View
757
Download
2
Category
Tags:
Preview:
Citation preview
Activity Centre
Performance Toolkit
Toolkit Briefing for
Property Council
Members
Pracsys Economics
• Urban and employment economics
• Translating ‘sustainability, livability, prosperity’
objectives into measureable outcomes
• Evidence-based decision making
Policy Environment
Activity Centre Performance Toolkit
Review of capital city
strategic planning systems Report to the Council of Australian Governments
23 December 2011
Conventional Approach
• Activity = retail driven by population catchment
• Floorspace must be controlled to restrict centre
growth and ‘protect’ prescribed hierarchy
• Black-box analytics
• No allowance for ‘strategic’ activity
• Does not account for unconventional
development
Problems
• Old system simple but very basic
• Distorts market forces – reinforces status quo
• Planning aspires to more sophisticated system
• New concepts not well defined or measured
• Planners have not adapted
• Decision makers not equipped to make
decisions
• Fear of ‘looking bad’ creates inertia
Alternate Approach
• Specify outcomes rather than inputs
• Measure outcomes
• Make system transparent and common to all
• Use benchmarks
• Work with market
• Assess function of whole network
Activity Centre Planning
PrinciplesActivity allocation – understand the activity
(population and employment) load expected of
each centre in the network
Balance against centre capacity
DiversityMixed Use
Proportion of jobs in the centre in categories other than retail
ABS Census employment data (working population) using destination zones
Equitability
How evenly jobs are distributed to ensure that all amenities are represented (and certain land use categories do not dominate the mix at the expense of others)
ABS employment data converted to Planning Land Use Categories (PLUC) and Shannon’s Diversity & Equitability Index applied
IntensityResidential Density
Dwellings per hectare
400m and 800m walkable
catchment
Census collection districts
(CCDs)
Employment Density
Jobs per hectare
Destination zones
Plot ratio (if floor space data
available)
EmploymentEmployment Quantum
Number of jobs in centre
Boundary designation
Destination zones
Employment Quality
Percentage of jobs that
are KIPS and Export-
Oriented
Uses ANZSIC 3-digit
industries
Applied employment
quality model
ANZSIC ExportsConsumer
Services
Producer
ServicesKICS KIPS
Agriculture, nfd 7% 22% 32% 16% 23%
Nursery and
Floriculture
Production
15% 47% 15% 18% 6%
Mushroom and
Vegetable Growing15% 32% 10% 33% 10%
Fruit and Tree Nut
Growing15% 32% 10% 32% 10%
Sheep, Beef Cattle
and Grain Farming38% 0% 13% 0% 49%
Other Crop Growing 15% 20% 6% 45% 14%
Centre AccessibilityTransport Infrastructure
Presence of bus route, station, train
etc.
Distance from CBD
Kilometres via road
Also measure distance from other
important economic nodes
AECOM
Transport Infrastructure
A bus stop for at least one local bus route
A bus stop for at least two local bus routes
Sub-regional bus station
A regional bus interchange
One train station and bus interchange
One train station and regional bus station
One regional train station and a regional
bus station
Two regional train stations and a regional
bus station
MobilityITEM ATTRIBUTE METRIC
Walkability Footpaths
Presence of footpath
Continuity of footpath
Width of footpath
Condition of footpath
Cycle
accessCyclepaths
Presence of cyclepaths or good cycling
environment.
Presence of cycle parking**
Vehicle
accessParking Convenient vehicle parking provided
Urban QualityITEM ATTRIBUTE METRIC MEASUREMENT
Sense of
place
Facilitates social
opportunities
Presence of places
suitable for public
meeting, eating/beverage
establishments.*
Count the number of establishments on
each side of the road segment. Record the
number.
Attractive
features
Water bodies PresentAre there any water bodies/features visible
from the street segment? Yes (1)/no (0).
Parks Number presentAre there any parks visible from the street
segment? Yes (1)/no (0).
Street trees
Existence
Count the number of street trees present
in the street segment and divide by the
segment length (in metres) to give trees/m.
More than 1 tree/8 m (1), 1 tree/8 m – 15 m
(0.5), less than 1 tree/16 m + (0).
Size
Are most of the trees small – height of a
ceiling (0), medium – high as a 2-storey
building (0.5) or large – very high (1).
PavementDecorative materials or
plain concrete**
What material is the pavement made from?
Plain concrete (0), decorative bricks (0.5),
or high quality pavers with decorative
features (1).
Garden beds Present*Are the any garden beds present? Yes
(1)/no (0).
Unattractive
features
Car parks
adjacent to public Present
Are there any car parks adjacent to the
public realm in this segment? Yes (0)/no
Urban AmenityITEM ATTRIBUTE METRIC
Comfort
Solar accessDirect or ambient sunlight safely
accessible from public realm*
ShadeTrees or awnings present to shade
the footpath
Air qualityFumes emitted by
vehicles
Calculate number of vehicles per
day on street
NoiseNoise emissions from
vehicles
Calculate number of vehicles per
day on street
Street furnitureSeating Number provided**
Bins Present**
Leisure and social
opportunitiesParks
Number provided
Playgrounds
Sports fields/equipment
SafetyITEM ATTRIBUTE METRIC
Perception of
safety
Disorder
Vacant lots
Vacant buildings*
Graffiti present*
Rubbish present*
Passive
surveillance
From dwellings/shops overlooking
pedestrian/public spaces
Lighting Pedestrian access ways well lit*
Personal safety
Crime events Statistical occurrence
Traffic safety
Statistical occurrence of traffic incidents
Ratio of crossovers to street length
Assisted pedestrian crossings on busy roads
Separation of footpaths from road
Traffic calming measures
Setting Expectations and
Targets• National baseline assessment of all centres
• Plan centre development against quantitative
targets
• Centres mature gradually – use benchmarks
Planning Assessments
• Local government commercial strategies use
same language and metrics to set expectations
for centre performance
• Conversations with proponents are about eight
outcome areas, not floorspace
• Outcomes evolve through logical discussion –
not prescription
New Decision Rules
E –
Expectation
T – Target
I – Impact
PCA members should….
• Prepare centre development plans against all eight outcome areas
• Explain how these outcomes translate to ‘success’ for the centre
• Put pressure on decision makers to use evidence to support their decisions and be outcomes focused
• Contact Pracsys for a $5,000 scorecard (normally $10,000)
• www.pracsys.com.au/toolkit-briefing/
Recommended