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Global leadership program, G-20 and Peacebuilding - Development Challenges in Yemen
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By
Adnan Qatinah
DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGE IN YEMEN
December 05, 2013
Seoul, Korea
I. Some facts about Yemen
II. Development Challenges in Yemen
• High Population Growth Rates
• Poverty
• Unemployment
• Water Scarcity
III. Lessens learn from Korean experience
Our Agenda
Some facts about Yemen
Population (2012): 25,517,828
Annual population growth rate (%): 3.0
GDP (2012): $35.65 billion
GDP per capita (2012): $1,200
Area: 527,829 km2
Currency: Yemeni Rial (YER) ($1= 214 YER)
• Yemen has seen a number of economic, political and social changes over the past five decades. The most important of these were the revolution of September 1962 against the Imamate in North Yemen, and that of October 1973 against British colonial rule in South Yemen.
• The 1970s and 1980s involved periods of conflict between the North and the South.
• Yemeni society is characterized by tribalism, especially in the northern and eastern parts.
Some facts about Yemen
Some facts about Yemen
Regional and International factors, and national dialogue, which continued even during the fiercest phases of the conflict, led to the unification of Yemen in May 1990 and the creation of the Republic of Yemen.
II. Economic Challenges in Yemen
o High population growth rates;
o Poverty;
o Unemployment;
o Water scarcity.
Source: http://www.globalresearch.ca/articlePictures/protest-southYemen.jpg
1. Population in Yemen
Population in Yemen
Source: World Bank data (2012).
1970
1973
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
2003
2006
2009
2012
-
5,000,000.0
10,000,000.0
15,000,000.0
20,000,000.0
25,000,000.0
30,000,000.0
Population
Source: 20 points: Editable-Yemen-Map-showing-population-density-for-PPT-Presentations-Editable-Yemen-PPT-map
Demographic transition
1970
1973
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
2003
2006
2009
-
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
Fertility rate Death rateSource: World Bank data (2012).
Children per woman
Source: World Bank data (2012).
Demographic pyramid in Yemen
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, International Data Base
Source: http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/media/images/61895000/jpg/_61895314_yemen_shibam_g.jpg
2. Poverty in Yemen
Poverty in Yemen
Sours:
• Around 47 percent of Yemen
population lives under the poverty
line;
• Poverty reduction is a priority in
Yemen;
• Poverty in Yemen is closely linked
to economic growth rates and
developments in wealth distribution. Tunisia Jordan Algeria Egypt Yemen0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
2.6 2
6.8
2
17.5
12.8
3.5
23.6
18.4
46.6
Population Below Income Poverty Line in 2012
$1.25 a day $2 a day
%
Source: http://gulfnews.com/polopoly_fs/1.1169480!/image/494564005.jpg_gen/derivatives/box_475/494564005.jpg
3. Unemployment
Unemployment in Yemen
Algeria Egypt Jordan Libya Morocco Syria Tunisia Yemen0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
10% 9%13%
30%
9% 9%
5%
35%
Unemployment rate (2012)
Source: UN Photo/Ian Steele Children helping an old woman fill her containers with water from a community pump in Yemen.
4. Water Scarcity
• Total Renewable Water Resources: 2,500Mm3
• Total Water Demand: 3,400Mm3
• Deficit: 900Mm3
• Ground water decline level: 1-7m per
year.
• The annual water share: 125m3 per
capita.
• Per capita availability of renewable resources is 133
m3; comparable figures are 7,500 (world) 1,250
MENA region.
Water Scarcity in Yemen
Source: UN Photo/Ian Women carried water in Yemen.
Water Scarcity in Yemen
Sourse: MCM/year; average climate change
III. Lessens learn from Korean experience• Political and economic stability and growth are coming first
• Strong leadership and institutions
• Providing universal primary education
• Strengthening vocational education at the secondary level.
• Encourage private sector to invest in education
• Match between educational development policies and national economic
development process
• Diversify the economy
• Have a good relationship and cooperation with the international community
• Redistribute and reduce inequity
• Invest more in the infrastructure
• ……
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