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Presentation by Philippe Lacour at PhiloWeb 2012 (WWW 2012), Lyon, France.
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Web Metaphysics between Logic and Ontology
TheTraduxio Project as an example
License: CC-by-nc-nd Attribution- Non Commercial - No Derivs 2.0 France
WWW2012 ConferenceLyon, April 16-20 2011PhiloWeb Workshop
Philippe Lacour –ENS Paris
Content
Content
Thinking the Web
• The Web: a genuine object of just a fashion?• From a general to a precise point of view • Two possible orientations: logic or ontology• Questioning the ontological question:
semantics• Unveiling the unconscious bias in the way we
frame the problem
Content
Ontology (so they say)
• Multiplication of ontologies• Confusion: metaphysics or misconception• A historical perspective: logical positivism• The Logical tradition: lexical semantics• The Rhetorical / hermeneutical tradition• From ontology to semantics
Content
A logical (semantic) inquiry
• Berners Lee’s Web: positivist vision• Semantic Web as a socio-semantic Web• Interpretation is not secondary• Not a layer cake but a triangle: documents,
interpretation, intersubjectivity• The entlightening case of translation
Content
A logical (semantic) inquiry
• G.-G. Granger and the dream of contemporary reason: « create machines that could produce singularities »
• E.g.: automatic translation• Two cases of machine translation
(grammatical, statistical rules)• Singularity as the sign of creativity• Translate from a text to another text
The TraduXio Project
• A computer assisted translation device• Online, free, open source• Meant for multilingual translation• Aiming at precision: concorder• Collaborative: a digital workbench• Building reflexive corpora• Ontological problems are semantic ones
Beyond the language pair system
The « star » stystem (e.g. Google translator’s toolkit)
Japanese Version
Korean Version
Russian Version
Turkish Version
French Version
Original Version
(English)
The Google Translator’s Toolkit
Originality
1. Beyond the language-pair system
Literature/Zulu
Version B
Version C
Version A
Récupération et encodageMoteur de recherche
Hamlet translated into German/Spanish/French
Multiple Translation from the Qur’an
Originality
2- Relevant suggestions
20th c.
Poetry
Africa
TraitementTraitement
Multilingual Concordance
Relevant suggestions
Concordance : reverse
Originality
3- The collaborative spirit
• Revision History• Managing Texts privileges• Social tagging• Discussions forums• Wiki, social networks…
Privileges Management
Custom Privileges Management
Tagging a Text
Content
Web Philosophy as Psychoanalysis of Digital Culture
• A web of Meaning: documents, not datas• Semantic unconscious, below the ontological
concern• Socio-semantic Web, interpretive semantics• Critical role of philosophy: not kantian but a
cultural psychoanalysis, which also goes beyond Bachelard’s psychoanalysis of knowledge
• Automatic translation misconceives the role of translation in the philosophy of language
Follow TraduXio
• « TIC, traduction, collaboration: vers de nouveaux laboratoires de translocalisation culturelle », Meta Journal for Translators, 55(4), december 2010 (now online).
• “Towards a Collaborative Platform for Cultural Texts Translators”, BÉNEL Aurélien and LACOUR Philippe. In Pierre MARET ed. Virtual Community Building and the Information Society: Current and Future Directions. Hershey (Pennsylvania): IGI Global (January 2011).
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