Vast 2011 invited_talk_final_shown

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY?

Prof. Dr. André Stork

Head of Competence Center 'Interactive Engineering Technologies'

Fraunhofer-Institut für Graphische Datenverarbeitung IGD

Fraunhoferstrasse 5 | 64283 Darmstadt | Germany

Telefon +49 6151 155-469 | Fax +49 6151 155-139

andre.stork@igd.fraunhofer.de

www.igd.fraunhofer.de

© Fraunhofer IGD

Computer Science

Computer Graphics

Modelling, Interaction, Visualization

Industrial Applications

CH projects

ArtNouveau, VirtualShowcase, CineSpace, 3D-COFORM

MY BACKGROUND

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Interactive Engineering Technologies

Modelling Reality

Geometry, Behaviour, Knowledge

GPU-centered computing

Simulation, Visualization, Rendering

MY DEPARTMENT

© Fraunhofer IGD

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? MOTIVATION

© Fraunhofer IGD

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? MOTIVATION

research

sales & delivery

PR & marketing

acquisition

conservation

exhibition & education

documentation

display

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Museum

A …

building, place, or institution

devoted to the

acquisition, conservation, study, exhibition, and educational interpretation of objects

having

scientific, historical, or artistic value.

Industry

1. Commercial production and sale of goods.

2. The sector of an economy made up of manufacturing enterprises.

3. A specific branch of manufacture and trade, e.g. the textile industry.

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? DEFINITIONS

The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition copyright ©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009

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Museum

preserving culture and the past

entertain and educate visitors

support national education objectives

contribute to scholarship

publish

operate with financial efficiency

increasing competition, e.g.

cinemas, games

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? MISSION

Industry (car)

sell ‚mobility‘

entertain driver / passengers

technology leadership

Publish

Educate

maximize profits

competitive market

Korean, Indian, Chinese

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Museum

# of musuems: 17.500 (US only)

# of visitors

850 million visitors per year (US only)

approx. 50.000 visitors/museum

# of artifacts

uncountable

unique, irreplacable, infinite value

institution

often CH items themself

source: http://www.aam-us.org/ aboutmuseums/abc.cfm

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? STATISTICS

Industry (car)

# of cars produced in 2011 (Oct. 16)

approx. 48 Mio.

# of cars worldwide: > 600 Mio.

US: ~ 250 Mio.

~ 136 Mio. passenger cars

development and production costs

billions of $$ for a new car model

companies

hundreds of billions (stock value)

source: International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers (OICA))

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Museum

permanent collection

exhibition

loan objects

travelling exhibitions

items in museum shops

licences

knowledge

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? PRODUCTS

Industry (car)

cars

options

patents

service

accessoires

driving courses

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Museum

money spent by visitor

$7.22 per visitor

BUT cost of serving a visitor is $31.40

ticket prices are moderate

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? PRODUCT COSTS

Industry (car)

cost per car:

in the order of tens of thousands $$

average cost per mile:

52.2 cents (AAA)

car prices are much higher

break-even only after selling tens of thousands of the same type

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# US citizens: ~ 300 Mio.

~ 3 museum visits per head per year

for the money spend per visit

one can drive approx. 14 miles

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? SOME CALCULATIONS

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MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY?

acquisition

conservation research

exhibition & education

documentation

display sales & delivery

PR & marketing

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MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY?

acquisition

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Museum

Planning acquisition and exhibition

Influences

Identity

History

Scope

Expertise

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? ACQUISITION AND EXHIBITION PLANNING

( © Victoria Albert Museum)

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Industry (car)

Product planning

Influences

Tradition & Expertise

Technology / trends

Use scenarios

Legislative requirements

Demographics

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? PRODUCT PLANNING

( © image courtesy of BMW AG)

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MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY?

research

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Museum

Which era is the found from?

How was it made?

Which tools?

How did it look?

How did it work?

How does it affect society?

Building hypotheses …

Compare with others

Creating insight / expertise

Document current state of science

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? RESEARCH

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Museum

Chisel marks

tells us how somebody worked …

their lifestyle …

… we learn about ourselves …

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? RESEARCH

Image by Rusinkiewicz et al, 2006

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Museum

Assembly

parts of a whole

fragments

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? RESEARCH

( © Victoria Albert Museum)

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Museum

Object comparison

Industry

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? RESEARCH

( © KUL)

( © PartMaster)

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Industry (car)

How does the product have to be designed to function?

