fabric and garment finishing methods

Wool and cotton fabrics wrinkle, both fibers absorbwater.Polyester and nylon fabrics are more resistive towrinkling, they absorb much less than the othertwo.

A largediameter rod, because the radius of curvature is bigger, will exhibit greater strains than a thinner rod.

The stressed shape of the fiber is just asstable now as was the original shape

Clothes moths can damage a wardrobe investment, especially if there is a large infestation. The moths themselves do not eat wool and cashmere.

The moths lay eggs, which hatch larvae. The larvae then eat the cashmere and wool for the nutrients they need.

The fabric itself is not all that the larvae are after; they will find nourishment from food crumbs, drinks, sweat and even urine spotsRead more:

Soil repellent– active treatment, protectspenetration of dirt into fibre

• Soil release– pasive treatment, dirtpenetrates into fibre and is easy removed by Washing

• Anti-soil redeposition– principal ofdetergency

Dirt types1. Dry – solid particles in air2. Wet – suspension – soil in water– solutions – fruit juices– strong bondings to substrate3. Fatty – fats, oils

Direct contact with dirts

• Electrostatic polarization of dust particles(synthetic materials)

Contact forces

Cellulosefibres(cotton) are known for their comfort during wear and various other favourable properties.

Resins are used for various wet finishes basically on cellulose and cellulosic blends.Resin based finishes create cross linking that increases intermolecular rigidity.The resin finishes had been mainly developed for the basic problems of crease formations on cellulosic fibers ,thus these finishes came to be known as–“Anticrease or Crease Recovery finish ,easy care finish or Resin finish since resins are used for these finish

Resin Finish

Effects of Resin Finishing

schreinerhave softer luster than most other luster finishes—uses schreiner calendar which has a metal roller engraved with 200-300 fine diagonal line per inch

a friction calendar produces a highly glazed surface polished cotton

Glazed finish

Cire finishsimilar to a glazed finish, except metal roll is hot to produce greater luster

moirehave wood grain or watermarked appearance; used for somewhat formal looks in apparel & interiors

Lustrous patent leather effect produced on fabric surfaces. Name derived from the French verb cire, meaning to wax and polish.

A Finishing Process That Produces A High Gloss On The Surface On The Fabric By Passing It Through Heavy Rollers (calendering) . Fabrics Made Of Thermoplastic Fibers Like Nylon Or Polyester Are Cired By Calendering With Heat And Pressure Alone. Other Fabrics Like Rayons Or Silks Are Calendered With Wax Or Other Compounds

Pleated fabric

made using a variation of embossing— Hand pleating

pattern paper (hand)—produces wider variety of pleated designs

machine process—blades pleat fabric as inserted between two heated rolls

Hand Pleating – This method would encompass folding a piece of fabric pleat by pleat to other hand techniques like shibori which employs the use of ropes to bind and compress fabric.Hand pleating fold by fold becomes much easier with tartan, plaid or striped fabric since the repeat in fabric is used as a guide to assist in the folding.

Pattern Pleating – This method of pleating employs the use of a cardboard pattern or a tool referred to as a “pleaters board.”  Pleating boards are still used and sold today but mainly for the home sewer.  Fabric is stuffed into spaces on and then pressed with a steam iron

Pattern Pleating

Machine pleating

Embroidereddecorated by hand or by machine with a surface-applied thread

produced by treatment with sulfuric acid in cotton fabrics; subtractive—called parchmentizing

The fabric is transparent ,stiff and sheer .

Sun Protection and cool finishWith outdoor activities on sunny days: such as sport, recreation, or work, dark clothing has the unpleasant effect of heating up significantly. The consequence is that the wearer perspires heavily and can find his or her potential achievement reduced.

However, clothing equipped with the cool finish is quite different. It reacts just like light colored materials and heats up very little because the sun’s heat is simply repelled from the surface of the fabric by the cool finish. This ensures that clothing stays cooler, the wearer feel more comfortable

Non-Slip finishes:

Synthetic warp and weft threads in loosely woven fabrics are particularly prone to slip because of their surface smoothness when the structure of fabric is disturbed and appearance is no loner attractive. To avoid this attempts are made to give the filaments a rougher surface. Silica-gel dispersions or silicic acid colloidal solutions are quite useful