovec

7 3Jasmin 2000 10

9

iberci 2003

4Rožengrunt

2,200 45 1

3-51990

- 235 -

6 3

2003Brdca

4 2 1 4

Tomaž

20032

2 Brdca 2004VDC Koper 2003

15.52004 100

- 236 -

SoncekSoncek 1983 4,000

1990 Elerji

Camphill

1

Soncek 2001Soncna vas

2

24ha

- 237 -

5

Potocnikha

1861-1925 1924

http://ozgarden.fc2web.com/Biodynamic.html

2 3Potocnik

12 9

13

Košmelj and Vadnal2003

- 238 -

2002 2004

100-150

10

3050 100

1/3

21

- 239 -

,

- 240 -

Sožitje,

SWOT

SWOT 1960

SWOT Strength Weakness Opportunity Threat

S W O T

http://itpro.nikkeibp.co.jp/article/Keyword/20070317/265494/

- 241 -

- 242 -

- 243 -

SWOTSAP

2005-2008

Semenarna

- 244 -

19EWA PAWELCZYKLe..ajskie Stowarzyszenie Rozwoju, Ul. Targowa 9, 37-300 Le..ajsk, Poland.E-mail: lsr@free.ngo.pl

2

Lezajsk

- 245 -

1/3 2030

Lezajsk

gmina powiat voivodship 1999 1 1

3

województwo voivodship

powiat

gmina

- 246 -

Lezajsk

Lezajsk

gmina, powiat, voivodship10

1990 11 29

gmina

2005 1

- 247 -

gmina

BronówStowarzyszenie na rzecz Integracji Osób Niepelnosprawnych

60

12

Bronów 2ha

- 248 -

Krystian2002 Bronów

2

Andrew Igor Roman Katharina2003 Bronów

Andrew Krystian2001 Bronów

- 249 -

BramkiBramki 170

55Bramki 1960

Bramki6ha

935 50

Bramki

- 250 -

Wojtówka Stowarzyszenie WspólnotaWojtówka 1981

Camphill Centres

2

1219 45

6Wojtówka

2 22

9 10

LezajskLezajsk

42 Leusden ETCLezajsk Lezajskie Stowarzyszenie Rozwoju Lezajsk LSR

ETC NPO 1974

ETC

- 251 -

ETCETC

Lezajsk 1993

LSR

SMENGO

SME

Severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy SMEI

4 10

,

SMEI

http://www.geocities.jp/marie4261127/sme.html

LSRLezajsk

PodkarpackieLezajsk

2000 2002MSAL

- 252 -

MSAL 2002 9 2003 8

Lezajsk

Lezajsk 5townLezajsk gmina Lezajsk gmina Nowa Sarzyna gmina Grodzisko Dolne

gmina Kurylówka 4-6583km 7

4 16

5

- 253 -

6 Lezajsk

San

Lezajsk

Lezajsk3.7ha

8-9ha

Lezajsk 18.2%5 1

63% 75% Lezajsk

Lezajsk

,

Lezajsk

Lezajsk

- 254 -

Lezajsk

Lezajsk

2

Lezajsk

2001 10 172004 3 12

3 82 24

- 255 -

Lezajsk

1 ,

1 23

24 1 2-3

- 256 -

,

Lezajsk

Lezajsk

Lezajsk

4

PCPR

GOPS

WT

- 257 -

GOPS

GOPS

- 258 -

PCPR

GOPS

Lezajsk WTZ Nowa SarzynaBrzóza Królewska

- 259 -

Lezajsk

12001 10 1

2004 3 14

- 260 -

70

2004 3

- 261 -

Lezajsk

3

3 12

- 262 -

20FRANCESCO DI IACOVO#, SAVERIO SENNI##ANDJEANETTE DE KNEGHT####Corresponding author: F. Di Iacovo, Associate Professor Agricultural Economics,Univeristy of Pisa. Vie Piagge 2, 56100 Pisa, Italy## Associate Professor Agricultural Economics, University of Viterbo### Founder of Fattoria Verde Onlus