Does it still work after 100.000 km?

Can we produce it at reasonable costs?

digital 3D models as basis for the whole engineering process …

styling and design

simulation (up to 120 different tools)

production

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? ENGINEERING AND ANALYSIS

( © Abaqus)

© Fraunhofer IGD

Industry (car)

digital 3D models as basis for multiple simulations

assembling simulation

packaging

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? ENGINEERING AND ANALYSIS

( © Fraunhofer SCAI)

( © Teraport)

© Fraunhofer IGD

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? ENGINEERING AND ANALYSIS

( © Ansys)

( © PamStamp)

Industry (car)

digital 3D models as basis for multiple simulations

stamping

stress

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Museums

applications for simulation ?

support design

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? ENGINEERING AND ANALYSIS

( © Fraunhofer iGD)

© Fraunhofer IGD

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY?

documentation

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Museum

Documentation

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? DOCUMENTATION

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Industry (car)

Product data management systems

3D models

people, groups

tasks

gates

project plans

access rights

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? DOCUMENTATION

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MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY?

conservation

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Museum

today

many pictures

conservation reports

tomorrow?

digital 3D documentation

3D scans before and after conservation

conservation reports attached to digital 3D models

long term digital preservation

life cycle documentation

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? CONSERVATION

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Industry (car)

digital 3D model (styling department)

numerical control (milling department)

physical model (1:4 or 1:1)

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? CONSERVATION: CAR INDUSTRY?

http://www.fiatmio.cc/makingof/en/

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Industry (car)

clay modelling

digitisation

digital 3D model

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? CONSERVATION: CAR INDUSTRY?

( © Breuckmann GmbH)

( © BMW AG / Daimler AG)

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MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? COMPARISON

Museums

complex objects

rough surfaces

depth complexity

geometric precision

points / triangles acceptable

material representation a MUST

requirement for accurate materials stimulated research, e.g.

=> TU Bonn

Industry (car)

Exterior

smooth surfaces

surface re-engineering into ‚editable‘ higher order surfaces

Interior

complex materials

© Fraunhofer IGD

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? GEOMETRY AND MATERIAL

( © Fraunhofer IGD)

© Fraunhofer IGD

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? GEOMETRY AND MATERIAL

© Fraunhofer IGD

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? MATERIAL AND GEOMETRY

( © Spheron)

( © Fraunhofer IGD)

© Fraunhofer IGD

Car interior

design reviews

car configurators

marketing

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? MATERIAL AND GEOMETRY

( © PI-VR)

© Fraunhofer IGD

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY?

display

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Museums

Manufacturing of …

individual replicas

higher volumes of instances for museum shops

rarely 3D and STL as basis for replica production

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? ‘PRODUCTION‘ FOR DISPLAY

( image courtesy of Cyprus Institute)

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Industry (car)

rapid prototyping (RP) for physical prototypes

high quality

digital factory planning

production of …

tens of thousands of cars

variations of the same model

all of the same size

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? PRODUCTION

( © Ford AG)

( © Opel GmbH)

© Fraunhofer IGD

3D printing

Future: Print at home at any size!

Challenge: How to print realistically optically complex materials?

MUSEUMS! INDUSTRY? 3D PRINTING

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Industry (car)

3D-centered processes

digitally born objects

physical prototypes still vital

market concentration

big players

tendency to minimize number of tools

pressure on suppliers

parts, tools

software

SUMMARY

engineering

suppliers procurement

production

sales use

service

product planning

design

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SUMMARY

Museums

physically born objects

digital 3D documentation not yet a daily practical tool

many individual expertise

no central use of 3D

different structure

different requirements

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Museums / industry

many commonalities in business process stages

potentially similar use cases

Industry

does not work without digital 3D models anymore

learn from London Charter

trackable documentation, document as maintained (conserved)

Museums

3D as an add-on, not a vital part of the business processes yet

fragmented field

join together to maximize market power (requirements towards tailored software tools)

TAKE AWAY MESSAGES

© Fraunhofer IGD

last decade: 3D in industry – this decade: 3D in CH at large

economic digitization AND documentation

industrialization of 3D digitization

3D internet helps 3D at large – cmp. 3D games

research !!!

OUTLOOK

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

QUESTIONS?