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http://www.catchtalk.tv/events/gfia2014/videos/drought-tolerant-maize-for-africa-cimmyt
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DR PETER SETIMELA DTMA CIMMYT
Breeding and dissemina6on of drought tolerant maize in Eastern and Southern
Africa Peter Se6mela, Tsedeke Abate, John MacRobert, Jill E Cairns, Cosmos Magorokosho, Amsal Tarekegne, Dan Makumbi and BM Prasanna
Improving maize produc6vity in Eastern and Southern Africa
• Popula/on in SSA will double by 2045
• Maize yields remain very low under smallholder farmers
Cairns et al., 2012
• Climate change predic/ons suggest large losses in maize produc/on in Southern Africa
à Increased emphasis on drought tolerance breeding since 2006
DTMA Projects Targets
70,000 tons drought tolerant maize seed produced by 2016
Benefit 30-‐40 M people (150-‐200 M USD)
Increase maize yields under drought stress by 1 t ha-‐1
Drought
Low N
Breeding for drought tolerant maize and other abio6c stresses through managed stress
NOT: to simulate a farmer’s field
BUT: to simulate a stress that has a high probability of occurring in farmers’ fields
Post-‐flowering drought stress ● Top leW: /me of last irriga/on ● Top right: crop aMer flowering ● Right: genotypic differences
Prigge et al. 2011, 2012; Prasanna et al. 2013
Product development
Doubled haploid facility
Grain yield (t ha-‐1) Op/mal Drought
CZH1157 6.70 3.08 CZH10250 6.52 2.79 CZH1237 6.34 3.09 Commercial 1 6.31 2.67 Commercial 2 4.84 1.48 Loca/ons 10 3
Product validation Yield rela/ve to SC513 (t ha-‐1)
Low yielding trials (<3 t ha-‐1)
Average yield -‐ 1.83 t ha-‐1
High yielding trials (>3 t ha-‐1)
Se/mela et al. 2012
Documen6ng gene6c gains
Op6mal condi6ons es6mated gains = 196 kg ha-‐1 yr-‐1
Drought condi6ons es6mated gains = 85 kg ha-‐1 yr-‐1
o 66 varie/es (3 commercial checks; 1999, 2003, 2010) o 34 loca/ons (22 in Southern Africa and 12 in Eastern Africa)
Masuka et al. unpublished
Facilita6ng farmers’ access to drought tolerant maize
117 new varie6es released (60 hybrids, 57 OPVs), 51 seed companies growing DT varie6es
Seed produc6on of drought tolerant varie6es
Varie/es
Produc/on (t)
Promo6ng Variety Adop6on • Variety Demonstra/ons conducted widely • Field days by seed companies • Posters and seed packaging • S/ll much to be done to increase demand
Projected Seed Produc6on of New DT Maize Varie6es
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Seed
Pro
duct
ion/
1000
t
Conclusions • Gains are being made in farmers fields in ESA
• Highly drought tolerant lines iden/fied for breeding pipeline • Efficiency of maize breeding pipeline in ESA is being improved
• Reducing plot noise • Double haploid technology • Associa/on mapping
• New number of seed companies are being established to produce and disseminate DT varie/es
• Old varie/es are slowly being replaced with new ones.
Thank you
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