1951 452 30

1978

1978

1978

- 263 -

1960

Agricola 200210

Confagricoltura

- 264 -

B

20011827 B 10

10 15

19901992

1985

- 265 -

300 350

2003 9 2004 945 1200 20

300

1970

- 266 -

Paterna

,

2

2 3 12 7

106

- 267 -

www.cavalgiocare.it

ARSIS

1516

44

Colombini

Colombini 18ha, Alessandro

5 22001 AlessandroORISS

Colombini 7

Alessandro 7ORISS

Colombini

2ORISS

2 ColombiniAlessandro

- 268 -

37,000ha

3.4ha

- 269 -

OstiaGrassi

5750 2004 61990 5

2004 Giannini

- 270 -

15ha 5025

Velletri Jailhouse

Velletri Jailhouse Velletri 5 40

1991 200 3505ha 1998

38002.3ha 1ha 2

2002 11 40,000Velletri 2003

Lazaria B:Lazaria

2004 3 VeronaVinitaly

Valletri

Velletri3

Novello FuggiascoQuarto di Luna 1/4

Le Sette Mandate 7

- 271 -

B

4001

La Fattoria Verde

La Fattoria Verde 2002Tenuta Albucceto a Palidoro

20031ha 300

: Fattoria VerdePresenza the OIKOS

CIA

ESF

- 272 -

Fattoria Verde,

,

2

- 273 -

,

- 274 -

,

,

2

- 275 -

CIAColdiretti

ACLI Terra

- 276 -

Emilio Sereni

Zorn Farm

, 1

Archimede

B

Paterna1970

Agricola 2002

1800010 4 2

- 277 -

4Agricola 2002

RDP

1300 55

www.tramerurali.it

RDP 2007-2013

1920 Monza

1992NGO

32

20

1999

- 278 -

30 111

1999 Koine

2ARSIA Paterna

2003

2003

- 279 -

CIA Coldiretti

CIA

EQUAL

ACLI Terra IREF

Leader+ observatory INEA

1

2005 Leader+ observatoryARSIA

2005

- 280 -

- 281 -

Park of Monza

- 282 -

- 283 -

21

PAULA DIANE RELFProfessor Emeritus, Department of Horticulture, Virginia Tech University,Blacksburg, VA 24073-0328, USA

Phytomedics 2004USDA

Welch 2004

100

- 284 -

CAST

1880 2190 44%1959 1660 10 1991 460

1.8%210 15 70

Butler and Maronek 2002, p. 21

10.92005 50 Traill 1999

1997 487 1900 3 1950 2

5

Butler and Maronek 2002,p.24

1978

- 285 -

1997Butler and Maronek 2002, p. 7

68.8%31.2

1980

Fetter 2004Fetter Johns Hopkins 1893

1910 1912

20

1787

1933-45 19351920

1965 65

1990

- 286 -

2001 14.131 16% 10% 57

17 18

18001843 24 2,561

Mental Wellness.com 200520

19521960

50

1980

20

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 1999

,

- 287 -

200

19

Benjamin Rush

1812 Medical Inquiries and Observations Upon Diseases of theMind

Rush 1812191817 Friends Asylum

Friends Hospital 20001817 Pontiac State 300

Friends Hospital 200019

Thomas KirkbrideOn the Construction, Organization, and General Arrangements of

Hospitals For the Insane With Some Remarks on Insanity and Its Treatment

- 288 -

Kirkbride 1854,

1BerkshireFarm Center and Services for Youth

1886 Canaan 580

Berkshire Farm Center and Services For Youth 2003

1895 Helen Campbell Col.Thomas W. Knox Thomas Byrnes Darkness and Daylight orLights and Shadows of New York Life Campbell et al. 1895

,

1

Working Women Ihde 2001

Campbellhorror honor Long Sal

Sal

Sal 3Sal

Sal

Sal

- 289 -

E.R.Johnston1899 the Journal of Psycho-Asthenics

Johnston 1899C. Lawrence Principles of Education for the Feeble-Minded

Lawrence 19001919 Dr. C. F. Menninger Karl Menninger Kansas Topeka

Menninger

Dr. Karl Menninger

1919Franklin K. Lane Washington, D.C. St. Elizabeth ,Dr.

W.A. WhiteLane

Pettit-Crossman 1997.1933 Dessa Hartwell

Hartwell 19331920 1940 OT

1942

19761950

- 290 -

1940 50

1940

1950 Alice Burlingame

Pontiac1959 Dr. Howard Rusk

Mrs. Enid Haupt Garden of Enid

Rhea McCandliss Topeka, Kansas Menninger1946 1953 Dr. Karl Menninger

Relf 2005aPawling

Pettit-Crossman 19971947 Ross Family Pelham

County Green ChimneysGreen

Chimneys 20051959 Camphill

Camphill

Camphill Dr Karl Koenig Rudolf SteinerCamphill 2005

1959

350 Colorado Boys Ranch 2005

- 291 -

1960 Therapy through Horticulture Dr.Donald Watson and Alice Burlingame Watson and Burlingame 19601963 6.5

Melwood Agricultural Training Center

United Way 100

MelwoodOJT Wynn 1993

1962 BorisLevinson Mental Hygiene The dogas a co-therapist Levinson Jingle

Levinson 19621960

NARHA 1969

1970Ride on St. Louis Inc. 20051972 Menninger Kansas

Kansas Dr. R. W. CampbellMaryland P.D. Relf1973 Clemson Dr. Senn HT

1973 Michigan Clinton Valley Center Pontiac StateHospital1976 Maryland P.D. Relf

Virginia Polytechnical Institute VirginiaRelf 2005a

Maryland Upper Marlboro Melwood ,Earl Copus1973 4 9 20 Dr. Conrad Link Diane HefleyRelf Maryland Rhea McCandliss Menninger

11 USDAMelwood Earl Copus 85

1974 1975 1

- 292 -

Diane RelfVirginia Mt. Vernon River Farm

800Relf 2005a

Delta Delta Society 2005a Michael McCulloch, MD. 1977Oregon

Delta

Delta

Delta

Delta

1980 Delta

1990 Delta

AAAT/A

AAA/T

1987

Ride on St. Louis Inc. 20051992 AHA American Hippotherapy Association 2003

199 HPCS

- 293 -

PCP 1990 Washington, D.C .People-Plant

Council 2005

PCP

PCP

Relf et al. 2004

NPO 2000

Therapeutic Landscapes Resource Center 2000

American Society forLandscape Architecture ASLA 2005

2 3

PAT

- 294 -

/

AIDS

PT

- 295 -

1HT

Rusk Haupt Glass Garden ProgramRusk Institute for Rehabilitation Medicine 2005

-

NGO

- 296 -

HT PAT

- 297 -

/

- 298 -

/

/ /

1

- 299 -

Sam Bass Warner, Claire Cooper Marcus,David Kamp

American Society for Landscape Architecture ASLA2005

Relf 2005b

I

IIIUSDA

IV

V

1

- 300 -

American Horticultural Therapy Association American Horticultural TherapyAssociation AHTA 2005b

Gardening for Good Gardeners of America 2004 NPO

Meristem Meristem 2002 NPO

American Society for Horticultural Sciences American Society For Horticultural ScienceASHS 2005

American Community Gardening Association

American Community Gardening Association ACGA 2004

The American Association of Botanical Gardens and Arboreta American Association ofBotanical Gardens and Arboreta 2005

- 301 -

National Garden Association National Gardening Association 2005

Kidsgardening.com 2003

American Horticultural Society American Horticultural Society 2005

1922

Men s Garden Clubs of America Gardeners of America 20042003-2005 Plant 4 People

Garden Club of Georgia Inc. 2005 .

Delta Society Delta Society 2005c NPO

National Service Dog Center Delta Society 2005d DeltaSociety

NSDC

Therapet Animal Assisted Therapy Foundation Therapet Animal Assisted TherapyFoundation 2003NPO

Dog-Play Dog-Play 2004 Diane Blackman

Dog-Play 2003

North American Riding for the Handicapped Association, Inc NARHA 2005

NARHA

- 302 -

American Hippotherapy Association American Hippotherapy Association 2003

American Horticultural Therapy Association AHTA 2005a

USDADorn and Relf 2001

Delta Society Delta Society 2005b AAT

Delta Society

Delta Society Delta Society 2005e

1990

- 303 -

Holden Arboretum Holden Arboretum 2005 ,Chicago Botanic Garden Chicago Botanic Garden 2004b and the North CarolinaBotanical Garden North Carolina Botanical Garden 2005

NorfolkNorfolk

Botanical Garden 2005

New York Botanic Garden 2005 HTChicago Botanic Garden

2004c

USDA

USDA

AgrAbility USDA

AgrAbility Project AgrAbility Project 2005

NPO

AgrAbility Project

- 304 -

CREES USDA AgrAbilityProject Cooperative State Research Education and Extension ServiceCSREES 2005bUSDA AgrAbility AgrAbility

AgrAbilityAgrAbility

866-259-6280 800-914-4424AgrAbility

AgrAbility

AgrAbility

2004 24 AgrAbility

AgrAbility

CSA 1980

400 CSA Alternative FarmingSystems Information Center 1999

SARE AFSUSDA

- 305 -

Small Farms@USDAUSDA

325NPO

Community Food Security Coalition CFSC 2005

USDA

Municipal Research and Services Center ofWashington MRSC 2005; Nagai 2004; Urban Community Gardens 2005;USDA 1998;City Farmer 2005 Municipal Research and Services Center of Washington MRSC 2005;Nagai 2004; Urban Community Gardens 2005; USDA 1998; City Farmer 2005

USDA 34H 4-H 2005 4H 4-H USA 2005

Cooperative State Research Educationand Extension Service CSREES 2005a

Agriculture in the Classroom 2005

- 306 -

Virginia Cooperative Extension Master Gardeners 2005

Cooperative State Research Education and ExtensionService CSREES 2005c .CSREES

33

Berkshire Farm Center and Services ForYouth 2003 116

NPO

163

1700

600

- 307 -

Colorado Boys Ranch 2005 195910 21

CBR

10 CBR

10

4H

- 308 -

Green Chimneys Green Chimneys 20051947 Green Chimneys

NPOGreen Chimneys

Green Chimneys

Green Chimneys

Westchester PutnamConnecticut

Farm and Wildlife Conservation Center

ConnecticutCTMR

Bonibel

Farm on the Moo-ve

- 309 -

60

NARHA

Crossroads Group Home Crossroads Group Home 2002Dr. Samuel Ross

Crossroads South Carolina

CrossroadsSouth Carolina 10

1993 10 18

PTSD

1075

AATP

Crossroads AATP CrossroadsHClemson 1994 9 Crossroads H

H Crossroads AATP

Farm City Days USDA H

AATP ITP

Camphill Camphill 2005

Camphill 10 800

- 310 -

2500

Camphill

Camphill

Dawn Farm Dawn Farm 2005 NPOAA

CSASCARF

2 1AA

Red Wiggler Community Farm Red Wiggler Community Farm 2005

1996 Woody Woodroof

CSA

Red Wiggler

4

- 311 -

Red Wiggler 8

CSA Red Wiggler

Moody Gardens Moody Gardens 2005a 1980

Moody Gardens 1

Moody Gardens Moody Gardens 2005bRobert L. Moody

1986 1 Moody Gardens

Moody Gardens

- 312 -

Moody GardensPalm Beach

IMAX 3DIMAX D

Log Cabin Boys Ranch 15 18Santa Cruz

Van Cleef 20011990

1SLUG 1997

SLUG

10 4

SLUG UrbanHerbals

SLUG

10SLUG

Melwood Melwood 2003a40 Melwood

DC1800

- 313 -

Melwood 40DC

Melwood 2003b

Urban Meadows Urban Meadows 2005 1998Thresholds Rehabilitation Industries

Urban MeadowsSouth LaSalle Street 120 Lurie Company

Urban Meadows

Thresholds

Tranquility Farm Equestrian Education and Renewal Center, Inc. Tranquility Farm 2005NPO

Gambrel Farm Gambrel Farm 2003Key Peninsula

3014 9

- 314 -

30

AAT

AAT AAA

Chandler 2001Tracy Roberts 2 Lucy Dottie

DeSoto Canterbury Episcopal School4 5Lucy Dottie

Dena Carselowey BuggsWichita Minneha Core Knowledge Magnet

Shiloh Project Shiloh Project 2005 501 c 3 NPO

FairfaxNPO

- 315 -

Shiloh Project Fairfax

501 c 3 NPO 501 3

Exempted

copyrightc 2009

- 316 -

22

JAN HASSINK.. AND MAJKEN VAN DIJK.Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O.....Animal Sciences Group, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box

200412 2004 4 1

2 2005

- 317 -

550 430 300 350 250140

1 0.5 0.01 0.1 0.4LEI 2004

Eggiwil 240 17

Eggiwil 7

630 150

10ha

20ha

10ESU 1 12090ESU LEI 2004

- 318 -

- 319 -

40 70

1950 60

800400

- 320 -

Kieft and Hassink 2004Petrarca

PetrarcaPetrarca

Petrarca

HippotherapyBehindertenreitenHeilpedagogisches ReitenGerman Kuratorium fur Therapeutisches Reiten 1970

Pegasus

2003

- 321 -

LAHAIO2005

Gezondheidsraad2004

- 322 -

Dronten

NPO

200ha EU 19ha

- 323 -

Oostindie et al. 2002

Berne, B le Basel and Lucerne

- 324 -

Van der Ploeg1998

2-3

2-3

6Kramer and Claessens

2002 3Oostindie et al. 2002 EU 1

12

- 325 -

Gezondheidsraad 2004

2005 3

- 326 -

EU